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Methods Result (methods + result)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Psychology	50%
Mathematics and Statistics	50%

Selected Abstracts

A systematic comparison of coupled and distributive smoothing in multigrid for the poroelasticity system

NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS, Issue 2-3 2004
F. J. Gaspar
Abstract In this paper, we present efficient multigrid methods for the system of poroelasticity equations discretized on a staggered grid. In particular, we compare two different smoothing approaches with respect to efficiency and robustness. One approach is based on the coupled relaxation philosophy. We introduce ,cell-wise' and ,line-wise' versions of the coupled smoothers. They are compared with a distributive relaxation, that gives us a decoupled system of equations. It can be smoothed equation-wise with basic iterative methods. All smoothing methods are evaluated for the same poroelasticity test problems in which parameters, like the time step, or the Lamé coefficients are varied. Some highly efficient methods result, as is confirmed by the numerical experiments. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

What can clinical behaviour analysis contribute to nidotherapy?

PERSONALITY AND MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2010
David Veale
Nidotherapy is an approach that involves the assessment and modification of situational or interpersonal aspects. It is used to reduce the impact of severe mental disorder when previous therapies have failed and suggests that its methods result in improved social functioning. We describe nidotherapy as a novel intervention, and to enhance understanding, compare and contrast nidotherapy with clinical behaviour analysis. To facilitate establishing an evidence base, our recommendations include: clarification of the theory underlying nidotherapy; collaboration with clinical behaviour analysts to explore the role of situational and interpersonal changes within the theoretical system; design of single-subject experiments to gather data pertaining to individuals; consideration of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy to examine the therapeutic bond; a definition of the repertoires and competencies of nidotherapists to guarantee supervision; and long-term follow-up to rule out unintended effects of environmental changes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

A Flexible Approach to Measurement Error Correction in Case,Control Studies

BIOMETRICS, Issue 4 2008
A. Guolo
Summary We investigate the use of prospective likelihood methods to analyze retrospective case,control data where some of the covariates are measured with error. We show that prospective methods can be applied and the case,control sampling scheme can be ignored if one adequately models the distribution of the error-prone covariates in the case,control sampling scheme. Indeed, subject to this, the prospective likelihood methods result in consistent estimates and information standard errors are asymptotically correct. However, the distribution of such covariates is not the same in the population and under case,control sampling, dictating the need to model the distribution flexibly. In this article, we illustrate the general principle by modeling the distribution of the continuous error-prone covariates using the skewnormal distribution. The performance of the method is evaluated through simulation studies, which show satisfactory results in terms of bias and coverage. Finally, the method is applied to the analysis of two data sets which refer, respectively, to a cholesterol study and a study on breast cancer. [source]

Children speak about neighborhoods: using mixed methods to measure the construct neighborhood

JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2008
Nicole NicoteraArticle first published online: 18 MAR 200
This study contributes to the knowledge base of community practice and research by examining the construct neighborhood from qualitative and quantitative perspectives. Mixed methodology was employed to explore the associations and discrepancies between a census measure of neighborhood based in social disorganization theory and a qualitative measure based on the voices of children (N=59). Qualitative results indicate nine dimensions of the construct neighborhood that are not found in census-based measures of the construct. Mixed methods results demonstrate that children in both higher and lower socially disorganized neighborhoods express the presence of neighborhood resources and neighborly affiliations as well as negative neighborhood experiences. Expressions of fear, needs for safety, and qualities of unsavory characters distinguish the two types of neighborhoods. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]