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Metabolic Equivalent (metabolic + equivalent)
Selected AbstractsPhysical activity and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohortINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 4 2009Nina Føns Johnsen Abstract The evidence concerning the possible association between physical activity and the risk of prostate cancer is inconsistent and additional data are needed. We examined the association between risk of prostate cancer and physical activity at work and in leisure time in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. In our study, including 127,923 men aged 20,97 years from 8 European countries, 2,458 cases of prostate cancer were identified during 8.5 years of followup. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, we investigated the associations between prostate cancer incidence rate and occupational activity and leisure time activity in terms of participation in sports, cycling, walking and gardening; a metabolic equivalent (MET) score based on weekly time spent on the 4 activities; and a physical activity index. MET hours per week of leisure time activity, higher score in the physical activity index, participation in any of the 4 leisure time activities, and the number of leisure time activities in which the participants were active were not associated with prostate cancer incidence. However, higher level of occupational physical activity was associated with lower risk of advanced stage prostate cancer (ptrend = 0.024). In conclusion, our data support the hypothesis of an inverse association between advanced prostate cancer risk and occupational physical activity, but we found no support for an association between prostate cancer risk and leisure time physical activity. © 2009 UICC [source] A case,control study on the dietary intake of mushrooms and breast cancer risk among Korean womenINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 4 2008Seo Ah Hong Abstract To evaluate the association between dietary mushroom intake and breast cancer risk, a total of 362 women between the ages of 30 and 65 years who were histologically confirmed to have breast cancer were matched to controls by age (±2 years) and menopausal status. Mushroom intake was measured via a food frequency questionnaire that was administered by well-trained interviewers. The associations between the daily intake and the average consumption frequency of mushrooms with breast cancer risk were evaluated using matched data analysis. Both the daily intake (5th vs. 1st quintile, OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.30,0.78, p for trend 0.030) and the average consumption frequency of mushrooms (4th vs. 1st quartile, OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.35,0.82, p for trend 0.008) were inversely associated with breast cancer risk after adjustment for education, family history of breast cancer, regular exercise [,22.5 MET (metabolic equivalent)-hr/week], BMI (body mass index, Kg/m2), number of children and whether they are currently smoking, drinking or using multivitamin supplements. Further adjustments were made for energy-adjusted carbohydrate, soy protein, folate and vitamin E levels, which tended to attenuate these results. After a stratification was performed according to menopausal status, a strong inverse association was found in postmenopausal women (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.04,0.54, p for trend = 0.0058 for daily intake; OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.05,0.54, p for trend = 0.0037 for average frequency), but not in premenopausal women. In conclusion, the consumption of dietary mushrooms may decrease breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The Difference of Heart Rate Recovery between Males with and without Erectile DysfunctionANNALS OF NONINVASIVE ELECTROCARDIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010M. Tolga Dogru M.D. Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between heart rate recovery (HRR) time and Chronotropic Index (CHIND) parameters, which also reflect autonomic function, after exercise stress test (EST) in males with or without erectile dysfunction (ED), and we investigated the relationship between HRR and CHIND and serum steroid hormone levels. Material and Methods: A total of 135 participants (mean age: 45.0 ± 11.8 years) were enrolled into the study. Detailed biochemical and hormonal analyses, 12-lead electrocardiography and EST (Treadmill) were performed in all participants. Erectile function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire form. Patients were categorized into two groups according to their IIEF scores as ED (+) (IIEF < 26) and ED (,) (IIEF , 26). Afterward, statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the correlations between ED and HRR and CHIND. Results: A total of 65 patients were ED (+) (mean age 44.9 ± 6.4 years), while 70 patients (mean age 43.7 ± 7.7 years) had normal erectile status. There were statistically significant differences in CHIND (P = 0.015) and HRR time (P = 0.037) between ED (+) and ED (,) patients. In correlation analysis, IIEF score was found positively correlated with HRR and metabolic equivalent (MET) values (rHRR= 0.293, P = 0.037; rMETs= 0.388, P = 0.011, respectively). Linear regression analysis revealed that METs value and total exercise time had a more linear relationship with IIEF score compared to the other EST parameters (pMETs= 0.002 and pTET= 0.015, respectively). Conclusion: Chronotropic incompetence and dynamic postexercise autonomic dysfunction are present in ED patients. This condition may reflect decreased functional capacity and exercise intolerance in these patients. