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Month Old Children (month + old_child)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	80%

Selected Abstracts

Utilization of parenting groups and consultation services as parenting support services by Japanese mothers of 18 month old children

JAPAN JOURNAL OF NURSING SCIENCE, Issue 2 2008
Azusa ARIMOTO
Abstract Aim:, To clarify the factors related to the utilization of parenting groups and consultation services by mothers with children aged 18 months. Methods:, This was a cross-sectional study using a self-report questionnaire survey at health examinations in five health centers of an urban city in Tokyo, Japan, from July to September 2003. The final study population was comprised of the 371 mothers who provided information on both demographics and the utilization of services. Results:, Of these 371 mothers, 166 participated in parenting groups since the birth of their 18 month old child. Logistic regression analyses indicated the following factors related to such participation: past experience in the use of services provided by the local government, trust in the specific group, and worries about their children. Participation in the parenting groups was not related to child-rearing anxiety or mental health status. The participants indicated that the groups provided friends and child-rearing information and alleviated stress. Worries about children and past experience in the use of public services would enhance the utilization of services. Conclusion:, It is essential for service-providers to offer services specific to the situation or desires of mothers. Mothers might need both consultation services and support groups to reinforce the mother,child relationship, for social support, and to freely discuss worries with both professionals and peers. [source]

The effects of early relational antecedents and other factors on the parental sensitivity of mothers and fathers

INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 1 2003
Diane Pelchat
Abstract This study examines the effect of early relational antecedents (ERA, i.e. the quality of parenting parents recalled receiving as children), parenting stress, marital stress, socio-economic factors and children's characteristics (gender and disability condition) on the parental sensitivity of mothers and fathers. The sample consisted of 116 mothers and 84 fathers of 117 eighteen month old children drawn from a larger longitudinal study on the adaptation of parents to a child with a disability. Thirty-four children were diagnosed with Down syndrome (DS), 51 with a cleft lip and/or palate (CLP), and 32 were non-disabled children. Multiple regression analyses reveal that mothers' sensitivity is best predicted by her level of education and family income, whereas fathers' sensitivity is best predicted by their ERA, marital stress, family income and the child's disability condition. Mothers with more education and a greater family income displayed a greater sensitivity to their children, as did fathers who perceive less marital stress, those with a greater family income and those who perceived their parents as less controlling. Also, fathers of children with DS displayed less sensitivity for their children than fathers of children with CLP or fathers of non-disabled children. These results concord with many studies about the importance of socio-economic factors, ERA, marital stress, parent's gender and children's factors in the understanding of parental sensitivity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Utilization of parenting groups and consultation services as parenting support services by Japanese mothers of 18 month old children

Failure of inactivated influenza A vaccine to protect healthy children aged 6,24 months

PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2004
Taro Maeda
AbstractBackground:,The efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccine in healthy infants and children younger than 24 months has not been confirmed. The aim of the present study was to determine the prophylactic effect of inactivated influenza vaccine against influenza A in healthy children aged 6,24 months. Methods:,Healthy infants and young children (6,24 months old) were immunized by subcutaneous injection of inactivated influenza vaccine before influenza seasons. Age matched children were randomly assigned as the control. These children were followed up from January to April in each year (2000, 2001 and 2002). The attack rates of influenza A infection was compared and statistically assessed. Results:,The attack rate of influenza A virus infection in the vaccine group and the control group were 14.8% (n = 27) vs 12.5% (n = 32) in 2000 (P = 0.526); 2.8% (n = 72) vs 7.2% (n = 69) in 2001 (P = 0.203); and 3.4% (n = 52) vs 8.9% (n = 56) in 2002 (P = 0.205). The attack rates of influenza A between the two groups were not significantly different. Conclusion:,Inactivated influenza vaccine did not reduce the attack rate of influenza A infection in 6,24 month old children. [source]

Factors influencing oral colonization of mutans streptococci in young children

AUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, Issue 2 2007
V. Law
Abstract This paper aims to critically review current knowledge about the key factors involved in oral colonization of the cariogenic group of bacteria, mutans streptococci (MS) in young children. MS, consisting mainly of the species Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, are commonly cultured from the mouths of infants, with prevalence of infection ranging from around 30 per cent in 3 month old predentate children to over 80 per cent in 24 month old children with primary teeth. MS is usually transmitted to children through their mothers, and the risk of transmission increases with high maternal salivary levels of MS and frequent inoculation. Factors that affect the colonization of MS may be divided into bacterial virulence, host-related and environmental factors. Complex interaction among these factors determine the success and timing of MS colonization in the child. As clinical studies have shown that caries risk is correlated with age at which initial MS colonization occurred, strategies for the prevention of dental caries should include timely control of colonization of the cariogenic bacteria in the mouths of young children. [source]