Nigerian Population (nigerian + population)

Distribution by Scientific Domains


Selected Abstracts


Zygomatic complex fractures in a suburban Nigerian population

DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2005
Vincent Ugboko
Abstract,,, A retrospective analysis of 128 zygomatic complex fractures was undertaken. There were 109 males (85.2%) and 19 females (14.8%), aged 3,74 years (mean ± SD, 33 ± 12.6 years). Patients in the third decade of life (38.3%) recorded the highest incidence. Road traffic accidents (74.2%) mainly from automobile (61.7%) and motorcycle (9.4%) involvement were the predominant etiology. While 38.8% of them presented within the first 24 h, males were relatively earlier than their female counterparts, although this was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Class 3 fractures were the commonest (50%), followed by classes 2 (zygomatic arch) and 4, respectively. Most class 6 fractures (6.3%) resulted from gunshot injuries. There were 116 unilateral (left 63, right 53) and 12 bilateral fractures with the right side of the face recording more zygomatic arch fractures. In addition, statistical significance was observed between etiology, class and type of fracture (P < 0.05). One hundred and twenty-four (136 fractures) patients were available for treatment as four declined. Twelve cases did not require treatment while others were managed by either closed or open reduction under general anesthesia. Gillies' temporal approach was the commonest (57.1%) surgical technique employed. However the unstable nature of the fractures necessitated open reduction and transosseous wiring in 33 cases. The high prevalence of zygomatic complex fractures arising from vehicular accidents reflects the poor status of the road network in rural and suburban Nigerian communities. Hence government should improve on existing infrastructures, decongest the highways and enforce traffic laws amongst road users. In addition, the need to encourage massive investments in safer alternative transport systems is emphasized. [source]


A survey of amalgam restorations in a south-western Nigerian population

JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 3 2002
A. O. Oginni
The present survey assessed the proportion of replacement restorations in comparison with new restorations because of primary caries in a setting where the caries experience had been reported to be low but probably on the increase. Also the relative importance of the main reasons for the replacements among other things was established. A total of 488 amalgam restorations were surveyed. About 25% of all restorations were replacements of failed restorations. The main reason for the replacement was bulk amalgam fracture, which accounted for 47,1% of all restorations. These show a reversal of what had been reported in settings where the caries experience was high but now is on the decrease. The importance of bitewing radiograph of all failed restorations was emphasized in order to minimize under or over treatment. The median age of failed restorations was 5,0 years. More than half (60,3%) of replaced restorations had failed during the first 5 years of use. [source]


Influence of duration of sexual cohabitation on the risk of hypertension in nulliparous parturients in Ibadan: A cohort study

AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
Oladapo OLAYEMI
Background:, Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are an important cause of maternal mortality in this environment, it accounts for about 20% of all maternal deaths in pregnancy in Nigeria. Aim:, This study aims to determine the effect of the length of sexual cohabitation on the development of hypertension in pregnancy in a Nigerian population. Materials and methods:, The study was a prospective cohort study; three centres were involved in the study between July 2006 and February 2009. For this study, the main outcome variable was the development of Hypertension in pregnancy. The main explanatory variable was the length of preconception sexual cohabitation. Univariate analysis was by t test, chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test for continuous and categorical variables. Multivariate analysis was by Cox hazard regression Results:, In the study population, the incidence of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia were 28.93% and 4.13% respectively, 29.64% had previous abortions and same paternity abortion rate was 25.92%. Length of sexual cohabitation before index pregnancy was protective against hypertension in pregnancy but not for pre-eclampsia; there was a 4% decrease in the risk of developing hypertension for every month increase in cohabitation (hazard ratio, HR 0.96 (95% CI 0.93,0.99)). Also protective in this model was same paternity abortion with a HR of 0.71 (95% CI 0.55,0.93). A previous abortion was not protective (HR 1.05 (95% CI 0.82,1.35)). Conclusion:, It was concluded that increased length of sexual cohabitation prior to conception reduces the risk of gestational hypertension. [source]


Prevalence of depression among adults in Oyo State, Nigeria: A comparative study of rural and urban communities

AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 3 2007
Olorunfemi Amoran
Abstract Objective:,This study was designed to assess the current prevalence of depression in Oyo State, Nigeria and the rural,urban variation in prevalence. Setting:,This is a two-phase community-based cross-sectional study. The urban areas selected for the study are the Ibadan North-West and Egbeda local government areas. The rural area selected was the Saki-East local government area. Participants:,A total of 1105 participants were recruited into the study. Multistage sampling technique was used to obtain a representative sample of the participants from the communities in Oyo State. The study was conducted using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire, and the general health questionnaire (GHQ 12) as a screening tool. The second phase of the interview was conducted only for those participants with a score of more than 3 using the GHQ 12. These participants were then clinically examined using the Structured Clinical Interview DSM IV for assessment of clinical depression. Main outcome measure:,Prevalence of depression. Results:,A total of 721 (65.2%) were from urban communities, while 384 (34.8%) were from the rural community. The overall prevalence of depression was found to be 5.2%. Depression was more prevalent among women than men (5.7% vs 4.8%, ,2 = 0.36 P = 0.55), and among adolescents (9.6%, P = 0.04). Furthermore, depression was more common in the rural areas than in the urban areas (7.3% vs 4.2%, ,2 = 4.94 P = 0.02). Conclusion:,Depression is more common in rural than urban areas in the Nigerian population. Mental health education for adolescents and secondary school students should be encouraged in rural communities. [source]