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Outflow Tract Obstruction (outflow + tract_obstruction)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Kinds of Outflow Tract Obstruction

  • ventricular outflow tract obstruction
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    Selected Abstracts

    Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Due to Anomalous Attachment of Chordae Tendineae in the Subaortic Region

    ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2006
    Sanjay Kumar M.R.C.P.
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    Critical Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Due to Accessory Mitral Valve Tissue

    ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2000
    RAFFAELE CALABRO M.D.
    Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction due to anomalous tissue tag arising from the mitral valve is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly. It generally becomes symptomatic during the first decade of life as exercise intolerance, chest pain, or syncope at effort. To date, only a few cases of critical systemic obstruction due to isolated mitral valve anomaly in neonates have been reported. We report the case of a neonate who was a few hours old and was referred in severe clinical condition due to critical left ventricular outflow obstruction resulting from an anomalous tissue tag of mitral valve origin. [source]

    Left Ventricular Rhabdomyoma With Severe Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction

    JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 5 2007
    Ali Sarigul M.D.
    Rhabdomyomas are the most common tumors in this group of patients. We herein report a 40-day-old male patient with left ventricular rhabdomyoma. The tumor caused syncope attack and supraventricular tachycardia. An emergency operation was planned and the life-threatening lesion was excised via left ventriculotomy. The patient was extubated on postoperative sixth hour and discharged from hospital on the sixth day of the postoperative period without any problem. This successful operation encourages us not to hesitate to perform an operation in newborns with cardiac neoplasms causing hemodynamic instability. [source]

    Late Presentation of Pulmonary Valve Stenosis Confirmed by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

    CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE, Issue 3 2008
    Didier Locca MD
    ABSTRACT We describe the case of a 70-year-old man who presented with increasing exertional dyspnea. He was found to have an ejection systolic murmur and evidence of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, with a peak velocity of 4.5 m/s recorded by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance showed right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary valve stenosis, peak recorded velocity 4.2 m/s, with thickened pulmonary valve leaflets of reduced mobility, and poststenotic dilatation of the main pulmonary artery. The case illustrates that severe pulmonary valve stenosis can present late in life and that cardiovascular magnetic resonance can be useful in clarifying nature and level of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in an adult. [source]

    Alcohol Septal Ablation in a Young Patient after Aortic Valve Replacement

    ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 3 2009
    Fadi G. Hage M.D.
    A 38-year-old male presented with heart failure symptoms and was diagnosed with aortic valve endocarditis and underlying aortic stenosis in the absence of concentric hypertrophy or bicuspid aortic valve and underwent aortic valve replacement but continued to have symptoms which were then attributed to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. He was determined to be unsuitable for myomectomy and underwent successful alcohol septal ablation using transthoracic echocardiographic Doppler and continuous wave velocity monitoring without requiring to cross the aortic valve or to perform transatrial septostomy and left ventricular pressure monitoring. When crossing the aortic valve is a relative or absolute contraindication like in our index case, continuous Doppler velocity recording is a safe and effective alternative approach to monitor the outflow gradient while performing alcohol septal ablation. [source]

    Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography in Valve Replacement Surgery

    ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 8 2002
    Raphael Rosenhek M.D.
    Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is applied widely during heart valve replacement surgery. Intraoperative TEE (IOTEE) is used to formulate the surgical plan, assess cardiac function, and evaluate surgical outcome. This review describes the methodology of IOTEE, focusing on its role in valve replacement surgery. Specific aspects, such as its role in surgical decision making, selection of the prosthetic model and size, detection and quantification of paravalvular leaks, outflow tract obstruction, and acute prosthetic valve obstruction, are discussed. Furthermore, a description of the value of IOTEE in newer procedures, such as port access surgery, is presented. [source]

    Inhalation of Amyl Nitrite and the Measurement of Left Ventricular Outflow Velocity: Studies in Normal, Young Adults

    ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2000
    BYRON F. VANDENBERG M.D.
    Amyl nitrite inhalation is useful in the identification of patients with provocable left ventricular (LV) outflow tract obstruction. However, there are no prospective studies that assess the normal change in LV outflow velocity during this intervention. Eighteen normal subjects (mean age, 34 ± 5 years; 9 men and 9 women) inhaled amyl nitrite during measurement of LV outflow velocity. Peak velocity increased from 109 ± 16 cm/s to 144 ± 24 cm/s (P < 0.001). There were no significant gender differences in velocity measurements at baseline or at peak. Our study provides prospective data that may be useful when evaluating young adults for LV outflow tract obstruction with Doppler echocardiography during amyl nitrite inhalation. [source]

    Predictors of Complete Heart Block After Alcohol Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and the Timing of Pacemaker Implantation

    JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 1 2007
    F.R.A.C.P., SEIFEDDIN S. EL-JACK M.B.B.S.
    Catheter-based alcohol septal ablation has recently been introduced for the treatment of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. It is associated with various conduction disturbances and may lead to transient or persistent complete heart block (CHB). Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and predictors of developing CHB and the timing of permanent pacemaker implantation have been variable among the different studies. Among 50 patients studied, we found that a new right bundle branch pattern was the most common new ECG change after septal ablation and that baseline left bundle branch block was strongly associated with the development of CHB (P = 0.004); 9 patients (18%) required permanent pacemaker implantation of whom 7 (78%) remained pacemaker dependent at 14 days with no delayed recovery of atrioventricular conduction. This favors an early pacemaker implantation strategy. [source]

