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One Sector (one + sector)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	80%

Selected Abstracts

Industrial Clusters: Equilibrium, Welfare and Policy

ECONOMICA, Issue 284 2004
Victor D. Norman
This paper studies the size and number of industrial clusters that arise in a multi-country world in which one sector has a propensity to cluster because of increasing returns to scale. Equilibrium will generally have smaller clusters than the world welfare optimum, and possibly too many countries with a cluster. Countries have an incentive to use policy to attract an industrial cluster, but the equilibrium of the policy game between governments coincides with the world optimum so there is no ,race to the bottom'. Capping subsidy rates would lead to a proliferation of too many and too small clusters. [source]

Cross-Sectoral Patterns of Efficiency and Technical Change in Manufacturing

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 1 2001
Gary Koop
This article uses data from 11 countries for 19 years to investigate the forces driving output change in 6 manufacturing sectors. A flexible model is adopted that allows for the decomposition of output changes into three types of change: technical, efficiency, and input. This framework allows, among other things, for the investigation of (1) the relative roles of the three components of output growth in each sector, (2) the manner in which efficiency change moves over the business cycle, and (3) potential technical spillovers from one sector to another. [source]

Monetary Policy in a Forward-Looking Input,Output Economy

JOURNAL OF MONEY, CREDIT AND BANKING, Issue 4 2009
BRAD E. STRUM
inflation targeting; price-level targeting; intermediate goods This paper examines the implications for monetary policy of sticky prices in both final and intermediate goods in a New Keynesian model. Both optimal policy under commitment and discretionary policy under simple loss functions are studied. Household utility losses under alternative loss functions are compared; additionally, the robustness of policy performance to model and shock misperceptions and parameter uncertainty is examined. Targeting inflation in both consumer and intermediate goods performs better than targeting inflation in one sector; targeting price levels of both final and intermediate goods performs significantly better. Moreover, targeting price levels in both sectors yields superior robustness properties. [source]

Burnout in Australasian Younger Fellows

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 9 2009
Sarah Benson
Abstract Background:, Burnout is the state of prolonged physical, emotional and psychological exhaustion characteristic of individuals working in human service occupations. This study examines the prevalence of burnout among Younger Fellows of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons and its relationship to demographic variables. Methods:, In March 2008, a survey was sent via email to 1287 Younger Fellows. This included demographic questions, a measure of burnout (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory), and an estimate of social desirability (Marlowe,Crowne Social Desirability Scale , Form C). Results:, Females exhibited higher levels of personal burnout (P < 0.001) and work-related burnout (P < 0.025), but no significant difference in patient-related burnout. Younger Fellows in hospitals with less than 50 beds reported significantly higher patient-related burnout levels (mean burnout 37.0 versus 22.1 in the rest, P= 0.004). An equal work division between public and private practice resulted in higher work-related burnout than concentration of work in one sector (P < 0.05). Younger Fellows working more than 60 hours per week reported significantly higher personal burnout than those who worked less than this (P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between age, country of practice, surgical specialty and any of the burnout subscales. Conclusion:, Female surgeons, surgeons that work in smaller hospitals, those that work more than 60 h per week, and those with practice division between the private and public sectors, are at a particularly high risk of burnout. Further enquiry into potentially remediable causes for the increased burnout in these groups is indicated. [source]

Internal Wage Structures and Organizational Performance

BRITISH JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, Issue 1 2003
P. B. Beaumont
This paper considers whether a hierarchical or compressed wage structure is positively associated with relatively high levels of organizational performance. To date, there has been little empirical research in this area (especially in the UK). Thus we present an operational measure of a compressed/hierarchical wage structure, using UK manufacturing micro,data in five industrial sectors, and examine its relationship with labour productivity. We find that the wage compression argument holds in one sector but not for the majority of sectors and that taking into account other, intra,industry characteristics, namely size and ownership differences, further weakens the relationship. [source]