Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Methacrylate Monomer (methacrylate + monomer)
Kinds of Methacrylate Monomer Selected AbstractsEffect of reline material and denture base surface treatment on the impact strength of a denture base acrylic resinGERODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Luciano Elias Da Cruz Perez doi:10.1111/j.1741-2358.2009.00292.x Effect of reline material and denture base surface treatment on the impact strength of a denture base acrylic resin Objective:, In this study, the effect of relining and surface treatment on the impact strength (IS) of a heat-polymerising denture base acrylic resin (Lucitone 550-L) was evaluated. Materials and methods:, Rectangular bars of L were made (60 × 6 × 2 mm) and relined (2 mm) with the relining resins Ufi Gel Hard (UH) and Tokuso Rebase Fast (TR). Specimens relined with L and intact L, TR and UH specimens were also made (60 × 6 × 4 mm), for comparison. Before relining, the L surface was left untreated or wetted with methyl methacrylate monomer and/or the bonding agents (BA) supplied by manufacturers of the reline resins. V-notches were machined at the midpoint of the length of all specimens. The notches were made either across the width (Nw) or across the thickness of the specimens (Nth). The Charpy impact test was performed using a 0.5-J pendulum, which had been specially designed and constructed. Data were analysed separately for each notch position using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant difference post - hoc test (p = 0.05). Results:, The IS of L was similar to that of L/L. For the Nw notch, treating the denture base L with TR BA and relining with TR reline material produced the highest IS. Conclusion:, The IS of specimens made from heat polymerising acrylic resin Lucitone 550 was increased after relining using the hard chairside reline resin TR with its proprietary BA. [source] Using hydroxypropyl-,-cyclodextrin for the preparation of hydrophobic poly(ketoethyl methacrylate) in aqueous mediumJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 5 2010Lei Ding Abstract This work was committed to the polymerization of hydrophobic ketoethyl methacrylate monomer in aqueous medium in the presence of cyclodextrin, instead of polymerizing the monomer in toxic and volatile organic solvents. For this purpose, a new ketoethyl methacrylate monomer, p -methylphenacylmethacrylate (MPMA), was synthesized from the reaction of p -methylphenacylbromide with sodium methacrylate in the presence of triethylbenzylammonium chloride. The monomer was identified with FTIR, 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopies. Hydroxypropyl-,-cyclodextrin (HPCD) was used to form a water-soluble host/guest inclusion complex (MPMA/HPCD) with the hydrophobic monomer. The complex was identified with FTIR and NMR techniques and polymerized in aqueous medium using potassium persulfate as initiator. During polymerization the resulting hydrophobic methacrylate polymer precipitated out with a majority of HPCD left in solution and a minority of HPCD bonded on the resulting polymer. The thus-prepared polymer exhibited little difference from the counterparts obtained in organic solvent in number average molecular weight (Mn), polydispersity (Mw/Mn) and yield. The investigation provides a novel strategy for preparing hydrophobic ketoethyl methacrylate polymer in aqueous medium by using a monomer/HPCD inclusion complex. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [source] Metal ion-imprinted polymer microspheres derived from copper methacrylate for selective separation of heavy metal ionsJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 1 2008Anh Hoang Dam Abstract Microbeads of metal ion-imprinted polymers (MIIPs) were prepared by a novel precipitation polymerization technique, in which copper methacrylate monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate crosslinker were copolymerized in a rotary evaporator. The prepared microbeads had mono- or narrow size dispersity, and their sizes increased from 1 to 4 ,m with decreasing solvent amount or increasing initiator concentration. The absorption capacity and selectivity of the imprinted polymer for copper ion were determined in the presence of various competitive metal ions. As results, adsorption equilibrium was quickly achieved in about 10 min with high absorbability (about 90%). The effects of pH, initial metallic ion concentration, and MIIP bead size on the absorption capacity were investigated. The Cu(II)-imprinted polymers exhibited extremely high selectivity, which was much higher than that of corresponding blank polymers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008 [source] Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of novel quaternary amine methacrylate copolymersJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 5 2008Supriya Punyani Abstract A novel amine methacrylate monomer trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate,piperazine,ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TMPTMA-PPZ-EGDMA) was synthesized by amination of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) with excess of piperazine (PPZ) followed by reaction with ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). Copolymerization of TMPTMA-PPZ-EGDMA with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was carried out by free radical polymerization using ammonium persulfate (APS) and