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Mozzarella Cheese (mozzarella + cheese)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	80%

Selected Abstracts

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MOZZARELLA CHEESE DETERMINED BY CREEP/RECOVERY TESTS: EFFECT OF SAMPLING DIRECTION, TEST TEMPERATURE AND RIPENING TIME

JOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES, Issue 3 2009
MARÍA LAURA OLIVARES
ABSTRACT The viscoelastic properties of mozzarella cheese using a creep/recovery test considering different sampling directions (parallel and perpendicular to protein fiber orientation), test temperatures (20, 30 and 40C) and ripening times (1, 8, 15, 29 and 36 days) were studied. Creep data were interpreted by a Burger model of four parameters. A semiempirical approach was proposed to obtain the contribution of each main compliance to the total deformation of the system. Creep tests at different temperatures allowed gaining a better understanding of changes that occur in the cheese matrix during heating and ripening. Sampling direction did not affect any of the parameters studied. Finally, it was clearly observed that cheese matrix behaves as a quite different physicochemical system depending on temperature. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out the rheological tests at different temperatures to evaluate appropriately the viscoelastic properties of mozzarella cheese. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Mozzarella cheese must have certain characteristics to be used on pizzas and on other prepared foods that use the cheese in melted state. The protein chains in the mozzarella curds coalesce into large strands that are oriented in the direction of stretching. For this reason, mozzarella cheese has an anisotropic structure. Therefore, it is relevant to determine the effect of protein fiber orientation on the rheological properties. Valuable information may be obtained through the creep/recovery test of mozzarella cheese samples to study its rheological properties and to explain molecular mechanisms that occur during ripening or melting processes considering sampling direction. [source]

Preparation and evaluation of pizza cheese made from blend of vetch,bovine milk

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 5 2008
Salim-ur-Rehman
Summary The objective of the study was to develop vetch,bovine milk (VBM) pizza cheese low in animal fat and its acceptability was determined through physico-chemical, functional and sensory evaluations. Vetch (Lathyrus sativus) was detoxified by steeping in double its quantity of water for 8 h at 70 °C, changing the water seven times, draining and sun drying. Dried vetch was then treated with water at pH 4.0 at 90 °C for 60 min to deplete the beany flavour, then dried and milled into fine flour with Quadrumate Senior mill. The seed coat was separated as one of the mill fractions. Four types of VBM blends were prepared from vetch flour and bovine skimmed milk powder and were used to prepare cheese using 2.5% lactic acid bacterial culture of Streptococcus thermophillus and Streptococcus bulgaricus and rennet (0.15 mL L,1, 1:40 ratio with water). The cheese was stored at 4 °C for 14 days and used as topping over the pizza shell. Physico-chemical analyses, such as moisture, total solids, lactose, ash, fat, titratable acidity and pH, and sensory evaluations of both cheese and pizza were carried out at 0-, 7- and 14-day intervals. The stretchability and meltability of cheese increased significantly (P < 0.05) during storage. Commercial Mozzarella cheese was taken as a control. The results of this study suggested that VBM blend at the ratio of 12.5:87.5 (vetch flour:bovine milk powder) could be utilised to prepare a cheese of desirable characteristics for pizza topping. [source]

Effect of manufacturing treatments on the rheological character of Mozzarella cheese made from microfiltration retentate depleted of whey proteins,

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2001
Randall L. Brandsma
Low-moisture, part-skim (LMPS) Mozzarella cheeses were made from highly concentrated skim milk microfiltration (MF) retentate and butteroil. Differing combinations of rennet concentration, coagulation temperature and post-coagulation curd cutting time were used, with comparisons made of the rheological and functional characteristics of cheeses during ageing. Lubricated squeezing flow, stress relaxation, melt and stretch measurements demonstrated that commercial LMPS Mozzarella had substantial textural and functional change between 7 and 30 days of age, while the rheological and functional behaviour of LMPS MF Mozzarella (MFM) exhibited substantial change between 30 and 60 days of age. Rennet concentration was the only experimental factor to significantly affect MFM rheological and functional development. The delayed development of MFM was partially attributed to inhibition of normal cheese proteolysis via whey protein (WP) incorporation, lack of starter culture protease, and homogenization of MF cheesemilk. Use of starter culture in MFM led to improved rheological and functional behaviour. [source]

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MOZZARELLA CHEESE DETERMINED BY CREEP/RECOVERY TESTS: EFFECT OF SAMPLING DIRECTION, TEST TEMPERATURE AND RIPENING TIME

Fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 during the manufacture of Mozzarella cheese

LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2 2003
G. Spano
Abstract Aims: The fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was investigated during the manufacture of Mozzarella cheese. Methods and Results: The Mozzarella cheese was made from unpasteurized milk which was inoculated to contain ca 105 cfu ml,1E. coli O157:H7. Two different heating temperatures (70 and 80 °C), commonly used during curd stretching, were investigated to determine their effects on the viability of E. coli O157:H7 in Mozzarella cheese. Stretching at 80 °C for 5 min resulted in the loss of culturability of E. coli O157:H7 strains, whereas stretching at 70 °C reduced the number of culturable E. coli O157:H7 by a factor of 10. Conclusions: The results show that stretching curd at 80 °C for 5 min is effective in controlling E. coli O157:H7 during the production of Mozzarella cheese. Brining and storage at 4 °C for 12 h was less effective than the stretching. Significance and Impact of the Study: Mozzarella cheese should be free of E. coli O157:H7 only if temperatures higher than or equal to 80 °C are used during milk processing. [source]

Effect of manufacturing treatments on the rheological character of Mozzarella cheese made from microfiltration retentate depleted of whey proteins,

The Impact of Antioxidant Addition on Flavor of Cheddar and Mozzarella Whey and Cheddar Whey Protein Concentrate

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 6 2010
I.W. Liaw
Abstract:, Lipid oxidation products are primary contributors to whey ingredient off-flavors. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of antioxidant addition in prevention of flavor deterioration of fluid whey and spray-dried whey protein. Cheddar and Mozzarella cheeses were manufactured in triplicate. Fresh whey was collected, pasteurized, and defatted by centrifugal separation. Subsequently, 0.05% (w/w) ascorbic acid or 0.5% (w/w) whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) were added to the pasteurized whey. A control with no antioxidant addition was also evaluated. Wheys were stored at 3 °C and evaluated after 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 d. In a subsequent experiment, selected treatments were then incorporated into liquid Cheddar whey and processed into whey protein concentrate (WPC). Whey and WPC flavors were documented by descriptive sensory analysis, and volatile components were evaluated by solid phase micro-extraction with gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Cardboard flavors increased in fluid wheys with storage. Liquid wheys with ascorbic acid or WPH had lower cardboard flavor across storage compared to control whey. Lipid oxidation products, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and nonanal increased in liquid whey during storage, but liquid whey with added ascorbic acid or WPH had lower concentrations of these products compared to untreated controls. Mozzarella liquid whey had lower flavor intensities than Cheddar whey initially and after refrigerated storage. WPC with added ascorbic acid or WPH had lower cardboard flavor and lower concentrations of pentanal, heptanal, and nonanal compared to control WPC. These results suggest that addition of an antioxidant to liquid whey prior to further processing may be beneficial to flavor of spray-dried whey protein. Practical Application:, Lipid oxidation products are primary contributors to whey ingredient off-flavors. Flavor plays a critical and limiting role in widespread use of dried whey ingredients, and enhanced understanding of flavor and flavor formation as well as methods to control or minimize flavor formation during processing are industrially relevant. The results from this study suggest that addition of an antioxidant to liquid whey prior to further processing may be beneficial to minimize flavor of spray-dried whey protein. [source]

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MOZZARELLA CHEESE DETERMINED BY CREEP/RECOVERY TESTS: EFFECT OF SAMPLING DIRECTION, TEST TEMPERATURE AND RIPENING TIME

THE ANALYSIS OF STRESS RELAXATION DATA OF SOME VISCOELASTIC FOODS USING A TEXTURE ANALYZER,

JOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES, Issue 4 2006
H. SINGH
ABSTRACT Uniaxial compression test for dough and several commercial products like jello, mozzarella cheese, cheddar cheese, tofu and sausage (cooked and uncooked) was performed using a texture analyzer (TA). Percent stress relaxation (%SR ), k1 (initial rate of relaxation), k2 (extent of relaxation) and relaxation time (RT) were calculated and compared for different products. The TA software was used to convert the raw SR data into a linear form. Constants k1 and k2 were determined from the intercept and slope of the linear data. Higher values of %SR and k2 (90 and 9, respectively) indicated higher elasticity for jello, whereas wheat flour dough samples showed the lowest values (20,30) for %SR and 1 to 2 for k2. The RT and k1 values were not good indicators for differentiating different products based on their viscoelastic behavior. Measurement of RT was limited by the maximum time for which the data were collected, whereas k1, because of its mathematical form, needed careful interpretation. In this study, %SR was found to be a good measure to interpret viscoelasticity of different food samples. [source]