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One Context (one + context)
Selected AbstractsPharmacotherapy to Blunt Memories of Sexual Violence: What's a Feminist to Think?HYPATIA, Issue 3 2010ELISA A. HURLEY It has recently been discovered that propranolol,a beta-blocker traditionally used to treat cardiac arrhythmias and hypertension,might disrupt the formation of the emotionally disturbing memories that typically occur in the wake of traumatic events and consequently prevent the onset of trauma-induced psychological injuries such as Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. One context in which the use of propranolol is generating interest in both the popular and scientific press is sexual violence. Nevertheless, feminists have so far not weighed in on propranolol. I suggest that the time is ripe for a careful feminist analysis of the moral and political implications of propranolol use in the context of sexual violence. In this paper, I map the feminist issues potentially raised by providing propranolol to victims of sexual assault, focusing in particular on the compatibility of propranolol use and availability with an understanding of the social and systematic dimensions of rape's harms. I do not deliver a final verdict on propranolol; in fact, I show that we do not yet have enough information about propranolol's effects to do so. Rather, I provide a feminist framework for evaluating the possibilities and perils opened up by therapeutic memory manipulation in the context of sexual violence against women. [source] The politics of British union in 1642 and the purpose of civil war pamphlets*HISTORICAL RESEARCH, Issue 210 2007Jason Peacey This article demonstrates that there is more than one context in which to place early modern polemical pamphlets, and by submitting one particular tract from 1642 to intellectual, political and bibliographical contextualization, it highlights the implications for our understanding of a particular work's ,meaning' and purpose. By means of a close textual reading, as well as a detailed archival examination of ,three kingdoms' political manoeuvring, and examination of copy-specific information, it indicates that early modern politicians had a subtle understanding of the utility of print, and of the need to reach out to different political audiences in different ways. [source] What sources contribute to variance in observer ratings?INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 3 2008Using generalizability theory to assess construct validity of psychological measures Abstract Cronbach and Meehl (Psychol. Bull. 1955; 52:281,302) stated that the key question to be addressed when assessing construct validity is ,What sources contribute to variance in test performance?' We illustrate the utility of generalizability theory (GT) as a conceptual framework that encourages psychological researchers to address this question and as a flexible set of analytic tools that can provide answers to inform both substantive theory and measurement practice. To illustrate these capabilities, we analyze observer ratings of 27 caregiver,child dyads, focusing on the importance of situational (contextual) factors as sources of variance in observer ratings of caregiver,child behaviors. Cross-situational consistency was relatively low for the categories of behavior analyzed, indicating that dyads vary greatly in their interactional patterns from one situation to the next, so that it is difficult to predict behavioral frequencies in one context from behaviors observed in a different context. Our findings suggest that single-situation behavioral measures may have limited generalizability, either to behavior in other contexts or as measures of global interaction tendencies. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and measurement design in developmental psychology. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] What is Genetic Information, and why is it Significant?JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHILOSOPHY, Issue 1 2006A Contextual, Approach, Contrastive abstract Is genetic information of special ethical significance? Does it require special regulation? There is considerable contemporary debate about this question (the ,genetic exceptionalism' debate). ,Genetic information' is an ambiguous term and, as an aid to avoiding conflation in the genetic exceptionalism debate, a detailed account is given of just how and why ,genetic information' is ambiguous. Whilst ambiguity is a ubiquitous problem of communication, it is suggested that ,genetic information' is ambiguous in a particular way, one that gives rise to the problem of ,significance creep' (i.e., where claims about the significance of certain kinds of genetic information in one context influence our thinking about the significance of other kinds of genetic information in other contexts). A contextual and contrastive methodology is proposed: evaluating the significance of genetic information requires us to be sensitive to the polysemy of ,genetic information' across contexts and then examine the contrast in significance (if any) of genetic, as opposed to nongenetic, information within contexts. This, in turn, suggests that a proper solution to the regulatory question requires us to pay more attention to how and why information, and its acquisition, possession and use, come to be of ethical significance. [source] ANTHROPOS AND ETHICS Categories of Inquiry and Procedures of ComparisonJOURNAL OF RELIGIOUS ETHICS, Issue 2 2005Thomas A. Lewis ABSTRACT Building on influential work in virtue ethics, this collection of essays examines the categories of self, person, and anthropology as foci for comparative analysis. The papers unite reflections on theory and method with descriptive work that addresses thinkers from the modern West, Christian and Jewish Late Antiquity, early China, and other settings. The introduction sets out central methodological issues that are subsequently taken up in each essay, including the origin of the categories through which comparison proceeds, the status of these categories in the process of comparison, and the goals of comparison. In considering the question of goals, the introduction draws connections between comparative study and historical study within one tradition. Both types of analysis can bridge the gap between historical and normative work by attending to the ways in which the questions a scholar asks,not just the answers found,vary from one context to another. [source] VIII,Cognitive Expressivism, Faultless Disagreement, and Absolute but Non -Objective TruthPROCEEDINGS OF THE ARISTOTELIAN SOCIETY (HARDBACK), Issue 2pt2 2010Stephen Barker I offer a new theory of faultless disagreement, according to which truth is absolute (non-relative) but can still be non-objective. What's relative is truth-aptness: a sentence like ,Vegemite is tasty' (V) can be truth-accessible and bivalent in one context but not in another. Within a context in which V fails to be bivalent, we can affirm that there is no issue of truth or falsity about V, still disputants, affirming and denying V, were not at fault, since, in their context of assertion V was bivalent. This theory requires a theory of assertion that is a form of cognitive expressivism. [source] | ||||||||||