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Ovarian Structure (ovarian + structure)
Selected AbstractsOvarian Structure in Mice Lines Selected for WeightANATOMIA, HISTOLOGIA, EMBRYOLOGIA, Issue 3 2009S. F. Bernardi Summary Selection for body weight at 49 day of age (s and h, downward selected lines; s, and h,, upward selected lines) affected reproductive traits in CF1 mice lines. The objective of this study was to compare ovarian structures in females of these lines, as well as in unselected controls (Line t). The number of ovarian follicles (N), follicle diameter (FD), number of corpora lutea (CL), litter size (LS), and body weight (W), were recorded. There were significant differences among lines for N, FD, CL, LS and W; means values for the lines with the greatest difference for post-pubertal females were: Ns = 19.3 and Ns, = 32.7; FDh, = 161.7 and FDs, = 178.2; CLh = 10.3 and CLs, = 21.9; LSs = 6.0 and LSh, = 11.1; Wh = 18.9 and Ws, = 32.4. There were also differences between positive lines; Line s, had a higher proportion of large follicles in pre-pubertal females, a greater capacity to convert these follicles into CL, but a lower capacity to maintain embryos until term than Line h,. For negative lines, Line h apparently had a reduced incidence of embryonic loss when compared with Line s. In conclusion, selection for body weight modified ovarian structure, as well as reproductive efficiency. [source] Effect of insulin on rat ovarian leptin expression by immunohistochemical stainingJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 6 2003Naci Kemal Kuscu Abstract Aim:, Leptin and insulin may interact in regulating ovarian steroid synthesis. The objective of this study was to investigate immunohistochemical staining of leptin in normal rat ovarian tissues and in rats treated with insulin and insulin plus human chorinoic gonadotropin (hCG). Methods:, Paraffin blocks of rat ovarian tissues from a previous study, in which 18 adult, female Wistar rats with an average weight of 250 g were divided into three groups to receive either saline solution, human insulin (2 U/day) or human insulin (2 U/day) plus hCG (4 U/day) for 4 weeks, were used in this study to compare the effects on leptin staining. The results were analysed using a semiquantitative scoring system, such as mild, moderate and strong. Results:, No staining was observed in granulosa cells and theca interna cells of normal ovarian tissues. Theca externa cells had mild staining intensity (+), corpus luteum had moderate (+ +) and stroma had mild (+) staining intensity. Histological structure was impaired in the insulin group, luteinized cells had mild staining, there was no difference in other cell groups. Only theca externa cells of the developing follicles were stained in insulin plus hCG group, luteinized cells again had mild staining. Conclusions: Besides damaging the rat ovarian structure, insulin reduced staining intensity of leptin in luteinized cells. Insulin may stimulate ovarian steroid synthesis not only through its own receptors, but also by acting on the leptin expression of these cells. [source] Ovarian Structure in Mice Lines Selected for WeightANATOMIA, HISTOLOGIA, EMBRYOLOGIA, Issue 3 2009S. F. Bernardi Summary Selection for body weight at 49 day of age (s and h, downward selected lines; s, and h,, upward selected lines) affected reproductive traits in CF1 mice lines. The objective of this study was to compare ovarian structures in females of these lines, as well as in unselected controls (Line t). The number of ovarian follicles (N), follicle diameter (FD), number of corpora lutea (CL), litter size (LS), and body weight (W), were recorded. There were significant differences among lines for N, FD, CL, LS and W; means values for the lines with the greatest difference for post-pubertal females were: Ns = 19.3 and Ns, = 32.7; FDh, = 161.7 and FDs, = 178.2; CLh = 10.3 and CLs, = 21.9; LSs = 6.0 and LSh, = 11.1; Wh = 18.9 and Ws, = 32.4. There were also differences between positive lines; Line s, had a higher proportion of large follicles in pre-pubertal females, a greater capacity to convert these follicles into CL, but a lower capacity to maintain embryos until term than Line h,. For negative lines, Line h apparently had a reduced incidence of embryonic loss when compared with Line s. In conclusion, selection for body weight modified ovarian structure, as well as reproductive efficiency. [source] Identification and physical mapping of genes expressed in the corpus luteum in cattle,ANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 5 2003T. Bønsdorff Summary A representational difference analysis was performed to identify genes expressed in the corpus luteum of cattle. The corpus luteum is an ovarian structure that is essential for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Knowledge of gene expression and function of corpus luteum will be important to improve fertility in humans and domestic animals. Housekeeping genes were removed from the corpus luteum representation (tester) using skeletal muscle as the subtracting agent (driver). A total of 80 clones of the final subtraction product were