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Application Potential (application + potential)
Selected AbstractsMicrobial desulfurization of gasoline by free whole-cells of Rhodococcus erythropolis XPFEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 2 2006Bo Yu Abstract Rhodococcus erythropolis XP could grow well with condensed thiophenes, mono-thiophenic compounds and mercaptans present in gasoline. Rhodococcus erythropolis XP was also capable of efficiently degrading the condensed thiophenes in resting cell as well as biphasic reactions in which n -octane served as a model oil phase. Free whole cells of R. erythropolis XP were adopted to desulfurize fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and straight-run (SR) gasoline oils. About 30% of the sulfur content of FCC gasoline and 85% of sulfur in SR gasoline were reduced, respectively. Gas chromatography analysis with atomic emission detection also showed depletion of sulfur compounds in SR gasoline. Rhodococcus erythropolis XP could partly resist the toxicity of gasoline and had an application potential to biodesulfurization of gasoline. [source] Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Orange,Red-Emitting M2Si5N8:Eu2+ (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) Light-Emitting Diode Conversion Phosphors by a Simple Nitridation of MSi2INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY, Issue 4 2009Hui-Li Li Eu2+ -doped M2Si5N8 (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) orange,red phosphors were successfully prepared by a simple, direct, and efficient solid-state reaction using air-stable MSi2, Eu2O3, and ,-Si3N4 as the starting materials under N2,H2 (5%) atmosphere. The influence of the type of the alkaline-earth ion on the phase structure and luminescence properties has been investigated. The results show that the synthesized powders have a single-phase crystal structure of M2Si5N8 for M=Ca, Sr, and a little amount of BaSi7N10 impurity phase for M=Ba. Under the blue light excitation, M2Si5N8:Eu2+ shows a typical broad band emission of Eu2+ ranging from orange to red (585,620 nm) depending on the type of M ion. The emission intensity, conversion efficiency, and thermal stability increase with the sequence of Ca Capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection for low molecular weight organic acids in different samplesJOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE, JSS, Issue 18 2007Wai Siang Law Abstract CE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D) was explored and validated for the identification and quantification of organic acids in various types of samples. The analyses were performed under optimized conditions, using a buffer system composed of 20 mM MES-histidine (His), pH 6.0, 0.1 mM CTAB, 0.025% HP-,-CD, and 10% methanol. The investigation included a study of the effects of buffer pH, concentration of CTAB, type and concentration of organic additives, on the migration behavior, resolution and selectivity of the organic acids. The intra- and interday RSDs (n = 6) obtained for migration time and peak area were typically in the range of 0.12,2% and 0.5,4%, respectively. Linearity, detection limits, and repeatability were evaluated. In order to evaluate the application potential of the developed method, real samples from different sources were analyzed. The results demonstrate that CE-C4D is a versatile tool for analyzing organic acids in beverages, Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) and plants as it allows for their detection, identification, and quantification. [source] A Novel Inorganic Polymer as Cathode Material for Secondary Lithium BatteriesMACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS & ENGINEERING, Issue 10 2005Guo-Xiang Xu Abstract Summary: This paper introduces a new inorganic poly(phosphazene disulfide) material. With unique element composition and molecular structure, the polymer has noncombustible safety and preferable conductivity. When used as cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries, the polymer's first discharge capacity is as high as 467.9 mAh,·,g,1, which can be retained at 409.9 mAh,·,g,1 after 60 repeated cycles. Therefore, it has a great application potential in the field of lithium batteries. Replacement of the Cl atoms by SS groups by refluxing Na2S2 and linear poly(dichloro-phosphazene). [source] Entwicklung hochverschleißbeständiger wolframschmelzkarbidbasierter Schichten auf Aluminiumbauteilen durch Plasma-Pulver-Auftragschweißen,MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT UND WERKSTOFFTECHNIK, Issue 7 2007S. Kondapalli Dipl.