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Kinds of Mounts Terms modified by Mounts Selected AbstractsAPPLICATION OF THE DIRECT COMPLEX STIFFNESS METHOD TO ENGINE MOUNTSEXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES, Issue 3 2000S. Nadeau No abstract is available for this article. [source] Reading the Sermon the Mount: Character Formation and Decision Making in Matthew 5,7CONVERSATIONS IN RELIGION & THEOLOGY, Issue 2 2005Article first published online: 11 OCT 200 Books reviewed: Charles Talbert, Reading the Sermon the Mount: Character Formation and Decision Making in Matthew 5,7 Reviewed by Leslie Houlden [source] Disturbance indicators and population decline of logged species in Mt. Elgon Forest, KenyaAFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Issue 3 2010Joseph Hitimana Abstract Mount (Mt) Elgon forest in western Kenya is important for biodiversity, environmental protection and socio-economic development. Characterizing forest conditions is essential for evaluation of sustainable management and conservation activities. This paper covers findings of a study which determined and analysed indicators useful in monitoring disturbance levels in the Mt Elgon Forest. A systematic survey was carried out and covered 305 plots of 0.02 ha and 250 smaller nested regeneration plots along 10 belt transects that were distributed in five blocks within the moist lower montane forest type. Collected and analysed data include types of disturbance, tree species composition, abundance and logged species. Correlation breakdown among disturbance types revealed that, paths were indicators of the number of tree harvesting sites (rs =1.00, P < 0.01) and of de-vegetated areas through grass harvesting (rs = 0.90, P = 0.04). Solanum mauritianum Scop. was an indicator of old-charcoal production sites. Logging targeted 13 tree species and harvested trees with diameter at breast height above 20 cm. The most exploited species were Olea capensis L. and Deinbolia kilimandscharica Taub. All exploited species had low regeneration but tree regeneration was not an effective indicator of logging. Résumé La forêt du Mont Elgon, dans l'ouest du Kenya, est importante pour sa biodiversité, pour la protection de l'environnement et pour le développement socioéconomique. Il est essentiel de bien définir les caractéristiques de ses conditions pour pouvoir évaluer les activités de gestion durable et de conservation. Cet article reprend les résultats d'une étude qui a déterminé et analysé des indicateurs intéressants pour pouvoir suivre le niveau de perturbation dans la forêt du Mont Elgon. Une étude systématique fut menée, qui a couvert 305 parcelles de 0,02 ha et 250 plus petites parcelles de régénération incluses le long de 10 transects de ceinture, distribuées en cinq blocs dans la forêt humide de basse montagne. Les données récoltées et analysées comprennent les types de perturbation, la composition des espèces d'arbres, leur abondance et celles qui sont exploitées. Une rupture de corrélation parmi les types de perturbation a révélé que les sentiers étaient des indicateurs du nombre de sites oùétaient récoltés les arbres (rs = 1.00; P < 0.01) et de zones sans végétation à cause de la récolte de l'herbe (rs = 0.90; P < 0.04). Solanum mauritianum Scop. était un indicateur d'anciens sites de production de charbon de bois. Les coupes d'arbres concernaient 13 espèces dont le diamètre à hauteur de poitrine dépassait 20 cm. Les espèces les plus exploitées étaient Olea capensis L. et Deinbolia kilimandscharica Taub. Toutes les espèces exploitées avaient une faible régénération, mais une régénération d'arbres n'était pas un indicateur fiable d'anciennes coupes d'arbres. [source] Onychomycosis: diagnosis and topical therapyDERMATOLOGIC THERAPY, Issue 2 2002Philip Fleckman Onychomycosis (true fungal infection of the nail plate) is a common malady that may present in several clinical patterns. Because many noninfectious disorders of the nail may masquerade as onychomycosis, the clinical diagnosis must be confirmed by wet mount (potassium hydroxide [KOH] examination), culture, or histology before treatment is begun. Although systemic therapy of onychomycosis with the newer drugs is more effective, the prospect of effective topical therapy is a welcome alternative in many situations. Choices for topical therapy are limited in the United States at this time. As new, improved choices are added to the therapeutic armamentarium, topical therapy my supersede systemic. In addition, the potential for synergism with systemic therapy and for prophylaxis of cleared infections is only now being explored. [source] Busulfan-induced central polydactyly, syndactyly and cleft hand or foot: A common mechanism of disruption leads to divergent phenotypesDEVELOPMENT GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION, Issue 6 2007Takuji Naruse The prevalence of clinical phenotypes that exhibit combinations of central polydactyly, syndactyly, or cleft hand or foot is higher than would be expected for random independent mutations. We have previously demonstrated that maternal ingestion of a chemotherapeutic agent, busulfan, at embryonic day 11 (E11) induces these defects in various combinations in rat embryo limbs. In an effort to determine the mechanism by which busulfan disrupts digital development, we examined cell death by Nile Blue staining and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays; we