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Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (oesophageal + squamous_cell_carcinoma)
Selected AbstractsRecent incidence trends and sociodemographic features of oesophageal and gastric cancer types in an English regionALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 8 2009C. GAJPERIA Aliment Pharmacol Ther,30, 873,880 Summary Background, Oesophageal and gastric cancers comprise various common tumour types with possible different aetiology and historically different incidence trends. Aim, To enhance and update evidence about the descriptive epidemiology of oesophageal and gastric cancers. Methods, Population-based information from the East of England was available on 16 319 (65% male) incident cases of oesophago-gastric cancer (ICD-10 C150,169) diagnosed during 1995,2006. Age-standardized incidence trends by gender and deprivation groups and sex ratios were compared for four different tumour types [oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC), junctional/cardia adenocarcinoma (JCA), and non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma (NCGA)]. Results, Between 1995,1997 and 2004,2006, the age-standardized incidence of OAC and JCA increased slightly (by 4% and 6% in men and 17% and 8% in women respectively), with a sex ratio >4 for both. Conversely, OSCC and NCGA incidence decreased (,20% and ,32% in men and ,15% and ,26% in women respectively), with sex ratio of <2 for both. In men, OSCC and NCGA incidence was associated with increasing deprivation. Conclusions, Within the study context, there was a modest rise in OAC and JCA incidence. OAC and JCA share common incidence trends and sociodemographic features (contrasting with those of OSCC and NCGA cancers). [source] Meta-analysis: clinicopathological and prognostic significance of cyclooxygenase-2 expression on oesophageal squamous cell carinomaALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 6 2009L. LI Summary Background, Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in oesophageal carcinogenesis, but the clinical and prognostic significance of COX-2 expression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains controversial. Aim, To evaluate the clinicopathological and prognostic role of COX-2 expression in ESCC. Methods, Studies assessing clinical or prognostic significance of COX-2 expression in ESCC published until December 2008 were selected. A meta-analysis was performed to clarify the impact of COX-2 expression on clinicopathological parameters or overall survival (OS) in ESCC. Results, A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria, among which 17 studies were about the clinicopathological significance of COX-2 expression in ESCC, 12 studies were dealing with prognostic role of COX-2 expression in ESCC and 10 studies evaluated both of them. Overexpression of COX-2 was significantly correlated with not only the depth of invasion and TNM stage, with a combined odds ratio (OR) of 0.55 (95%CI: 0.34,0.90, Z = 2.41, P = 0.02) and 0.55 (95%CI: 0.32,0.95, Z = 2.13, P = 0.03) respectively but also the reduced OS with relative risk (RR) 1.42, 95% CI: 1.07,1.90, Z = 2.43, P = 0.02). Conclusions, COX-2 might play an important role in the progress of ESCC, overexpression of COX-2 correlates with not only the depth of invasion and TNM stage but also the reduced OS. COX-2 might be a potential therapy target for ESCC and work as a prognostic factor for ESCC patients, yet the clinicopathological and prognostic role of COX-2 in ESCC still needs further confirmation by well-designed prospective studies. [source] Do low control response rates always affect the findings?AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 4 2009Assessments of smoking, obesity in two Australian case-control studies of cancer Abstract Objective: Participation rates have been declining in case-control studies, particularly among controls, raising concerns about possible bias. Formal assessments of the effect of low participation on odds ratios (OR) are seldom presented however. We sought to quantify possible bias using multiple imputation techniques. Methods: Using data from two Australian case-control studies, we estimated the relative risks of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and adenocarcinoma (OAC), and serous ovarian cancer (SOC) associated with smoking and body mass index (BMI). We compared ORs observed using self-reported data from participating controls with ORs derived using imputed exposures for non-participating controls. Results: Participating controls were less likely than non-participants to smoke currently. Smoking remained significantly associated with oesophageal cancer even under the most extreme assumption of smoking prevalence among non-participants (OSCC: observed OR 6.54, 4.62-9.28, imputed OR 3.94, 2.83-5.49; OAC: observed OR 2.69, 1.87-3.85 imputed OR 1.58, 1.13-2.22). For SOC however, risks associated with smoking were attenuated to null under plausible smoking assumptions among non-participants. BMI