N,N,N,,N,-tetramethyl ethylenediamine (TEMED) as a redox initiator. The copolymers obtained were then quaternized with 1-iodooctane. The monomers were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectral studies. The molecular weights and polydispersity values of the monomers were determined with gel permeation chromatography. Quaternized copolymers containing more than 20% amine methacrylate monomer showed microporosity in the range of 9.9,10.4 ,m. The antibacterial activity of the quaternized copolymers against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied using UV,vis spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscopy. Quaternized copolymers showed broad-spectrum contact-killing antibacterial properties without releasing any active agent as checked by iodide selective ion meter. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 [source] Bonding strength between a hard chairside reline resin and a denture base material as influenced by surface treatmentJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 12 2001C. R. Leles Direct relining of dentures made with hard chairside reline resins is faster than laboratory-processed reline systems and the patient is not without the prosthesis for the time necessary to perform the laboratory procedures. However, a weak bond between the autopolymerizing acrylic reline resins and the denture base material has been observed. This study evaluated the effect of six different surface treatments on the bond strength between a hard chairside reline acrylic resin and a heat-cured acrylic resin. Specimens of the heat-cured acrylic resin were divided into seven groups. One of these groups remained intact. In the other groups, a 10-mm square section was removed from the centre of each specimen. The bonding surfaces were then treated with (i) methyl methacrylate monomer, (ii) isobutyl methacrylate monomer, (iii) chloroform, (iv) acetone, (v) experimental adhesive and (vi) no surface treatment , control group. Kooliner acrylic resin was packed into the square sections and polymerized. The bonding strength was evaluated by a three-point loading test. The results were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Tukey multiple range test at a 5% level of significance. No significant difference was found between the surface treatment with Lucitone 550 monomer or chloroform, but both were stronger than the majority of the other groups. The bond strength provided by all the surface treatments was lower than that of the intact heat-cured resin. [source] A Diels-Alder/retro Diels-Alder strategy to synthesize polymers bearing maleimide side chainsJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 20 2007Tugba Dispinar Abstract Polymers containing thiol-reactive maleimide groups on their side chains have been synthesized by utilization of a novel methacrylate monomer containing a masked maleimide. Diels-Alder reaction between furan and maleimide was adapted for the protection of the reactive maleimide double bond prior to polymerization. AIBN initiated free radical polymerization was utilized for synthesis of copolymers containing masked maleimide groups. No unmasking of the maleimide group was evident under the polymerization conditions. The maleimide groups in the side chain of the polymers were unmasked into their reactive form by utilization of retro Diels-Alder reaction. This cycloreversion was monitored by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4545,4551, 2007 [source] Synthesis of polymeric core,shell particles using surface-initiated living free-radical polymerizationJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 9 2007Sarav B. Jhaveri Abstract An easy and novel approach to the synthesis of functionalized nanostructured polymeric particles is reported. The surfactant-free emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of the crosslinking reagent 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxy methyl)-1,3-propanediol trimethacrylate was used to in situ crosslink colloid micelles to produce stable, crosslinked polymeric particles (diameter size , 100,300 nm). A functionalized methacrylate monomer, 2-methacryloxyethyl-2,-bromoisobutyrate, containing a dormant atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) living free-radical initiator, which is termed an inimer (initiator/monomer), was added to the solution during the polymerization to functionalize the surface of the particles with ATRP initiator groups. The surface-initiated ATRP of different monomers was then carried out to produce core,shell-type polymeric nanostructures. This versatile technique can be easily employed for the design of a wide variety of polymeric shells surrounding a crosslinked core while keeping good control over the sizes of the nanostructures. The particles were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, optical microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and Raman spectroscopy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1575,1584, 2007 [source] Use of a new methacrylic monomer, 4,4,-di(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy)benzophenone, in the synthesis of porous microspheresJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 24 2006Beata Podko, cielna Abstract A new aromatic, tetrafunctional methacrylate monomer, 4,4,-di(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy)benzophenone, and its application to the synthesis