also carried out whole mount in situ hybridization for fibroblast growth factor-8 (Fgf8), bone morphogenetic protein-4 (Bmp4), and sonic hedgehog (Shh) to examine developmental pathways linked to these defects. In busulfan-treated embryos, diffuse cell death was evident in both ectoderm and mesoderm, peaking at E13. The increased cell death leads to regression of Fgf8 in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) and Bmp4 and Shh in the underlying mesoderm. The subsequent pattern of interdigital apoptosis and cartilage condensation was variably disrupted. These results suggest that busulfan manifests its teratogenic effects by inducing cell death of both ectoderm and mesoderm, with an associated reduction in tissue and a disruption in the generation of patterning molecules during critical periods of digit specification. [source] Expression of the zebrafish CD133/prominin1 genes in cellular proliferation zones in the embryonic central nervous system and sensory organsDEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 6 2010Maura McGrail Abstract The CD133/prominin1 gene encodes a pentamembrane glycoprotein cell surface marker that is expressed in stem cells from neuroepithelial, hematopoietic, and various organ tissues. Here we report the analysis of two zebrafish CD133/prominin1 orthologues, prominin1a and prominin1b. The expression patterns of the zebrafish prominin1a and b genes were analyzed during embryogenesis using whole mount in situ hybridization. prominin1a and b show novel complementary and overlapping patterns of expression in proliferating zones in the developing sensory organs and central nervous system. The expression patterns suggest functional conservation of the zebrafish prominin1 genes. Initial analyses of prominin1a and b in neoplastic tissue show increased expression of both genes in a subpopulation of cells in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in tp53 mutants. Based on these analyses, the zebrafish prominin1 genes will be useful markers for examining proliferating cell populations in adult organs, tissues, and tumors. Developmental Dynamics 239:1849,1857, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] MicroRNA expression during chick embryo developmentDEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 11 2006Diana K. Darnell Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, abundant, noncoding RNAs that modulate protein abundance by interfering with target mRNA translation or stability. miRNAs are detected in organisms from all domains and may regulate 30% of transcripts in vertebrates. Understanding miRNA function requires a detailed determination of expression, yet this has not been reported in an amniote species. High-throughput whole mount in situ hybridization was performed on chicken embryos to map expression of 135 miRNA genes including five miRNAs that had not been previously reported in chicken. Eighty-four miRNAs were detected before day 5 of embryogenesis, and 75 miRNAs showed differential expression. Whereas few miRNAs were expressed during formation of the primary germ layers, the number of miRNAs detected increased rapidly during organogenesis. Patterns highlighted cell-type, organ or structure-specific expression, localization within germ layers and their derivatives, and expression in multiple cell and tissue types and within sub-regions of structures and tissues. A novel group of miRNAs was highly expressed in most tissues but much reduced in one or a few organs, including the heart. This study presents the first comprehensive overview of miRNA expression in an amniote organism and provides an important foundation for investigations of miRNA gene regulation and function. Developmental Dynamics 235:3156,3165, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Functional characterization of a neuropeptide F-like receptor from Drosophila melanogasterEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, Issue 2 2003Guoping Feng Abstract A cDNA clone encoding a seven-transmembrane domain, G-protein-coupled receptor (NPFR76F, also called GPCR60), has been isolated from Drosophila melanogaster. Deletion mapping showed that the gene encoding this receptor is located on the left arm of the third chromosome at position 76F. Northern blotting and whole mount in situ hybridization have shown that this receptor is expressed in a limited number of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems of embryos and adults. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence suggests that this receptor is related to vertebrate neuropeptide Y receptors. This Drosophila receptor shows 62,66% similarity and 32,34% identity to type 2 neuropeptide Y receptors cloned from a variety of vertebrate sources. Coexpression in Xenopus oocytes of NPFR76F with the promiscuous G-protein G,16 showed that this receptor is activated by the vertebrate neuropeptide Y family to produce inward currents due to the activation of an endogenous oocyte calcium-dependent chloride current. Maximum receptor activation was achieved with short, putative Drosophila neuropeptide F peptides (Drm-sNPF-1, 2 and 2s). Neuropeptide F-like peptides in Drosophila have been implicated in a signalling system that modulates food response and social behaviour. The identification of this neuropeptide F-like receptor and its endogenous ligand by reverse pharmacology will facilitate