distributions were similar among participating and non-participating controls, and risk estimates were essentially unchanged. Conclusion and implications: Bias is not an inevitable consequence of low control participation and depends on the association examined. Sensitivity analyses can assist in interpretation of results. [source] Impact of preoperative radiochemotherapy on postoperative course and survival in patients with locally advanced squamous cell oesophageal carcinoma,BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 9 2006C. Mariette Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) on postoperative complications and survival after surgery for locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Postoperative course and survival were compared in 144 patients who had neoadjuvant RCT and 80 control patients who had surgery alone for locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (radiological stage T3, N0 or N1, M0). Results: The two groups were comparable in terms of American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, age, sex, weight loss, tumour location, presence of lymph node metastasis and surgical approach. Postoperative mortality rates were 6·3 and 9 per cent (P = 0·481), with morbidity rates of 40·3 and 41 per cent (P = 0·887) in the RCT and control group respectively. Complete resection (R0) rates were 74·3 and 48 per cent respectively (P < 0·001). Significant downstaging was observed in the RCT group (P < 0·001), with 16·0 per cent of patients having a complete pathological response. Median survival was 29 versus 15 months, and the 5-year survival rate 37 versus 17 per cent (P = 0·002) in RCT and control groups respectively. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant RCT significantly enhanced R0 resection and survival rates in patients with stage T3 oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, with no increase in postoperative mortality and morbidity rates. Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Prediction of the response to chemoradiation and prognosis in oesophageal squamous cancerBRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 5 2002K. Kishi Background: The sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiation therapy depends on various biological properties. This study investigated the expression of p53, CDC25B and metallothionein (MT), and evaluated their clinical significance in chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: The expression of p53, CDC25B and MT was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using biopsy specimens taken before CRT for 77 patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and correlated with the pathological effects of CRT and survival. Results: p53-positive tumours and MT-positive tumours had a poor response to CRT, whereas tumours with strong CDC25B expression were associated with a good response. When each patient was scored for the presence of the three biological factors, there was a strong correlation between the sensitivity score and the pathological effect of CRT (P < 0·001), and a (non-significant) difference in the 5-year survival rate between patients with a high score and those with a low score (67 versus 34 per cent respectively; P = 0·12). Conclusion: The combined evaluation of p53, CDC25B and MT may help to identify patients with advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma who will benefit from preoperative CRT. © 2002 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd [source] Molecular genetic analysis of the BRCA2 tumor suppressor gene region in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomasJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2008Sarah E. Gray Background:, Germ line mutations of the BRCA2 tumor suppressor gene with subsequent loss of the remaining wild-type BRCA2 allele have been identified in up to 35% of familial breast cancer cases. A high frequency of allelic loss at the BRCA2 gene locus has also been reported in a variety of sporadic epithelial tumors including oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), and sporadic head and neck SCC. Aim:, The present study aimed to examine the integrity of the BRCA2 gene in cutaneous SCC. Materials and methods:, Allelic imbalance/loss of heterozygosity (AI/LOH) was examined in 22 histologically confirmed cutaneous SCC at two microsatellite markers, D13S260 (centromeric to the BRCA2 gene) and D13S267 (telomeric to the BRCA2 gene). Immunohistochemical analysis of BRCA2 protein expression was also examined in the cutaneous SCC. Results:, AI/LOH at the D13S260 locus was found in eight of the 19 informative SCC, and AI/LOH at the D13S267 locus was found in 12 of the 18 informative SCC. Seven SCC showed allelic loss at both markers, and six SCC showed retention of heterozygosity at both markers. Expression of BRCA2 protein was only detected in six of the normal epidermises and three of the 21 SCC examined. Conclusion:, AI/LOH of the BRCA2 gene region was found to be common in the cutaneous SCC. [source] | ||||||||||