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Oscillation Period (oscillation + period)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Engineering75%

Selected Abstracts

Ground motion duration effects on nonlinear seismic response

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS, Issue 1 2006
Iunio Iervolino
Abstract The study presented in this paper addresses the question of which nonlinear demand measures are sensitive to ground motion duration by statistical analyses of several case studies. A number of single degree of freedom (SDOF) structures were selected considering: (1) four oscillation periods; (2) three evolutionary and non-evolutionary hysteretic behaviours; (3) two target ductility levels. Effects of duration are investigated, by nonlinear dynamic analysis, with respect to six different demand indices ranging from displacement ductility ratio to equivalent number of cycles. Input is made of six real accelerogram sets representing three specific duration scenarios (small, moderate and large duration). For all considered demand quantities time-history results are formally compared by statistical hypothesis test to asses the difference, if any, in the demand concerning different scenarios. Incremental dynamic analysis curves are used to evaluate duration effect as function of ground motion intensity (e.g. spectral acceleration corresponding to the SDOF's oscillation period). Duration impact on structural failure probability is evaluated by fragility curves. The results lead to the conclusion that duration content of ground motion is statistically insignificant to displacement ductility and cyclic ductility demand. The conclusions hold regardless of SDOF's period and hysteretic relationship investigated. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

A finite element formulation for thermoelastic damping analysis

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING, Issue 6 2009
Enrico Serra
Abstract We present a finite element formulation based on a weak form of the boundary value problem for fully coupled thermoelasticity. The thermoelastic damping is calculated from the irreversible flow of entropy due to the thermal fluxes that have originated from the volumetric strain variations. Within our weak formulation we define a dissipation function that can be integrated over an oscillation period to evaluate the thermoelastic damping. We show the physical meaning of this dissipation function in the framework of the well-known Biot's variational principle of thermoelasticity. The coupled finite element equations are derived by considering harmonic small variations of displacement and temperature with respect to the thermodynamic equilibrium state. In the finite element formulation two elements are considered: the first is a new 8-node thermoelastic element based on the Reissner,Mindlin plate theory, which can be used for modeling thin or moderately thick structures, while the second is a standard three-dimensional 20-node iso-parametric thermoelastic element, which is suitable to model massive structures. For the 8-node element the dissipation along the plate thickness has been taken into account by introducing a through-the-thickness dependence of the temperature shape function. With this assumption the unknowns and the computational effort are minimized. Comparisons with analytical results for thin beams are shown to illustrate the performances of those coupled-field elements. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Ground motion duration effects on nonlinear seismic response

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS, Issue 1 2006
Iunio Iervolino
Abstract The study presented in this paper addresses the question of which nonlinear demand measures are sensitive to ground motion duration by statistical analyses of several case studies. A number of single degree of freedom (SDOF) structures were selected considering: (1) four oscillation periods; (2) three evolutionary and non-evolutionary hysteretic behaviours; (3) two target ductility levels. Effects of duration are investigated, by nonlinear dynamic analysis, with respect to six different demand indices ranging from displacement ductility ratio to equivalent number of cycles. Input is made of six real accelerogram sets representing three specific duration scenarios (small, moderate and large duration). For all considered demand quantities time-history results are formally compared by statistical hypothesis test to asses the difference, if any, in the demand concerning different scenarios. Incremental dynamic analysis curves are used to evaluate duration effect as function of ground motion intensity (e.g. spectral acceleration corresponding to the SDOF's oscillation period). Duration impact on structural failure probability is evaluated by fragility curves. The results lead to the conclusion that duration content of ground motion is statistically insignificant to displacement ductility and cyclic ductility demand. The conclusions hold regardless of SDOF's period and hysteretic relationship investigated. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Optimization of segmented linear Paul traps and transport of stored particles

FORTSCHRITTE DER PHYSIK/PROGRESS OF PHYSICS, Issue 8-10 2006
S. Schulz
Abstract Single ions held in linear Paul traps are promising candidates for a future quantum computer. Here, we discuss a two-layer microstructured segmented linear ion trap. The radial and axial potentials are obtained from numeric field simulations and the geometry of the trap is optimized. As the trap electrodes are segmented in the axial direction, the trap allows the transport of ions between different spatial regions. Starting with realistic numerically obtained axial potentials, we optimize the transport of an ion such that the motional degrees of freedom are not excited, even though the transport speed far exceeds the adiabatic regime. In our optimization we achieve a transport within roughly two oscillation periods in the axial trap potential compared to typical adiabatic transports that take of the order 102 oscillations. Furthermore heating due to quantum mechanical effects is estimated and suppression strategies are proposed. [source]