    Cardiac outcomes of hydrops as a result of twin,twin transfusion syndrome treated with laser surgery

    JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 1-2 2009
    Peter H Gray
    Aim: To determine cardiac outcomes of foetal hydrops as a result of twin,twin transfusion syndrome treated with laser surgery. Methods: Hydrops identified in 16 recipient foetuses with twin,twin transfusion syndrome was treated with laser ablation surgery to anastomotic vessels. Prior to laser surgery, the foetuses were assessed by echocardiography for cardiac abnormalities and ventricular and valvular dysfunction. After delivery, echocardiography was performed on 15 of the 16 newborn infants. Results: Foetal echocardiography indicated impaired biventricular function in the 16 hydropic foetuses. Five foetuses had little or no forward flow through the pulmonary valve, while four had pulmonary regurgitation. Following laser surgery performed at a mean of 22.9 weeks gestation, hydrops resolved in all cases. Delivery occurred at a mean of 33.6 weeks gestation. Post-natal echocardiography revealed cardiac abnormalities in five neonates, of whom three had right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. One preterm infant with severe pulmonary stenosis died with intractable cardiac failure. Conclusion: The majority of hydropic infants with twin,win transfusion syndrome have normal cardiac outcomes following intrauterine laser surgery. As up to one-third may have cardiac abnormalities, cardiological monitoring is recommended during the first year of life. [source]

    Cardiac involvement in infantile Sandhoff disease

    JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 1 2002
    P Venugopalan
    Abstract: An 18-month-old boy with enzyme assay-confirmed infantile Sandhoff disease (MIM 268800) is reported. Besides the classical neurological features, this patient exhibited severe mitral regurgitation secondary to mitral valve prolapse and mild aortic regurgitation from aortic valve prolapse. He also had asymmetric hypertrophy of the interventricular septum without left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. [source]

    Auscultation and echocardiographic findings in Bull Terriers with and without polycystic kidney disease

    AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 5 2005
    CA O'LEARY
    Objective To investigate a possible association between Bull Terrier polycystic kidney disease (BTPKD) and cardiac disease, to determine the prevalence of mitral valve disease (MVD) and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) in the Australian Bull Terrier population, and to compare auscultation and echocardiography in detection of cardiac disease in Bull Terriers. Design Ninety-nine Bull Terriers, ranging in age from 8 weeks to 13 years and 11 months were auscultated and examined using renal ultrasonography; 86 were also examined using echocardiography. The prevalence and severity of heart defects in dogs with BTPKD was compared with that in dogs without BTPKD. Results Nineteen of these 99 dogs were diagnosed with BTPKD. Forty-two percent of Bull Terriers with BTPKD and 28% of those without BTPKD had murmurs characteristic of mitral regurgitation or LVOTO. How recently an animal was descended from an ancestor with BTPKD was associated with presence (P = 0.008) and loudness of a murmur (P = 0.009). Overall, echocardiography detected MVD in 39% of Bull Terriers, with increased prevalence in older animals (P = 0.003). Mitral stenosis was found in eight cases. Fifty-three percent of dogs in this study had evidence of LVOTO, with obstruction consisting of a complex of lesions including dynamic or fixed subvalvular LVOTO, significantly narrowed left ventricular outflow tract or valvular aortic stenosis. Dogs with BTPKD, or those descended from dogs with BTPKD, were more likely to have MVD (P = 0.006), and while LVOTO was not more common in these dogs, if they did have LVOTO, they were more likely to have severe obstruction than dogs with no ancestors with BTPKD (analysed in three ways P = 0.028 to 0.001). In this study, 46% of Bull Terriers without a murmur or arrhythmia had cardiac disease detected on echocardiographic examination. Conclusion Cardiac disease, especially MVD and LVOTO, was common in Bull Terriers in this study, and those with BTPKD had an increased risk of cardiac abnormalities. Auscultation did not detect a significant number of Bull Terriers with cardiac disease. [source]

    An Unusual Manifestation of Tako-tsubo Cardiomyopathy

    CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 5 2008
    Todd A. Dorfman M.D.
    Abstract Takotsubo cardiomyopathy typically presents with chest pain, ST changes, and transient left ventricular apical ballooning in the absence of epicardial coronary artery disease. This process is reversible and usually benign. An unusual manifestation is that of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve. Recognition of this finding is critical in patient management especially in the setting of cardiogenic shock, as inotropes are likely to aggravate and worsen the clinical condition. We provide a systematic review and an illustrative case and discuss treatment strategies. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

    Plasma exchange and heart,liver transplantation in a patient with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

    CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 6 2001
    Jon Offstad
    A female patient born in 1950 underwent plasma exchange and concomitant drug therapy for 20 yr due to homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Plasma exchange reduced total cholesterol levels from 25,30 mmol/L (967,1160 mg/dL) before treatment to 9.5 mmol/L (363 mg/dL) with regression of xanthomas and no side effects of long-term treatment. Due to end-stage calcific left ventricular outflow tract obstruction not amenable to standard valve reconstructive surgery, a combined heart,liver transplantation was successfully performed in 1996. She is without symptoms and living a normal life 4 yr after transplantation. Total cholesterol value is normal (4.7 mmol/L [182 mg/dL]) using a moderate dose of statins. Selective coronary angiography is without signs of graft vascular disease and the liver function is normal. [source]