genetic and behavioural studies of neuropeptide functions in Drosophila. [source] GDKAT: A goal-driven knowledge acquisition tool for knowledge base developmentEXPERT SYSTEMS, Issue 2 2000Chien-Hsing Wu While knowledge-based systems are being used extensively to assist in making decisions, a critical factor that affects their performance and reliability is the quantity and quality of the knowledge bases. Knowledge acquisition requires the design and development of an in-depth comprehension of knowledge modeling and of applicable domain. Many knowledge acquisition tools have been developed to support knowledge base development. However, a weakness that is revealed in these tools is the domain-dependent and complex acquisition process. Domain dependence limits the applicable areas and the complex acquisition process makes the tool difficult to use. In this paper, we present a goal-driven knowledge acquisition tool (GDKAT) that helps elicit and store experts' declarative and procedural knowledge in knowledge bases for a user-defined domain. The designed tool is implemented using the object-oriented design methodology under C++ Windows environment. An example that is used to demonstrate the GDKAT is also delineated. While the application domain for the example presented is reflow soldering in surface mount printed circuit board assembly, the GDKAT can be used to develop knowledge bases for other domains also. [source] Retention of the duplicated cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 genes (crabp1a and crabp1b) in the zebrafish genome by subfunctionalization of tissue-specific expressionFEBS JOURNAL, Issue 14 2005Rong-Zong Liu The cellular retinoic acid-binding protein type I (CRABPI) is encoded by a single gene in mammals. We have characterized two crabp1 genes in zebrafish, designated crabp1a and crabp1b. These two crabp1 genes share the same gene structure as the mammalian CRABP1 genes and encode proteins that show the highest amino acid sequence identity to mammalian CRABPIs. The zebrafish crabp1a and crabp1b were assigned to linkage groups 25 and 7, respectively. Both linkage groups show conserved syntenies to a segment of the human chromosome 15 harboring the CRABP1 locus. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the zebrafish crabp1a and crabp1b are orthologs of the mammalian CRABP1 genes that likely arose from a teleost fish lineage-specific genome duplication. Embryonic whole mount in situ hybridization detected zebrafish crabp1b transcripts in the posterior hindbrain and spinal cord from early stages of embryogenesis. crabp1a mRNA was detected in the forebrain and midbrain at later developmental stages. In adult zebrafish, crabp1a mRNA was localized to the optic tectum, whereas crabp1b mRNA was detected in several tissues by RT-PCR but not by tissue section in situ hybridization. The differential and complementary expression patterns of the zebrafish crabp1a and crabp1b genes imply that subfunctionalization may be the mechanism for the retention of both crabp1 duplicated genes in the zebrafish genome. [source] REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR OF TWO APHIDOPHAGOUS LADYBEETLES, CHEILOMENES SEXMACULATA AND COCCINELLA TRANSVERSALISINSECT SCIENCE, Issue 2 2004OmkarArticle first published online: 28 JUN 200 Abstract, Reproductive behaviour of two aphidophagous ladybeetles, Cheilomenes sexmaculata and Coccinella transversalis was studied. A premating period of 5.0±0.5 and 11.7±0.4 days and a pre-oviposition period of 5.5±0.7 and 12.7±0.5 days was observed for C. sexmaculata and C. transversalis, respectively. Males of both the species exhibited courtship in five steps, viz. approach, watch, examine, mount and attempt. Sexually immature, recently mated and ovipositing females rejected male advances in both the species. Chemical, visual and behavioural cues probably play a role in mate recognition. Quiescent mating occurred in C. sexmaculata, whereas abdominal shakings in the form of bouts and strokes were characteristic in C. transversalis. C. sexmaculata had a relatively prolonged mating duration (133.4±z8.9 min) than C. transversalis (37.9±2.0 min), possibly due to the absence of active processes, i.e., bouts and strokes. The active processes in C. transversalis decreased with multiple matings in a day. Unmated adults of both the species mated more vigorously than the mated ones. Reproductive performance of both the species was best after multiple matings. [source] Evolution of histoid leprosy (de novo) in lepromatous (multibacillary) leprosyINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 7 2005Virendra N. Sehgal MD A 26-year-old man presented with persistent redness of the face over the past 2 years and thickening of the ears for a year. The current state was preceded by three to four episodes of epistaxis, 2,3 months previously. The patient had not received any treatment. Cutaneous examination revealed indurated (infiltrated) plaques on the face and ears over an apparently normal-looking skin, and numerous, small, ill-defined, slightly hypopigmented, shiny macules all over the body. They were bilateral and symmetric (Fig. 1a,b). There was no variation in the cutaneous sensations of temperature, touch, and pain. The patient showed loss of the lateral eyebrows and conjunctival congestion. Examination of the nerves revealed enlargement of the ulnar, radial, posterior tibial, and