Network Technologies (network + technology)

Distribution by Scientific Domains


Selected Abstracts


Standardization of Network Technologies: Market Processes or the Result of Inter-Firm Co-operation?

JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS, Issue 4 2001
Bertrand Quélin
As recent studies on the evolution of a technology indicate, the role of a standard, or dominant design, is highly significant in a number of contemporary industries such as computer, telecommunications and consumer electronics. Following Katz' and Shapiro's pioneering works (1985), our paper rationally evaluates the concepts and results developed over the past ten years in this field. It is grounded on a typology of two types of models: the first is based on users' anticipatory behaviour, and the second, on the collaborative behaviour of existing firms. The article initially discusses the specificity of network technologies, then analyses market standardisation models, and finally, studies the different actors models. Our conclusion builds upon existing works in network technologies. We next propose a research agenda [source]


Automated image-based phenotypic analysis in zebrafish embryos

DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 3 2009
Andreas Vogt
Abstract Presently, the zebrafish is the only vertebrate model compatible with contemporary paradigms of drug discovery. Zebrafish embryos are amenable to automation necessary for high-throughput chemical screens, and optical transparency makes them potentially suited for image-based screening. However, the lack of tools for automated analysis of complex images presents an obstacle to using the zebrafish as a high-throughput screening model. We have developed an automated system for imaging and analyzing zebrafish embryos in multi-well plates regardless of embryo orientation and without user intervention. Images of fluorescent embryos were acquired on a high-content reader and analyzed using an artificial intelligence-based image analysis method termed Cognition Network Technology (CNT). CNT reliably detected transgenic fluorescent embryos (Tg(fli1:EGFP)y1) arrayed in 96-well plates and quantified intersegmental blood vessel development in embryos treated with small molecule inhibitors of anigiogenesis. The results demonstrate it is feasible to adapt image-based high-content screening methodology to measure complex whole organism phenotypes. Developmental Dynamics 238:656,663, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]


On the efficiency of PGPS-based packet and cell switching technologies for traffic with guaranteed delay

EUROPEAN TRANSACTIONS ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS, Issue 4 2003
Fulvio Risso
Circuit switching, suited to providing real-time services due to the low and fixed switching delay, is not cost effective for building integrated services networks because it is based on static allocation of resources which is not efficient with bursty data traffic. Moreover it cannot handle flows that are not integer multiple of 64,Kb/s, preventing the usage of low bit rate codecs. This work explores the most suitable alternatives to the circuit switching technology (i.e. packet/cell switching) from the efficiency point of view, assuming that a PGPS scheduler is deployed in the network nodes. The paper defines an index to measure the efficiency of packet telephony, i.e. the volume of real-time traffic with deterministically guaranteed quality plus the amount of data carried related to the amount of network resources used. Furthermore it determines the maximum efficiency obtainable by packet networks, compares different network technologies and explores the problems of the deploying of low bit-rate codecs. Copyright © 2003 AEI. [source]


User involvement in developing mobile and temporarily interconnected systems

INFORMATION SYSTEMS JOURNAL, Issue 2 2010
Ola Henfridsson
Abstract Information systems (IS) research on user involvement has primarily theorized relationships between developers, managers and users in systems development. However, so far, marginal attention has been paid to differences in user involvement practices between information systems. This paper explores user involvement in developing mobile and temporarily interconnected systems (MTIS). We refer to MTIS as heterogeneous systems that rely on network technologies for increasing the ubiquity of information services for users on the move. Such systems are becoming increasingly important in leveraging, e.g. car infotainment, supply chain management and wireless e-commerce. With particular emphasis on the nature of MTIS and its implications for user involvement, the paper analyses the systems development process of an action research project. The findings suggest that user involvement practices need to be adapted to accommodate features of this class of systems. Being an early attempt to trace the implications of technology features such as use context switches and temporary system relationships, the paper contributes to the development of an updated theory of the user role in an era of increased system complexity and stakeholder ambiguity. [source]


Standardization of Network Technologies: Market Processes or the Result of Inter-Firm Co-operation?

JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS, Issue 4 2001
Bertrand Quélin
As recent studies on the evolution of a technology indicate, the role of a standard, or dominant design, is highly significant in a number of contemporary industries such as computer, telecommunications and consumer electronics. Following Katz' and Shapiro's pioneering works (1985), our paper rationally evaluates the concepts and results developed over the past ten years in this field. It is grounded on a typology of two types of models: the first is based on users' anticipatory behaviour, and the second, on the collaborative behaviour of existing firms. The article initially discusses the specificity of network technologies, then analyses market standardisation models, and finally, studies the different actors models. Our conclusion builds upon existing works in network technologies. We next propose a research agenda [source]


Mediating Devices for a Social Statement: Tobi Schneidler, Interactive Architect

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Issue 1 2005
Lucy Bullivant
Abstract German architect Tobi Schneidler, with his team at Smart Studio of the Interactive Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, integrates interactive media and network technologies within spatial environments. Here, he explains to Lucy Bullivant how, for him, information technology is not merely hardware or software, but an essential tool that can create ,mediating devices for a social statement'. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]


Receiving: The Use of Web 2.0 to Create a Dynamic Learning Forum to Enrich Resident Education

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 2009
Adam Rosh
Receiving (http://www.drhem.com) is a powerful web-based tool that encompasses web 2.0 technologies. "Web 2.0" is a term used to describe a group of loosely related network technologies that share a user-focused approach to design and functionality. It has a strong bias towards user content creation, syndication, and collaboration (McGee 2008). The use of Web 2.0 technology is rapidly being integrated into undergraduate and graduate education, which dramatically influences the ways learners approach and use information (Sandars 2007). Knowledge transfer has become a two-way process. Users no longer simply consume and download information from the web; they create and interact with it. We created this blog to facilitate resident education, communication, and productivity. Using simple, freely available blog software (Wordpress.com), this inter-disciplinary web-based forum integrates faculty-created, case-based learning modules with critical essays and articles related to the practice of emergency medicine (EM). Didactic topics are based on the EM model and include multi-media case presentations. The educational modules include a visual diagnosis section (VizD), United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) board-style cases (quizzER), radiographic interpretation (radER), electrocardiogram interpretation (Tracings), and ultrasound image and video clip interpretation (Morrison's Pouch). After viewing each case, residents can submit their answers to the questions asked in each scenario. At the end of each week, a faculty member posts the answer and facilitates an online discussion of the case. A "Top 10 Leader Board" is updated weekly to reflect resident participation and display a running tally of correct answers submitted by the residents. Feedback by the residents has been very positive. In addition to the weekly interactive cases, Receiving also includes critical essays and articles on an array of topics related to EM. For example, "Law and Medicine" is a monthly essay written by an emergency physician who is also a lawyer. This module explores legal issues related to EM. "The Meeting Room" presents interviews with leading scholars in the field. "Got Public Health?", written by a resident, addresses relevant social, cultural, and political issues commonly encountered in the emergency department. "Mini Me" is dedicated to pediatric pearls and is overseen by a pediatric emergency physician. "Sherwin's Critical Care" focuses on critical care principles relevant to EM and is overseen by a faculty member. As in the didactic portion of the website, residents and faculty members are encouraged to comment on these essays and articles, offering their own expertise and interpretation on the various topics. Receiving is updated weekly. Every post has its own URL and tags allowing for quick and easy searchability and archiving. Users can search for various topics by using a built-in search feature. Receiving is linked to an RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feed, allowing users to get the latest information without having to continually check the website for updates. Residents have access to the website anytime and anywhere that the internet is available (e.g., home computer, hospital computer, IphoneÔ, BlackBerryÔ), bringing the classroom to them. This unique blend of topics and the ability to create a virtual interactive community creates a dynamic learning environment and directly enhances resident education. Receiving serves as a core educational tool for our residency, presenting interesting and relevant EM information in a collaborative and instructional environment. [source]