analysed by sequencing and 11 new bovine gene sequences were identified (pBTCL1,11). The sequences were mapped to segments of 10 different chromosomes using a somatic cell hybrid panel and a radiation hybrid panel. With one exception the locations are in agreement with published comparative maps of cattle and man. Expression in corpus luteum was verified by RT,PCR for all the 11 clones. [source] Ovarian Structure in Mice Lines Selected for WeightANATOMIA, HISTOLOGIA, EMBRYOLOGIA, Issue 3 2009S. F. Bernardi Summary Selection for body weight at 49 day of age (s and h, downward selected lines; s, and h,, upward selected lines) affected reproductive traits in CF1 mice lines. The objective of this study was to compare ovarian structures in females of these lines, as well as in unselected controls (Line t). The number of ovarian follicles (N), follicle diameter (FD), number of corpora lutea (CL), litter size (LS), and body weight (W), were recorded. There were significant differences among lines for N, FD, CL, LS and W; means values for the lines with the greatest difference for post-pubertal females were: Ns = 19.3 and Ns, = 32.7; FDh, = 161.7 and FDs, = 178.2; CLh = 10.3 and CLs, = 21.9; LSs = 6.0 and LSh, = 11.1; Wh = 18.9 and Ws, = 32.4. There were also differences between positive lines; Line s, had a higher proportion of large follicles in pre-pubertal females, a greater capacity to convert these follicles into CL, but a lower capacity to maintain embryos until term than Line h,. For negative lines, Line h apparently had a reduced incidence of embryonic loss when compared with Line s. In conclusion, selection for body weight modified ovarian structure, as well as reproductive efficiency. [source] Population of Follicles and Luteal Structures during the Oestrous Cycle of Mares Detected by Three-Dimensional Internal Structure MicroscopyANATOMIA, HISTOLOGIA, EMBRYOLOGIA, Issue 3 2009Y. Hirano Summary The structure of the equine ovary is different from that of other mammals in its extremely large size, the presence of ovarian fossa and the inverted location of its cortex and medulla. A three-dimensional internal structure microscopy (3D-ISM), which consists of a computer-controlled slicer, a CCD camera, a laser disc recorder and a PC, is very useful for the observation of the internal structures in equine ovaries. In addition, the three-dimensional images of follicles and corpus luteum (CL) reconstructed by the segmentation technique can clarify the spatial arrangement in the equine ovary. In this study, to understand the changes in the ovarian internal structures of the mare during the oestrous cycle, the size and numbers of follicles and luteal structures were analysed by 3D-ISM in addition to the concentrations of progesterone (P4) and oestradiol-17,. As a result, many small follicles (<10 mm in diameter) were detected. It was recognized that the luteal structures were distinguished into three types, such as the corpus haemorragicum (CH), which is formed by blood elements at the cavity after ovulation, CL and corpus albican (CA). There were some CHs and CL in the group, which had the concentration of P4 > 1 ng/ml. CHs were also observed in the group, which had low level of P4 (P4 < 1 ng/ml). CAs were found regardless of the P4 level. In conclusion, 3D-ISM enabled the internal observation of the ovarian structures in detail, and estimation of the stage of the ovarian cycle with complementary physiological information. The findings by 3D-ISM provide basic information for clinical applications. [source] Chronic cystic ovarian disease in a Holstein cowAUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 1-2 2005AM PADULA Cystic ovarian follicles are commonly found during rectal examination of early postpartum dairy cows, usually presenting with anoestrus and occasionally nymphomania. Most cases self cure with time, or respond to exogenous hormonal treatment. This case report describes a refractory case in a Holstein cow in which a novel treatment approach was used. A gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist implant was inserted for 180 d in an attempt to suppress pituitary gonadotrophin output, arrest abnormal ovarian follicle growth and prevent steroidogenesis. Frequent serial blood samples were collected before and after implant insertion to monitor changes in pulse release of luteinising hormone. Follow up ultrasound scans and blood samples were done to monitor ovarian structures; progesterone and oestradiol were collected at various times over the 180 d period. A normal, cycling herdmate was enrolled as a control. Prior to implant insertion, high frequency and low amplitude luteinising hormone pulses were detected in the cystic cow. Insertion was followed by a sustained surge in the release of luteinising hormone in both cows, but ovulation was not induced in the cystic cow. Plasma oestradiol levels remained consistently elevated and signs of oestrous behaviour were observed. Long term gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist treatment failed to suppress either ovarian steroid production or cause regression of the cysts by 180 d. [source] | |||||||||||||