right common peroneal nerves; however, there was no tenderness of the nerves. Systemic examination was within normal limits. Examination of a slit-skin smear (under oil immersion), prepared from a representative lesion (plaque), demonstrated an abundance of solid and uniform-staining acid-fast bacilli, occurring either singly or in parallel clumps/globii, in an average field (6+). Furthermore, a scraping mount (10% KOH) prepared from the lesion on the back was negative. Figure 1. (a, b) Histoid leprosy Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections prepared from a biopsy taken from a plaque revealed a conspicuous granuloma composed of peculiar spindle-shaped histiocytes. Several of the granulomas were present in the mid and lower dermis. They were characterized by whorled, criss-cross, or parallel patterns. Solid and uniform-staining, slender, rod-like (length three times that of the breadth) acid-fast bacilli were found scattered throughout the section. A few histiocytes closely packed with acid-fast bacilli, together with lymphocytic infiltrates, were also seen. There was a prominent eosinophilic stained clear zone just below the epidermis. It was free from acid-fast bacilli as well as the inflammatory infiltrate (Fig. 2a,b). A definitive diagnosis of untreated lepromatous leprosy (LL) changing to histoid leprosy (de novo) was made. Figure 2. (a, b) Histoid leprosy depicting granuloma formed by histiocytes displaying whorl-wind, criss-cross or interlacing pattern, and a clear zone beneath the epidermis (H&E ×40) Solid and uniform staining acid fast bacilli, , slender, rod-like, length 3 times that of breadth found scattered throughout the granuloma (H&E ×100) [source] Patterning of the axial musculature in the developing chick embryo (Gallus)JOURNAL OF ANATOMY, Issue 5 2002P. J. Adds While the development and patterning events of the skeletal, myogenic and connective tissues of the developing limb buds of the chick have been relatively well studied, there is little known about the formation of the epaxial muscles and tendons. The epaxial muscles form the postvertebral muscle groups and develop from the myotome of the somite. The myotome develops from myogenic precursors migrating from the dorsomedial lip of the dermomyotome. These myogenic cells differentiate in a cranial to caudal sequence with the muscle fibres also orientated in a cranial to caudal direction. Here we use immunohistological staining both in whole mount and in transverse sections of chick embryos from various stages of development. Antibodies to the myosin heavy chain or tenascin were used to visualise the development of the epaxial muscles and tendons. The first myotomal muscle fibres are differentiated by Hamburger and Hamilton (H & H) stage 10 in the cranial somites, and differentiation proceeds caudally until at least H & H stage 22,23. Further development of the epaxial muscles does not take place until H & H stage 26,27 with the splitting of the myotome into the individual muscles. We demonstrate how the myotome splits into the individual muscles and how some muscle fibres become reorientated into a more oblique orientation. This delayed development and reorientation of muscle fibres is unique to the epaxial muscles. [source] CAD-based automated robot programming in adhesive spray systems for shoe outsoles and uppersJOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS (FORMERLY JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS), Issue 11 2004J. Y. Kim Most shoe manufacturing processes are not yet automated; it puts restrictions on increasing productivity. Among them, adhesive application processes particularly are holding the most workers and working hours. In addition, the working environment is very poor due to the toxicity of adhesive agents. In the case of automating an adhesive application process by using a robot, robot teaching by playback is difficult to produce high productivity because the kinds of shoes to be taught mount up to several thousands. To cope with it, it is necessary to generate robot working paths automatically according to the kind, the size, or the right and the left of shoes, and also to teach the generated paths to a robot automatically. This paper presents a method to generate three-dimensional robot working paths off-line based on CAD data in an automatic adhesive spray system for shoe outsoles and uppers. First, this paper describes how to extract the three-dimensional data of an outsole outline from a two-dimensional CAD drawing file. Second, it describes how to extract the three-dimensional data of an upper profiling line from the three-dimensional scanning data that is opened in a three-dimensional CAD program. Third, it describes how to generate robot working paths based on the extracted data and the nozzle setting parameters for adhesive spray. Also, a series of experiments for adhesive spray is performed to verify the effectiveness of the presented methods. This study will do much for increasing productivity in shoe manufacturing as a core work of a robotic adhesive spray system. