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Multiple-choice Questionnaire (multiple-choice + questionnaire)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Common sources of skin care education: a cross-sectional study

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2009
Tina Bhutani MD
Background, The resources used by the public to locate health information are important. Aim, To expose the sources from which the public gains a knowledge of dermatology. Methods, An anonymous, multiple-choice questionnaire was distributed to adults in college campuses, shopping malls, and community parks over a 4-month period. Results, Sixty-six percent of individuals stated that they felt physicians had the most authority for making recommendations regarding the skin. When questioned about the sources of skin care advice, however, there was a discrepancy, with only 35% stating that they actually consulted professionals. Indeed, 37% admitted to using family and friends as their primary source of information, and 28% used the media first. Conclusions, In our opinion, the best method to ensure healthy skin habits and early diagnosis of disease would be to combine the efforts of healthcare and the media. These public resources should make people aware of skin diseases and preventative measures, whilst encouraging regular check-ups with dermatologists and persuading patients to employ open conversation with their physicians regarding care of their skin. [source]

Sexual reproduction of scleractinian corals in public aquariums: current status and future perspectives

INTERNATIONAL ZOO YEARBOOK, Issue 1 2007
D. PETERSEN
A multiple-choice questionnaire was distributed, mainly via the list servers of the EUAC (European Union of Aquarium Curators) Coral ASP (Animal Sustainability Program) and AquaticInfo, to evaluate the potential of today's aquariums for the captive breeding of scleractinian corals. Sixteen (including the temperate coral Astroides calycularis) of, in total, 24 species (nine families) were recorded as showing reproductive behaviour that could establish an F1 generation. Broadcast spawners (13 species) reproduced mainly in open systems under natural light conditions (in all cases natural moonlight exposure), whereas brooders (11 species) showed less sensitivity towards certain environmental factors known to trigger reproduction in field populations (here moonlight and temperature fluctuations). Except for a few recruits of Galaxea fascicularis and Echinopora lamellosa maintained in a 750 000 litre system, recruits of broadcast spawners could be exclusively obtained by manipulating fertilization and settlement. Brooding corals established generally less than 100 recruits if settlement was not enhanced experimentally. When reproduction was manipulated, it enhanced reproductive success, in most cases to above 100 recruits. We assume that more species, especially brooders, might reproduce in public aquariums without being noticed by the staff owing to the lack of recruitment and of experimental design (larval collection). This study illustrates the great potential for public aquariums to reproduce corals sexually. However, more investigation is necessary to optimize reproductive success and possibly to broaden the spectrum of species reproduced in public aquariums. [source]

Emotional arousal enhances declarative memory in patients with Alzheimer's disease

ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 6 2007
C. Satler
Objective,,, To verify whether the long-term retention of an emotionally arousing story is stronger than the retention of a neutral story, and the enhancing effects of emotional arousal on declarative memory in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Method,,, Twenty subjects (10 with AD and 10 controls matched for age and educational level) were studied. After the audiovisual presentation (neutral story), the subjects rated the narrative's emotionality. Later, they answered a multiple-choice questionnaire about the stories. Two weeks later, they watched the emotionally arousing story. Results,,, Subjects who watched the emotionally arousing story assigned a score of emotionality higher than the subjects in the neutral group (P = 0.023). In addition, the participants remembered more details of the arousing story, and had a higher score in the questionnaire (P < 0.001). Conclusions,,, We demonstrated that an emotionally arousing content enhances long-term declarative memory in AD. Furthermore, present finding supports the use of this instrument for clinical and research purposes. [source]

More to teamwork than knowledge, skill and attitude

BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 10 2010
D Siassakos
Please cite this paper as: Siassakos D, Draycott T, Crofts J, Hunt L, Winter C, Fox R. More to teamwork than knowledge, skill and attitude. BJOG 2010;117:1262,1269. Objective, To assess whether team performance in simulated eclampsia is related to the knowledge, skills and attitudes of individual team members. Design, Cross-sectional analysis of data from the Simulation and Fire Drill Evaluation randomised controlled trial. Setting, Six secondary and tertiary maternity units in south-west England. Participants, One hundred and fourteen maternity professionals in 19 teams of six members; one senior and one junior obstetrician; two senior and two junior midwives. Methods, We validated a team performance ranking scheme with respect to magnesium administration (Magnesium Administration Rank, MAR) by expert consensus (face validity) and correlation with clinical measures (construct validity). We tested for correlation between MAR and measures of knowledge, skills and attitudes. Main outcome measures, Correlation between team performance (MAR) and scores in validated multiple-choice questionnaires (MCQs) (knowledge), a measure of individual manual skill to manage an obstetric emergency (skill) and scores in a widely used teamwork/safety attitude questionnaire (attitude). Results, There was no relationship between team performance and cumulative individual MCQs, skill or teamwork/safety attitude scores. Conclusions, The knowledge, manual skills and attitudes of the individuals comprising each team, measured by established methods, did not correlate in this study with the team's clinical efficiency in the management of simulated eclampsia. The inference is that unidentified characteristic(s) play a crucial part in the efficiency of teams managing emergencies. Any emphasis of training programmes to promote individual knowledge, skills and attitudes alone may have to be re-examined. This highlights a need to understand what makes a team efficient in dealing with clinical emergencies. [source]