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2010;15(3):223,229 [source] Impact of Right Ventricular Pacing Sites on Exercise Capacity during Ventricular Rate Regularization in Patients with Permanent Atrial FibrillationPACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 12 2009HUNG-FAT TSE M.D., Ph.D. Background:The deleterious effects of right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing may offset the potential benefit of ventricular rate (VR) regularization and rate adaptation during an exercise in patient's atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods:We studied 30 patients with permanent AF and symptomatic bradycardia who receive pacemaker implantation with RVA (n = 15) or right ventricular septal (RVS, n = 15) pacing. All the patients underwent an acute cardiopulmonary exercise testing using VVI-mode (VVI-OFF) and VVI-mode with VR regularization (VRR) algorithm on (VVI-ON). Results:There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups, except pacing QRS duration was significantly shorter during RVS pacing than RVA pacing (138.9 ± 5 vs 158.4 ± 6.1 ms, P = 0.035). Overall, VVI-ON mode increased the peak exercise VR, exercise time, metabolic equivalents (METs), and peak oxygen consumption (VO2max), and decreased the VR variability compared with VVI-OFF mode during exercise (P < 0.05), suggesting that VRR pacing improved exercise capacity during exercise. However, further analysis on the impact of VRR pacing with different pacing sites revealed that only patients with RVS pacing but not patients with RVA pacing had significant increased exercise time, METs, and VO2max during VVI-ON compared with VVI-OFF, despite similar changes in peaked exercise VR and VR variability. Conclusion:In patients with permanent AF, VRR pacing at RVS, but not at RVA, improved exercise capacity during exercise. [source] Coronary Risk Factor Management in the Framework of a Community Hospital-Based Ambulatory Exercise Training ProgramPREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY, Issue 2 2004Morton Leibowitz MD Ischemic heart disease is a chronic illness that causes major mortality and morbidity. Angiographic studies have shown the effectiveness of exercise programs, in combination with aggressive lipid management, in reversing or slowing the progression of atherosclerotic coronary disease. Despite these studies, participation in supervised programs that combine exercise and risk-factor management is limited. The authors measured the ability of a community hospital-based ambulatory cardiac rehabilitation program to recruit patients and to facilitate reduction of risk factors that have been demonstrated to influence progression of disease. Patients were recruited from a single community hospital for an ambulatory exercise training and cardiac risk-factor management program, and clinical and laboratory data was collected periodically. Recruited patients participated in a minimum 3-month period of training and counseling by a multidisciplinary team with follow-up measurements of weight, lipid profile, blood pressure, and exercise capacity. Thirty-two percent of the eligible hospitalized patients were successfully recruited into the program. Dropout rates over the initial 3 months were low (25%). Improvement in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (,4.5%), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (+7%), body mass index (,2%), systolic blood pressure (,3%), and maximum metabolic equivalents (+25%) were comparable to levels achieved in studies showing angiographic stabilization and/or regression of disease. Implementation of a community hospital-based risk management exercise program is an effective method for improving the long-term management of patients with chronic ischemic heart disease. [source] Associations between leisure-time physical activity and health-related quality of life among adolescent and adult survivors of childhood cancersPSYCHO-ONCOLOGY, Issue 9 2010Raheem J. Paxton Abstract Objective: Survivors of childhood cancer are at an increased risk for reduced quality of life (QOL), yet few studies have explored factors associated with improving health-related QOL (HRQOL) in this population. We thus explored the relationship between physical activity (PA) and HRQOL among survivors of childhood cancer. Methods: A total of 215 survivors of childhood lymphoma, leukemia, and central nervous system cancers completed mailed surveys that elicited information regarding leisure-time PA (LTPA) measured in metabolic equivalents, HRQOL, and diagnostic and demographic factors. Correlations and adjusted regression models were used to explore the relationship between LTPA and HRQOL. Results: In the total sample, modest, yet significant linear associations were observed between LTPA and overall HRQOL (,=0.17, p<0.01), as well as each of the respective subscales (,=0.11,0.23 and p's<0.05 to <0.001). Among adolescent survivors of childhood cancer, LTPA was significantly associated with overall HRQOL (,=0.27), cancer worry (,=0.36), cognitive function (,=0.32), body appearance (,=0.29), and social function (,=0.27) (all p's<0.05). Among adult survivors of childhood cancer, LTPA was only significantly associated with physical function (,=0.28, p<0.001). Conclusions: Significant associations exist between LTPA and HRQOL; however, the association was stronger and observed in more domains for adolescent survivors of childhood cancer. More research is needed to determine the antecedents and consequences of PA in this population. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||