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Constraints on the early metamorphic evolution of Broken Hill, Australia, from in situ U-Pb dating and REE geochemistry of monaziteJOURNAL OF METAMORPHIC GEOLOGY, Issue 1 2009C. R. M. McFARLANE Abstract The Broken Hill Pb-Zn deposit, New South Wales Australia, is hosted in granulite facies gneisses of the Southern Curnamona Province (SCP) that have long been known to record a polydeformational and polymetamorphic history. The details of this potentially prolonged tectonothermal history have remained poorly understood because of a historical emphasis on conventional (i.e. grain mount) U-Pb zircon geochronology to reveal details of the sedimentary, magmatic and metamorphic history of the rock that crops out in the vicinity of the city of Broken Hill. An alternative approach to unravelling the metamorphic history of the granulite facies gneisses in and around Broken Hill is to date accessory minerals, such as monazite, that participate in sub-solidus metamorphic reactions. We have taken advantage of the high spatial resolution and high sensitivity afforded by SHRIMP monazite geochronology to reconstruct the early history of the metamorphic rocks at Broken Hill. In contrast to previous studies, in situ analysis of monazite grains preserved in their original textural context in polished thin sections is used. Guided by electron microprobe X-ray maps, SHRIMP U-Pb dates for three distinct monazite compositional domains record pulses of monazite growth at c. 1657 Ma, c.1630 Ma and c.1602 Ma. It is demonstrated that these ages correspond to monazite growth during lower amphibolite facies, upper amphibolite facies and granulite facies metamorphism, respectively. It is speculated that this progressive heating of the SCP crust may have been driven by inversion of the upper crust during the Olarian Orogeny that was pre-heated by magmatic underplating at c.1657 Ma. [source] Non-radioactive in situ detection of mRNA in ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes and in the developing heartMICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE, Issue 5 2002Arnoud C. Fijnvandraat Abstract Non-radioactive in situ hybridisation is an excellent method to visualise mRNA molecules within their topographical context. Recently we have reported a new non-radioactive in situ hybridisation procedure on tissue sections that is essentially based on the whole mount in situ hybridisation procedure. This method is superior in spatial resolution and sensitivity compared to the radioactive in situ hybridisation procedure. Generally, low levels of gene expression, such as found with the developmental onset of gene expression and in differentiating embryonic stem cells, are difficult to detect by in situ hybridisation. Here an application of the protocol is presented which is based on tyramide signal amplification, which enables the detection of very low abundant mRNAs. The significance of this method is two-fold: (1) the molecular phenotype of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes can be examined at the cellular level with high sensitivity, and (2) the number of cells that express the gene of interest can be assessed. Microsc. Res. Tech. 58:387,394, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Presumptive pre-sertoli cells express genes involved in cell proliferation and cell signalling during a critical window in early testis differentiationMOLECULAR REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT, Issue 12 2007Aron T. Cory In mammals, the pre-Sertoli cell of the male genital ridge is the first cell type to display sex specific differentiation and differential gene expression. The genetic cascade driving the differentiationof pre-Sertoli cells and ultimately testis formationis beginning to be unravelled, but many questions remain. A better understanding of the transcriptome of pre-Sertoli cells immediately after sex determination is essential in order to further understand this differentiationprocess. A mouse model expressing Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP) under the control of a hybrid mouse/pig SRY promoter (HybSRYp-RFP) was used to purify cells from embryonic day 12.0 (e12.0) male genital ridges. To compare the transcriptomes of HybSRYp-RFP cell populations versus age matched whole female genital ridges, RNA was extracted and used to generate molecular probes that were hybridized onto Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 micro-arrays. The expression of genes considered markers for pre-Sertoli cells, including Sox9, Mis, Dhh and Fgf9 were identified within the HybSRYp-RFP expressing cell population, while markers for germ cells (Oct4, SSEA-1) and endothelial cells (Ntrk3) were not identified. In contrast, markers for ovarian somatic cell expression, including Fst and Bmp2, were identified as overexpressed within the ovarian cell population. In a general fashion, genes identified as 2.5-fold over expressed in HybSRYp-RFP expressing cells coded notably for cell signalling and extra cellular proteins. The expression of Sox10, Stc2, Fgf18, Fgf13 and Wnt6 were further characterized via whole mount in situ hybridization (WISH) on male and female genital ridges between e11.5 and e14.5. Sox10, Fgf18, Fgf13 and Stc2 gene expression was detected within the male genital ridges while Wnt6 was found diffusely within both the male and female genital ridges. These data represent the earliest comprehensive microarray expression analysis of purified presumptive pre-Sertoli cells available to date. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 74: 1491,1504, 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Mycotic keratitis: an overview of diagnosis and therapyMYCOSES, Issue 3 2008P. K. Shukla Summary The increased incidence of fungal infections in the recent past has been attributed to the increase in the number of human immunodeficiency virus-positive and AIDS patients. Early diagnosis of mycoses in patients is crucial for prompt antifungal therapy. The yield of clinical examination in the diagnosis of keratomycosis is 63,83% and KOH mount is 91%. This still highlights the limitation of routine clinical examination and smear examination, which is not performing 100% efficiently. It is for these 37%, 17% and 9% of cases, every day advanced technologies are called for. Those who deal with patient care are aware of certainties and uncertainties of results of clinical examination. The best reported figures at specialized centres might not translate into clinical practice. Another factor to be kept in mind is that many patients who come after secondary and tertiary referrals are already treated with antibiotics, antivirals, steroids and sometimes even antifungals that distort the clinical picture completely. Further, one has to consider as well the cases caused by yeast-like fungi, which resemble bacterial keratitis. Confirmation of diagnosis, not only in case of mycotic keratitis but also for other diseases, to initiate prompt and accurate therapy would avoid unnecessary and indiscriminate use of steroids/antibacterials/antivirals and antifungals. [source] Kazakhs cut output forecasts as Kashagan delays mountOIL AND ENERGY TRENDS, Issue 1 2008Article first published online: 11 JAN 200 Once the brightest hope of the Caspian region for oil production, Kazakhstan is beset by disputes between the government and foreign oil companies. The quarrels cover a variety of issues, but the most serious is the one that concerns the country's largest and much delayed oilfield at Kashagan. [source] The Spectrum of Skin Disease Among Indian ChildrenPEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2009D.N.B., Kabir Sardana M.D., M.N.A.M.S. A retrospective study was designed to evaluate the epidemiologic features of pediatric dermatoses in India. The setting was a tertiary care referral center in India (Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi) during January 1997 to December 2003. A total of 30,078 children less than 12 years of age with 32,341 new dermatoses were recorded, with a male to female ratio of 1.07:1. Most of the disease was seen in the 1- to 5-year age group (44.94%). The most common skin diseases were infections and infestations (47.15%) consisting of bacterial infections (58.09%) and scabies (21.54%), followed by eczemas (26.95%), infantile seborrheic dermatitis, scabies, and pityriasis alba. Other unique dermatoses in our settings were papular uticaria (3.59%), miliaria (5.46%), postinflammatory pigmentary abnormalities (1.68%), and nutritional deficiency dermatoses (0.45%). A majority of patients were diagnosed clinically and special diagnostic tests were conducted in 2.6% of patients. The most common diagnostic test used was KOH mount (59.2%), followed by skin biopsy (39%). Nearly 90% of patients were seen without any referral and in the remaining, a majority were referred by pediatricians (75%). A majority of patients were diagnosed to have infection followed by dermatitis in our setting. [source] The Effects of Oral Administration of D-Modafinil on Male Rat Ejaculatory BehaviorTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 1pt1 2010Lesley Marson PhD ABSTRACT Introduction., Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most common forms of male sexual dysfunction. Examination of various classes of drugs on ejaculation latency would provide further opportunities for drug development in this field. Aim., This study was conducted to examine the effects of the d-isomer of modafinil (d-modafinil) on ejaculatory behavior in a rat model. Methods., Male sexual behavior in the rat was examined after acute oral administration of d-modafinil (10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg) in copulation studies with receptive females. Main Outcome Measures., The latency to ejaculation, post-ejaculatory interval, and the frequency of mounting behavior were measured. Results d-modafinil (30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) produced a significant delay in ejaculation. The delay in ejaculation was accompanied by an increase in the number of intromissions without any change in the mount or intromission latency. The possible mechanisms of action of d-modafinil to produce this delay in ejaculation are discussed. Conclusions., These results demonstrate that acute oral administration of d-modafinil can lengthen the latency to ejaculation in rats without suppressing sexual behavior. The greatest delay in ejaculation was observed in animals with shorter baseline ejaculatory latencies. Investigation into new classes of drugs that modulate ejaculation may provide new therapeutic options for treating PE. Marson L, Yu G, and Farber NM. The effects of oral administration of d-modafinil on male rat ejaculatory behavior. J Sex Med 2010;7:70,78. [source] Progress in the Development of a High Performance Airborne Digital SensorTHE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECORD, Issue 96 2000P. Fricker Joint development work by LH Systems and Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (German Aerospace Center) has produced encouraging results using forward, nadir