New directions for lifelong learning using network technologies

BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2004
Rob Koper
The requirements placed on learning technologies to support lifelong learning differ considerably from those placed on technologies to support particular fragments of a learning lifetime. The time scales involved in lifelong learning, together with its multi-institutional and episodic nature are not reflected in today's mainstream learning technologies and their associated architectures. The article presents an integrated model and architecture to serve as the basis for the realisation of networked learning technologies serving the specific needs and characteristics of lifelong learners. The integrative model is called a ,Learning Network' (LN) and its requirements and architecture are explored, together with the ways in which its application can help in reducing barriers to lifelong learning. [source]


Reliable ALE middleware for RFID network applications

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2009
Nong-Kun Chen
Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology adopts the air interface to deliver the information required for object identification. The RFID system is convenient to manage and operate, and is widely encouraged by the large-scale chain industry. Additionally, electronic product code (EPC) network technology allows immediate, automatic identification and sharing of information on items in the supply chain. This work proposes an RFID service middleware with a highly reliable and efficient application-level event (ALE)-based prototype mechanism according to EPCglobal. A Student Muster Roll (SMR) application test bed is implemented in the proposed ALE-based scheme. The SMR system can be employed to manage the absentee records of students in a class, and can manage and control several operation multi-reader devices simultaneously. The proposed scheme can filter attendance accurately, eliminating the possibility of reduplication in student records. Performance evaluation results indicate that the proposed novel scheme is much more efficient and reliable than a naive ALE scheme. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]


E-learning: emerging uses, empirical results and future directions

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 4 2003
Elizabeth T. Welsh
The use of network technology to deliver training is the latest trend in the training and development industry and has been heralded as the ,e-learning revolution.' In an effort to separate hype from reality, this paper reviews practitioner and research literature on e-learning, incorporating unpublished information from interviews with managers and consultants directly involved in e-learning initiatives. Specific attention is given to why organizations use e-learning, what the potential drawbacks to e-learning are, what we know from research about e-learning and what the future of e-learning may hold. [source]


Securing IMS against novel threats

BELL LABS TECHNICAL JOURNAL, Issue 1 2009
Stefan Wahl
Fixed mobile convergence (FMC) based on the 3GPP IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is considered one of the most important communication technologies of this decade. Yet this all-IP-based network technology brings about the growing danger of security vulnerabilities in communication and data services. Protecting IMS infrastructure servers against malicious exploits poses a major challenge due to the huge number of systems that may be affected. We approach this problem by proposing an architecture for an autonomous and self-sufficient monitoring and protection system for devices and infrastructure inspired by network intrusion detection techniques. The crucial feature of our system is a signature-less detection of abnormal events and zero-day attacks. These attacks may be hidden in a single message or spread across a sequence of messages. Anomalies identified at any of the network domain's ingresses can be further analyzed for discriminative patterns that can be immediately distributed to all edge nodes in the network domain. © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. [source]


Combined neural network model to compute wavelet coefficients

EXPERT SYSTEMS, Issue 3 2006
nan Güler
Abstract: In recent years a novel model based on artificial neural networks technology has been introduced in the signal processing community for modelling the signals under study. The wavelet coefficients characterize the behaviour of the signal and computation of the wavelet coefficients is particularly important for recognition and diagnostic purposes. Therefore, we dealt with wavelet decomposition of time-varying biomedical signals. In the present study, we propose a new approach that takes advantage of combined neural network (CNN) models to compute the wavelet coefficients. The computation was provided and expressed by applying the CNNs to ophthalmic arterial and internal carotid arterial Doppler signals. The results were consistent with theoretical analysis and showed good promise for discrete wavelet transform of the time-varying biomedical signals. Since the proposed CNNs have high performance and require no complicated mathematical functions of the discrete wavelet transform, they were found to be effective for the computation of wavelet coefficients. [source]