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One Being (one + being)
Selected AbstractsA Percutaneous Approach to Eyebrow Lift: The Salvadorean OptionDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 8 2003Enrique Hernandez-Perez MD Background Surgical eyebrow lift can result in a number of complications. A nonsurgical simple method of lifting the brow is presented. Objective To raise the eyebrows using a simple, quick, and noninvasive approach. Methods Twenty-nine patients, 27 women and 2 men, whose ages varied from 24 to 56 years (mean of 32 years) were included in the study. Preoperative and postoperative photographs were taken. In two patients, brow suspension was performed at the time of blepharoplasty. Informed consent was signed by all of the patients. For measuring the degree of satisfaction of the patients, we gave to them a sheet grading it from one to three (with one being the least satisfactory). Local anesthesia (1% lidocaine, 1:400,000 epinephrine), a conveniently sized Keith needle, and prolene 3/0 sutures were used. Results Satisfying results were obtained in all cases. The only problem encountered in two patients was temporary edema, and it settled in a few days. Conclusion This is a very simple, quick, and noncomplicated method of raising the eyebrows. It can be repeated, revised easily, or combined with other modalities, such as peels, topical tretinoin, oral isotretinoin, fat injection, Goretex, and Botox as part of a facial rejuvenation program. [source] QT Interval Correction in Patients with CirrhosisJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 1 2007ANDREA ZAMBRUNI M.D. Introduction: QT interval prolongation is a common electrophysiological abnormality in patients with cirrhosis. As QT interval varies with the heart rate, many QT correction formulas have been proposed, the Bazett's one being the most criticized because it overcorrects the QT interval and may be misleading. This study focused on the QT-RR relationship in patients with cirrhosis to derive a population-specific QT correction formula. Methods: One hundred cirrhotic patients of different etiology and severity and 53 healthy controls comparable for age and sex were enrolled. The QT-RR relationship was analyzed in patients by five regression analysis models to derive the population-specific QT-RR equation. The QTc was calculated and compared with those calculated by four common QT correction formulas (Bazett, Fridericia, Framingham, and Hodges). The correlation coefficient QTc-RR was calculated as a measure of the independence of QTc from the original RR interval. Results: In patients the QT-RR relationship was best described by the power equation "QT = 453.65 × RR1/3.02" (R2= 0.41), similar to the Fridericia's formula. Bazett's formula led to the longest QTc (P < 0.0001), which was still significantly influenced by the RR interval (R =,0.39; P < 0.0001), while the estimated equation led to a QTc value not influenced by RR (R =,0.014). Conclusion: Bazett's correction should be avoided in patients with cirrhosis because it still provides a rate-dependent QTc value and might be misleading, particularly when assessing the overall preoperative cardiac risk and the effect of drugs affecting the QT interval. In its place, our formula or that of Fridericia can be confidently employed. [source] Analysis of the Defibrillation Efficacy for 5-ms WaveformsJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 4 2004DONGXU GUAN Ph.D. Introduction: Empirical studies have shown that biphasic defibrillation waveforms are more efficacious than monophasic waveforms. However, a more systematic approach to waveform development might be more productive. This study tested 147 multiphasic waveforms uniformly sampled from all possible 5-ms waveforms. Methods and Results: One hundred ninety-eight guinea pigs (850,1,050 g) received 30 episodes of ventricular fibrillation followed by transthoracic defibrillation. The first 10 shocks were used to determine the ED50 for a biphasic control. Then, 20 waveforms including 2 controls were tested once at the ED50. Of the 147 waveforms tested here, 21 waveforms showed equivalent or greater efficacies than the biphasic control, with one being statistically more efficacious (P < 0.05). Two fundamental assumptions were addressed: (1) similarly efficacious waveforms are analytically similar, and (2) a single optimal waveform can be described. The mean percentage of similarly efficacious waveforms with similar shapes was greater than zero in the most efficacious 21 waveforms (P = 0.023), but less efficacious waveforms showed randomly distributed shapes. Cluster analysis revealed that the best waveforms share a major phase containing most of the defibrillation energy. The optimal waveform shape extrapolated from the sample waveforms was a 2.5/1-ms biphasic-type waveform (highest correlation r = 0.701, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This work supports the assumption that efficacious waveforms are similarly shaped and the notion that one single optimum exists. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 15, pp. 447-454, April 2004) [source] Jacobian mapping between vertical coordinate systems in data assimilationTHE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Issue 627 2007Y. J. Rochon Abstract Radiances measured by remote-sensing instruments are now the largest component of the atmospheric observation network. The assimilation of radiances from nadir sounders involves fast radiative transfer (RT) models which project profiles provided by forecast models onto the observation space for direct comparison with the measurements. One of the features typically characterizing fast RT models is the use of a fixed vertical coordinate. If the vertical coordinate of the RT model is not identical to that used by the forecast model, an interpolation of forecast profiles to the RT model coordinate is necessary. In variational data assimilation, the mapping of the Jacobians (derivatives of the RT model output with respect to its inputs) from the RT model coordinate to the forecast model coordinate is also required. This mapping of Jacobians is accomplished through the adjoint of the forecast profile interpolator. As shown, the nearest-neighbour log-linear interpolator commonly used operationally can lead to incorrect mapping of Jacobians and, consequently, to incorrect assimilation. This incorrect mapping occurs as a result of leaving out intermediate levels in the interpolation. This problem has been previously masked in part through the smoothing effect of forecast-error vertical correlations on the analysis increments. To solve this problem, two simple versions of an interpolator relying on piecewise log-linear weighted averaging over the layers are investigated. Both markedly improve Jacobian mappings in the assimilation of observations, with one being slightly favoured over the other. This interpolator is being incorporated into the RTTOV model used by several operational weather forecasting centres. Copyright © 2007 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A new photobioreactor for continuous microalgal production in hatcheries based on external-loop airlift and swirling flowBIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOENGINEERING, Issue 1 2009Karine Loubière Abstract This study deals with the scale of a new photobioreactor for continuous microalgal production in hatcheries. The combination of the state-of-art with the constraints inherent to hatcheries has turned the design into a closed, artificially illuminated and external-loop airlift configuration based on a succession of elementary modules, each one being composed of two transparent vertical interconnected columns. The liquid circulation is ensured pneumatically (air injections) with respect to a swirling motion (tangential inlets). A single module of the whole photobioreactor was built-up to scale its geometry (diameter and length) and to optimize its design (air sparger, tangential inlets). The volumetric productivities were predicted by modeling radiative transfer and growth of Isochrysis affinis galbana (clone Tahiti). The hydrodynamics of the liquid phase was modeled in terms of global flow behavior (circulation and mixing times, Péclet number) and of swirling motion decay along the column (Particle Image Velocimetry). The aeration performances were determined by overall volumetric mass transfer measurements. Continuous cultures of Isochrysis affinis galbana (clone Tahiti) were run in two geometrical configurations, generating either an axial or a swirling flow. Lastly, the definitive options of design are presented as well as a 120-L prototype, currently implemented in a French mollusk hatchery and commercialized. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 132,147. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||