-Ing. plasma transferred arc welding; wear-resistant coating; aluminium; composite coating; fused tungsten carbide Abstract Durch den Einsatz von Wolframschmelzkarbid können Funktionsflächen von Bauteilen mit stark abrasiven Beanspruchungen wirkungsvoll geschützt werden. Bereits seit vielen Jahren wird Wolframschmelzkarbid eingesetzt, um die Verschleißeigenschaften von Stahl zu verbessern. In diesem Artikel werden Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen zum Verschleißschutz von Aluminiumoberflächen mithilfe des Plasma-Pulver-Auftragschweißens von wolframschmelzkarbidbasierten Schichten vorgestellt. Die Wolframschmelzkarbid-Schichten werden mit zwei Methoden entwickelt, zum einen durch Dispergieren von Wolframschmelzkarbidpartikeln, zum anderen durch eine Kombination aus Dispergieren und Legieren von Verbundpulvern auf Wolframschmelzkarbidbasis. Die Schweißbarkeit der Pulversysteme wird für variierende Auftragschweißparameter und Karbidpartikelanteile untersucht. Im Anschluss erfolgt die Analyse der spezifischen Eigenschaften und der Verschleißbeständigkeit der entwickelten Schichten. Abschließend wird das Anwendungspotenzial am Beispiel von Führungsrollen dargestellt. Development of high wear-resistant FTC-based coatings on aluminium components using plasma transferred arc welding Nowadays, functional surfaces of components can be effectively protected from extreme wear with the help of fused tungsten carbide (FTC) coatings. The wear protection of steel components using FTC has been well known for many years. This paper presents the feasible study of improving the wear resistance of aluminium components with FTC particles using plasma powder arc welding. The FTC coatings are developed with two methods: one is the dispersion of carbide particles in aluminium and the other one is the combination of dispersing and alloying of FTC-based composite powders. In this research, coatings within a thickness range of a few millimeters are developed with varying process parameters and compositions of the filler materials. The developed coating systems are tested with regard to their specific properties and their wear resistance. Finally, their application potential is presented. [source] Bonding environment and electronic structure of Gd metallofullerene and Gd nanowire filled single-wall carbon nanotubesPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (B) BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 10 2008T. Pichler Abstract Being single-walled carbon nanotubes, archetypical 1D systems with peculiar anisotropic electronic properties, it is possible to infer modifications in a controlled manner by filling their inner hollow space. One successful approach was proposed for Gd, which regards filling with metallofullerenes and a successful transformation into different novelmetal nanowires by a versatile nanochemical reaction. In this contribution we report on a combined high resolution photoemission and X-ray absorption study on Gd@C82 peapods and Gd nanowires. From a detailed analysis of the Gd 4d response and the valence band in photoemission we are able to elucidate the changes in the bonding environment and charge transfer in these 1D systems. We observe a clear modification of the low energy electronic properties of the SWCNT by the filling with Gd nanowires. Our findings provide important input to understand the interplay between charge transfer and hyridisation in the nanochemical processes in these hybrid systems and to elucidate their electronic transport properties regarding their application potential in nanoelectronic devices. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Reactive Imprint Lithography: Combined Topographical Patterning and Chemical Surface Functionalization of Polystyrene- block -poly(tert -butyl acrylate) FilmsADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 3 2010Joost Duvigneau Abstract Here, reactive imprint lithography (RIL) is introduced as a new, one-step lithographic tool for the fabrication of large-area topographically patterned, chemically activated polymer platforms. Films of polystyrene- block -poly(tert -butyl acrylate) (PS- b -PtBA) are imprinted with PDMS master stamps at temperatures above the corresponding glass transition and chemical deprotection temperatures to yield structured films with exposed carboxylic acid and anhydride groups. Faithful pattern transfer is confirmed by AFM analyses. Transmission-mode FTIR spectra shows a conversion of over 95% of the tert -butyl ester groups after RIL at 230,°C for 5 minutes and a significantly reduced conversion to anhydride compared to thermolysis of neat films with free surfaces in air or nitrogen. An enrichment of the surface layer in PS is detected by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In order to demonstrate application potentials of the activated platforms, a 7,nm,±,1,nm thick NH2 -terminated PEG layer (grafting density of 0.9 chains nm,2) is covalently grafted to RIL-activated substrates. This layer reduces the non-specific adsorption (NSA) of bovine serum albumin by 95% to a residual mass coverage of 9.1,±,2.9,ng cm,2. As shown by these examples, RIL comprises an attractive complementary approach to produce bio-reactive polymer surfaces with topographic patterns in a one-step process. [source] Recent Progress in Syntheses and Applications of Dumbbell-like NanoparticlesADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 30 2009Chao Wang Abstract This paper reviews the recent research progress in the syntheses and applications of dumbbell-like nanoparticles (NPs). It first describes the general synthesis of dumbbell-like NPs that contain noble metal and magnetic NPs/or quantum dots. It then outlines the interesting optical and magnetic properties found in these dumbbell NPs. The review further highlights several exciting application potentials of these NPs in catalysis and biomedicine. [source]
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