and backward looking linear arrays on the focal plane to provide panchromatic imagery and geometric information, supplemented by further arrays to acquire multispectral imagery suitable for both high precision photogrammetric mapping and image processing for interpretative purposes. The geometric characteristics of line scanner imagery necessitate line-by-line rectification for aircraft tilts and shifts. Satisfactory execution of this process is enhanced by using supplementary data from high performance, on-board GPS and inertial measurement systems. Similarly, high demands are placed on other sub-systems, such as the camera mount, lens, electronics and storage technology. In addition to rectification for aircraft tilts and shifts, rectification for terrain characteristics is also required in order to generate colour and false colour composite images, since the various multispectral arrays are in different places on the focal plane. The special geometry affects triangulation. Thereafter, the imagery can be processed using existing software packages from both photogrammetry and remote sensing. The concept has been demonstrated in several successful test flights and the production model is scheduled for market introduction at the ISPRS Congress in July 2000. The imagery from the new sensor will fulfil many market requirements between the highest resolution film imagery (<0.1 m) and high resolution space imagery (1m to 10 m). The sensor's unique blend of multispectral information with high quality geometric information will give rise to numerous new applications. [source] Axin2 expression identifies progenitor cells in the murine prostateTHE PROSTATE, Issue 12 2008Christopher S. Ontiveros Abstract BACKGROUND We previously reported that prostatic stem/progenitor cells are concentrated in the proximal region of prostatic ducts and express stem cell antigen 1 (Sca-1). As Wnt signaling is important for the maintenance of stem cells, we determined whether Sca-1 expressing cells also express Axin2, as Axin2 expression is highly suggestive of active Wnt signaling. METHODS Axin2 promoter reporter mice were used for whole mount and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis to determine its expression in the prostate. Axin2 expressing cells were also examined for the co-expression of Sca-1. We also used a chemical activator of Wnt signaling, BIO, to determine the effects of Wnt signaling on the growth of primary prostate cells in vitro. RESULTS We show that Axin2 expression is present in all lobes and is regulated by androgens with the highest Axin2 expression in the lateral and dorsal prostate. Furthermore, a fraction of Axin2 expressing cells co-express Sca-1, suggesting that some progenitor cells have active Wnt signaling. Lastly, we demonstrate that activation of the Wnt pathway may result in increased growth, consistent with a role for Wnt signaling in maintenance and/or expansion of the progenitor cell population. CONCLUSION Axin2 expressing cells that co-express Sca-1 are present in all prostate lobes suggesting that progenitor cells reside within the Wnt active population. An understanding of the basic biology of signaling pathways mediating growth in the prostate may lead to rational therapies to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Prostate 68:1263,1272, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] A blocked catheter mountANAESTHESIA, Issue 2 2001R. Thomas No abstract is available for this article. [source] Synthesis of 3-methyl-N-substituted-1H-indoleASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 5 2009Xiao-Lin Zhang Abstract A practical synthesis of 3-methyl-N-substituted-1H-indole (N-substituted-skatole) starting from 2-halogen phenylamine was described, by following acetylation or sulfonylation, alkylation and the intramolecular Heck reaction. In this article, effects of the reactions temperature, solvent, time, proportion and the mount of catalyst were investigated. Target product has an application prospect. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A 2-m robotic telescope projectASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN, Issue 6-8 2004R. Geyl Abstract This paper reports a recently started project for a 2-m diameter robotic telescope dedicated to astronomy and education. After a brief recall of SAGAM-REOSC background in this domain, the project will be presented with more details on the telescope optics, mount and control system, the dome, the coating chamber and the weather station. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] 3134: Identification of potential human corneal endothelial stem-like cell nichesACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2010G THURET Purpose to study the localization of potential stem-(like) cells in human adult corneal endothelium Methods Fresh (6-12h post mortem) and organ cultured (OC) corneas were studied after flat mount. The whole endothelium and posterior limbus (PL) was observed after triple staining with Trypan blue, Alizarin red and Hoechst 33342, in order to determine cells shape, localization and viability. The level of endothelial cell (EC) differenciation was determined after immunostaining (fluorescence) for ZO-1, Na+/K+ ATPase and COX IV; the cell proliferation status was assessed using Ki67; four markers for stem cells were used: Oct-4, BCRP, Nestin and Telomerase; ability for cell migration was