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Organ Metastases (organ + metastase)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Extraorbital Sebaceous Carcinoma With Rapidly Developing Visceral Metastases

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 9 2003
Deniz Güney Duman MD
Background. Extraorbital sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare carcinoma of the skin but is known to have a good prognosis in terms of metastasis and survival. Objective. To discuss and emphasize through the clinical and histopathologic findings and the aggressive potential of extraorbital SC and to review the corresponding literature. Methods. We present an unusual form of extraorbital SC that has followed an aggressive course and that has metastasized rapidly. Results. Local excision of the primary cutaneous tumor with negative margins did not prevent the rapid and fatal internal organ metastases. The patient did not benefit from the docetaxel chemotherapy regimen applied after the distant metastases were developed. Conclusion. Extraorbital SC may show a poor prognosis. Both the dermatologic surgeon and the dermatologist should be cautious of the risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis when dealing with extraorbital SC. [source]

Oncological outcome of retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 5 2006
TAKATSUGU OKEGAWA
Objective:, To report the oncological outcome of retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy (RNU) with bladder cuff excision for upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), and to compare the outcome with that of the traditional open nephroureterectomy (ONU). Patients and methods:, From January 2001, 48 patients with upper urinary tract TCC were enrolled in the study; 25 had RNU and 23 had ONU. Oncological parameters (disease-free survival and disease-specific survival) were calculated from the time of surgery to the date of last follow up and were analysed by the Kaplan,Meier method. Results:, Mean follow up was 24.3 months in the RNU group, significantly shorter than in the ONU group. Bladder recurrence was identified in two patients with grade 3 pathological stage pT3, one patient with grade 3 stage pT2 disease and two patients with grade 2 stage pT2 disease. Multiple organ metastases in the lung, liver and lymph nodes were associated with bladder recurrence in two cases (grade 2 stage pT3, and grade 3 stage pT3). The recurrence rate was 20% (5 of 25 cases) and mean time to recurrence was 9.5 months. In the ONU group, bladder recurrence and metastases developed in four and three patients, respectively. The recurrence rate was 17% (4 of 23 cases) and mean time to recurrence was 23.4 months. No significant difference was detected in the disease-free survival rate and cancer-specific survival rate between the two groups (P = 0.759 and P = 0.866, respectively). Conclusion:, The oncological outcome of RNU appears to be equivalent to that of ONU. Moreover, long-term follow up is necessary to evaluate the oncological outcome in comparison to ONU. [source]

The incremental effect of positron emission tomography on diagnostic accuracy in the initial staging of esophageal carcinoma

CANCER, Issue 1 2005
Hiroyuki Kato M.D., Ph.D.
Abstract BACKGROUND The purpose of the current study was to assess whether [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) provides incremental value (e.g., additional information on lymph node involvement or the presence of distant metastases) compared with computed tomography (CT) in patients with esophageal carcinoma. METHODS The authors examined 149 consecutive patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma. Eighty-one patients underwent radical esophagectomy without pretreatment, 17 received chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery, 3 underwent endoscopic mucosal resection, and the remaining 48 patients received definitive radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET and CT was evaluated at the time of diagnosis. RESULTS The primary tumor was visualized using FDG-PET in 119 (80%) of 149 patients. Regarding lymph node metastases, FDG-PET had 32% sensitivity, 99% specificity, and 93% accuracy for individual lymph node group evaluation and 55% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and 72% accuracy for lymph node staging evaluation. PET exhibited incremental value over CT with regard to lymph node status in 14 of 98 patients who received surgery: 6 patients with negative CT findings were eventually shown to have lymph node metastases (i.e., they had positive PET findings and a positive reference standard [RS]); 6 patients with positive CT findings were shown not to have lymph node metastases (i.e., they had negative PET findings and a negative RS); and 2 patients were shown to have cervical lymph node metastases in addition to mediastinal or abdominal lymph node metastases. Among the remaining patients, PET showed incremental value over CT with regard to distant organ metastases in six patients. The overall incremental value of PET compared with CT with regard to staging accuracy was 14% (20 of 149 patients). CONCLUSIONS FDG-PET provided incremental value over CT in the initial staging of esophageal carcinoma. At present, combined PET-CT may be the most effective method available for the preoperative staging of esophageal tumors. Cancer 2005. © 2004 American Cancer Society. [source]

From tumor lymphangiogenesis to lymphvascular niche

CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2009
Satoshi Hirakawa
Metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes indicates the initial spread of tumors from a primary site. The recent discovery of tumor-associated growth of lymphatic vessels clarified that tumor lymphangiogenesis actively promotes enhanced draining/sentinel lymph node metastasis. Studies of experimental carcinogenesis have further established that tumors continue to induce lymphangiogenesis in metastatic foci such as draining lymph nodes. Lymphangiogenesis within draining lymph nodes probably contributes to enhanced distant lymph node and distant organ metastases. Lymph node lymphangiogenesis has recently been identified in several human malignancies, such as cutaneous malignant melanoma. Tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis thus has potential significance not only at the primary site, but also in lymph nodes. Primary tumors induce new lymphatic vessel growth in draining lymph nodes before metastasis. The remarkable enlargement of sinusoidal lymphatic endothelium might facilitate tumor cell transport to the lymph nodes, and potentially contribute to the migration, residence, and/or survival of metastatic tumor cancer stem cells by inducing a specific tumor microenvironment. Therefore, the novel concept of ,lymphvascular niche' is proposed herein to explain lymphatic network expansion. This concept might help to improve understanding of the molecular mechanism of lymph node metastasis, and change therapeutic approaches to treating cancer metastasis. (Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 983,989) [source]