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Mononuclear Cell Cultures (mononuclear + cell_culture)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Life Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Upregulation of co-stimulatory molecule expression and dendritic cell marker (CD83) on B cells in periodontal disease

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2002
Rangsini Mahanonda
T cells and their cytokines are well known for their important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. To date, the role of antigen presenting cells (APCs), which are known to be critical in the regulation of T cell response, has been poorly investigated in periodontitis. In this study, we analyzed the expression of co-stimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86) and CD83, which is a marker of mature dendritic cells, on gingival cells that were isolated from severe periodontitis tissues, with the use of flow cytometry. Significant upregulation of CD86 and CD83 expression was detected in periodontitis lesions, and most of this occurred on B cells. In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures showed that stimulation with different periodontopathic bacteria, that included Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, and Actinomyces viscosus, upregulated both CD86 and CD83 expression on B cells. Therefore, the presence of plaque bacteria may be responsible for the enhanced expression seen in vivo on gingival B cells. APC function by bacterial-activated B cells was further investigated using allogeneic mixed leukocyte reactions. After 24 h culture with either A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis, these activated B cells performed as potent APCs in mixed leukocyte reactions, and they stimulated T cells to produce high levels of gamma interferon and minimal interleukin-5. In conclusion, periodontopathic bacterial-induced B cell activation with upregulation of CD86 and CD83 may be associated with enhanced APC function. The results of this study suggest, therefore, that infiltrated gingival B cells have a possible role as APCs in the regulation and maintenance of local T cell response in periodontitis. [source]

Embryonic and fetal globins are expressed in adult erythroid progenitor cells and in erythroid cell cultures

PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, Issue 7 2001
Elizabeth T. Lau
Abstract The understanding of human hemoglobin ontogeny during development is of biological and clinical importance. Molecular and immunocytological techniques were used to study the expression of embryonic zeta (,), epsilon (,), and fetal gamma (,) globin genes in newborn cord blood, peripheral blood from men, pregnant and non-pregnant women, and in vitro mononuclear cell cultures. We have shown that embryonic and fetal globin mRNA and peptides are expressed in cultured erythroid cells and in circulating blood cells from newborns, adult non-pregnant women and from men. The findings suggest that during erythroid cell differentiation in newborns and adults, there is a transient recapitulation of sequential globin chain expression as found during embryonic and fetal development. Furthermore, these findings underscore the need for caution in using embryonic and fetal globin chains as markers to identify erythroid cells of fetal origin in maternal circulation for prenatal diagnosis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Mycobacterial heat shock protein-induced blood T lymphocytes subsets and cytokine pattern: Comparison of sarcoidosis with tuberculosis and healthy controls

RESPIROLOGY, Issue 3 2007
Anna DUBANIEWICZ
Background and objective: Sarcoidosis (SA) is a disorder of unknown aetiology. Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock proteins (Mtb-hsp) have been considered as causative agents of SA. The role of Mtb-hsp in the immune response in SA has not been investigated. Methods: Mtb-hsp-stimulated T-cell subsets and Th1/Th2 cytokine patterns in the supernatant from peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from 22 SA patients, 20 tuberculosis (TB) patients and 20 healthy volunteers were compared using flow cytometry. Results: In unstimulated cultures, a significantly higher percentage of CD8+,,+T-cells were present in SA versus controls. Similarly there was a significantly increased IL-6 and decreased IL-4 level in SA and significantly lower INF-,, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 production in TB versus controls. After Mtb-hsp stimulation, there was a significantly increased TNF-,, IL-6, IL-10 and decreased INF-,, IL-2, IL-4 production in SA and significantly increased TNF-,, IL-6 concentrations in TB versus controls. CD8+,,+IL-4+T-cells were detected significantly less often in Mtb-hsp-induced cultures in SA versus controls. Comparing SA versus TB, CD4+,,+TCR-cells were significantly increased in Mtb-hsp-induced cultures in TB versus controls and SA. Before stimulation, significantly increased IL-6, IL-10 and decreased IL-4 level in SA versus TB was revealed, whereas Mtb-hsp stimulation caused significantly increased IL-10 and decreased IL-4 concentrations in SA. Conclusions: After Mtb-hsp stimulation, increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-, and IL-6 were found in sera from SA and TB patients in comparison with healthy controls; SA patients demonstrated the lowest levels of IL-4 and the highest levels of IL-10. [source]

Immunogenicity and effect of a virosomal influenza vaccine on viral replication and T-cell activation in HIV-infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy,

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 4 2006
Elisabetta Tanzi
Abstract In order to evaluate the immunogenicity and the effect of a virosomal influenza vaccine on viral replication and T-cell activation in HIV-infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), 29 children infected with HIV-1 vertically (19 primed with a previous influenza vaccination and 10 who were not been immunized against influenza) were immunized with an intramuscular virosome-adjuvanted influenza vaccine. According to the European Agency for Evaluation of Medical Products (EMEA) criteria, the immunogenicity of the vaccine was adequate against all three influenza strains (A H1N1, A H3N2, and B) in the primed children, and against A H1N1 and A H3N2 in the unprimed children. After in vitro stimulation with vaccine antigens, the IFN-, levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultures increased significantly from a baseline level of 103.0,±,229.8 pg/ml to a 30-day level of 390.7,±,606.3 pg/ml (P,<,0.05), with concentrations significantly higher (P,<,0.05) in the primed children than in the unprimed children. No increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA or HIV-1 proviral DNA was observed in either subgroup, and the immunophenotype analyses demonstrated that the CD4+ cell counts and percentages, the CD4/CD8 ratio and activated lymphocytes remained stable in either group from baseline to 1 month after each vaccine dose. This study showed that the virosomal influenza vaccine does seem to be immunogenic in the majority of HIV-infected children receiving HAART and does not induce viral replication or T-cell activation. Given the possible influenza-related complications in children infected with HIV, these results support the use of this influenza vaccine in such patients. J. Med. Virol. 78:440,445, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]