evaluated from Myosin IIA expression Results In several corneas, the nuclei of peripheral EC were centripetally aligned suggesting continuous slow central migration. Numerous small cells with a reduced expression of differenciation markers were accumulated near peripheral Hassall Henle bodies. In these potential niches, cells were distributed in 3-5 layers. A high expression of Myosin II was found in peripheral cells. Ki67+ cells were found in PL and peripheral EC only after OC. None of the 4 stem cell markers was found in EC, and their expression in PL was poorly reliable because of high background noise. Numerous trypan blue positive cells were located at the PL and in the extreme periphery of endothelium Conclusion several strong arguments suggest the location of corneal endothelial stem-like cell niches in endothelial periphery or in the PL, and the capacity of EC to migrate from these niches toward the centre. Trypan blue staining pattern suggests that they could rapidly die in ex vivo corneas, and be therefore hard to indentify [source] Expression of nebulette during early cardiac developmentCYTOSKELETON, Issue 4 2007Michael Esham Abstract Nebulette, a cardiac homologue of nebulin, colocalizes with ,-actinin in the pre-myofibrils of spreading cardiomyocytes and has been hypothesized to play a critical role in the formation of the thin-filament-Z-line complex early during myofibrillogenesis. Data from mesodermal explants or whole tissue mounts of developing hearts suggest that the pattern of myofibrillogenesis in situ may differ from observations of spreading cardiomyocytes. To evaluate the role of nebulette in myofibrillogenesis, we have analyzed the expression of nebulette in chicken heart rudiments by immunoblots and immunofluorescence. We detect the 110 kDa nebulette in heart rudiments derived from stage 9,10 using the anti-nebulin mAb, N114, or polyclonal anti-nebulette Abs by immunoblotting. Immunofluorescence analysis of explants stained with anti-nebulette and anti-,-actinin Abs demonstrates that both proteins localize along actin filaments in punctate to continuous manner at early stages of cardiac development and later give rise to striations. In both cases, the punctate staining had a periodicity of ,1.0 ,m indicating a pre-myofibrils distribution at the earliest time points examined. We demonstrate that nebulette is indeed associated with premyofibrils in very early stages of myofibrillogenesis and suggest that nebulette may play an important role in the formation of these structures. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Correlation of fluorescence and electron microscopy of F-actin-containing sensory cells in the epidermis of Convoluta pulchra (Platyhelminthes: Acoela)ACTA ZOOLOGICA, Issue 1 2002R Pfistermüller Abstract Phalloidin-stained whole mounts of acoel turbellarians show brightly fluorescing club-shaped structures distributed over the epidermis and concentrated especially at the anterior and posterior tips of the body. By correlating electron micrographic images and fluorescence images of Convoluta pulchra, these structures can be seen to be sensory receptors with a central cilium surrounded by a collar of microvilli. The other candidate for showing fluorescence in the epidermis, namely gland necks, can be ruled out since their distribution is too dense to resemble the distribution of the fluorescent structures seen here. The collared sensory receptors were inserted between epidermal cells, and each bore a central cilium surrounded by a collar of 6,18 microvilli and an additional centrally positioned 2,7 microvilli of which 2 or 3 were associated with a modified rootlet called the swallow's nest. Confocal scanning laser microscopy resolved the core of actin filaments within the microvilli of the collar and their rootlet-like connections to the base of the sensory cell. Such receptors could also be identified by fluorescence microscopy in several other species of acoel turbellarians. [source] Hybrid platform for vibration control of high-tech equipment in buildings subject to ground motion.EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS, Issue 8 2003Part 1: experiment Abstract This paper presents an experimental study, while a companion paper addresses an analytical study, to explore the possibility of using a hybrid platform to mitigate vibration of a batch of high-tech equipment installed in a building subject to nearby traffic-induced ground motion. A three-storey building model and a hybrid platform model are designed and manufactured. The hybrid platform is mounted on the building floor through passive mounts composed of leaf springs and oil dampers and controlled actively by an electromagnetic actuator with velocity feedback control strategy. The passive mounts are designed in such a way that the stiffness and damping ratio of the platform can be changed. A series of shaking table tests are then performed on the building model without the platform, with the passive platform of different parameters, and with the hybrid platform. The experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid platform is very effective in reducing the velocity response of a batch of high-tech equipment in the building subject to nearby traffic-induced ground motion if dynamic properties of the platform and control feedback gain are selected appropriately. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||