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Obtained Products (obtained + products)
Selected AbstractsSynthesis of highly-ordered hierarchical ZnO nanostructures and their application in dye-sensitized solar cellsCRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 10 2010Y. F. Zhu Abstract In order to improve the performance of ZnO-based solar cells, highly-ordered hierarchical ZnO nanostructures were design and fabricated. The hierarchical nanostructures were grown on FTO (fluorine doped tin oxide, SnO2:F) glass substrates via a facile, low-temperature, and low-cost chemical route. The morphology and structure of the obtained products has been confirmed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements. The performance investigation of the prepared dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) demonstrates that the hierarchical ZnO nanostructure-based solar cell shows a higher short-circuit current density compared with the ZnO nanowire counterpart. The enhanced current density may be due to the fact that the surface area of the hierarchical nanostructures is increased. These results indicate that hierarchical ZnO nanostructures are more suitable for the application as photoelectrode of DSSCs. (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] An Asymmetric Approach towards (,)-Aphanorphine and Its AnaloguesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2009Pavel A. Donets Abstract A short enantioselective approach towards the alkaloid(,)-aphanorphine and its substituted analogues is described. The enantiomerically pure starting material for the synthesis was obtained by asymmetric hydrogenation in the presence of the Rh,(S)-PipPhos complex. Microwave-assisted Heckcyclization selectively provided the seven-membered 3-benzazepine ring. Further, the assembly of the tricyclic core of the alkaloid was accomplished by intramolecular radical cyclization. The X-ray structure confirming the absolute configuration of the obtained products is described. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] MIXTURES OF BEEF TRIPE, BEEF LIVER AND SOYBEANS APPLIED TO FOOD DEVELOPMENTJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 3 2007L. MALVESTITI ABSTRACT A nutritive sausage-type product was developed with beef tripe, beef liver and soybeans as ingredients. A three-component mixture design was used to obtain seven different formulations (minimum of each main ingredient: 16.5%, maximum: 67.0%). Ingredients were ground, mixed and packed tightly with a polypropylene film to obtain a roll. Pieces were cooked in boiling water for 90 min. The composition of the obtained products varied within the following ranges: proteins 17.32,25.56 g/100 g, lipids 3.22,3.87 g/100 g, crude fiber 1.50,4.50 g/100 g, minerals 1.44,2.72 g/100 g. Total iron levels varied between 1.39 and 2.98 mg/100 g and calcium levels between 15.07 and 34.01 mg/100 g. Surface response analysis was applied to parameters obtained from texture profile analysis (hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness and elasticity). Products hardness increased when the soy content increased; on the contrary, formulations enriched in beef tripe were those of higher elasticity and cohesiveness. Color was mainly determined by the incorporation of liver. A nontrained panel was used to evaluate the acceptance of the different formulations. The most accepted one was that with equal proportions of the three main ingredients. Microbiological challenge testing showed that the thermal treatment was enough for assuring the product safeness even in samples with high initial microbial charge. [source] A study of the reaction between 2,4-disubstituted-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepines and ketenes generated in situ from chloro and dichloroacetyl chloridesJOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 3 2001Qi-Yi Xing In the presence of triethyl amine, the reaction of 2,4-disubstituted-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzothiazepine with chloro and dichloroacetyl chlorides produced not only the expected ,-lactam derivative of the benzo-thiazepine, but also the ring opening product. Different results were obtained when the substituent at 2-position of the benxothiazepine varied from methyl to aryl, and the substituent on the chloroacetyl chloride varied from H to Cl, or when carrying out the reaction at different temperatures. The structures of the obtained products and the reaction mechanism are discussed. [source] Interaction of silicic acid with poly(1-vinylimidazole)JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 2 2006V. V. Annenkov Abstract Poly(1-vinylimidazole) reacts with silicic acid and poly(silicic acid), giving rise to water-soluble complexes and insoluble composites because of hydrogen bonding. The composition, structure, and morphology of the obtained products have been studied with elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The main direction of the reaction depends not only on the initial ratio of the components, concentration, and pH but also on the sequence of the reagent mixing: the presence of poly(1-vinylimidazole) macromolecules during the formation of silicic acid stabilizes soluble complexes, which precipitate with an excess of H4SiO4 only. These soluble complexes may serve as a pattern of particles responsible for the transport of silicic acid in diatom algae and other organisms that assimilate silicon from the environment. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 820,827, 2006 [source] | ||||||||||