of porous microspheres are presented. This new monomer was copolymerized with divinylbenzene in the presence of pore-forming diluents. The properties of the obtained highly crosslinked microspheres were investigated as column packing for high-performance liquid chromatography. Their porous structures in both dry and wet states were studied and compared with those of poly(divinylbenzene) and the less crosslinked copolymer of 2,3-epoxypropyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 7014,7026, 2006 [source] Characterization of Methyl Methacrylate Grafting onto Preirradiated Biodegradable Lignocellulose Fiber by , -RadiationMACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE, Issue 1 2005Ferdous Khan Abstract Summary: Gamma-radiation-induced graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto natural lignocellulose (jute) fiber was carried out by the preirradiation method in an aqueous medium by using octylphenoxy-polyethoxyethanol as an emulsifier. The different factors that influenced the graft copolymer reaction process were investigated. In the case of radiation-dose-dependent grafting, samples irradiated in the presence of air produced up to 73% graft weight compared to 53% obtained in the case of irradiation in a nitrogen environment. By assuming Arrhenius reaction kinetics, the activation energy (Ea) of the grafting reaction process was evaluated for different reaction temperatures. Moreover, the graft copolymer reaction was controlled by incorporating a homopolymer-inhibiting agent and three different chain-transfer agents in the reaction medium. The mechanical and thermal properties of jute fiber ,as received' and jute- graft -poly(methyl methacrylate) were also investigated. The results showed that the percentage of grafting with jute fiber has a significant effect on the properties. The kinetic parameters were evaluated from TGA thermograms by using Broido's method in the temperature range 240,350,°C. Scanning electron micrographs show that the structural changes on the surface of jute fibers were induced by graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer. Fiber-fiber surface friction was measured in terms of the average maximum load and the kinetic friction. SEM of jute- graft -poly(methyl methacrylate). [source] Synthesis and Properties of Novel Cross-Linked Fluoroalkyl End-Capped Oligomeric Nanoparticles Containing Adamantane UnitsMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 6 2007Masaki Mugisawa Abstract Fluoroalkyl end-capped cooligomers that contain both oxime-blocked isocyanato and hydroxyadamantyl segments are prepared by the cooligomerization of fluoroalkanoyl peroxide with the corresponding monomers under mild conditions. This fluorinated cooligomer affords new cross-linked fluoroalkyl end-capped cooligomeric nanoparticles that contain adamantane segments by the deprotecting reaction of oxime-blocked isocyanato segments in cooligomers in excellent to moderate isolated yield. A variety of cross-linked fluoroalkyl end-capped cooligomeric nanoparticles that contain adamantane segments are also prepared by similar deprotecting reactions with this fluorinated cooligomer in the presence of adamantane-1,5-diol. Furthermore, we have prepared cross-linked fluoroalkyl end-capped cooligomers that contain oxime-blocked isocyanato segments by the use of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and poly(ethylene glycol)-containing methacrylate monomer as comonomers, respectively. However, the deprotecting reactions of the oxime-blocked isocyanato segments in the cooligomers do not afford the expected nanoparticles, and these cross-linked cooligomers are found to show a gelling characteristic. The thermal stability of these cross-linked fluorinated cooligomeric nanoparticles that contain adamantane segments increases significantly compared to that of the parent fluorinated cooligomer. More interestingly, the thermal stability of these cross-linked fluorinated nanoparticles is almost the same as that of the fluoroalkyl end-capped acrylic acid oligomer/SiO2 nanocomposites (content of SiO2 in composites: 70%). In addition, these cross-linked fluorinated nanoparticles have been applied to the surface modification of traditional organic polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate) to exhibit a good oleophobicity imparted by fluorine on their surface. [source] Effect of clay with different cation exchange capacity on the morphology and properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/clay nanocompositesPOLYMER COMPOSITES, Issue 11 2009Tsung-Yen Tsai PMMA/clay nanocomposites were successfully prepared by in situ free-radical polymerization with the organic modified MMT-clay using methyl methacrylate monomer and benzoyl peroxide initiator. Two clays with different cation exchange capacity have been used to prepare and compare the several properties. The clays have been modified using Amphoterge K2 by ion exchange reaction to increase the compatibility between the clay and polymer matrices. The modified clays have been characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The powdered X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques were employed to study the morphology of the PMMA/clay nanocomposites which indicate that the modified clays are dispersed in PMMA matrix to form both exfoliated and intercalated PMMA/modified clay nanocomposites. The thermomechanical properties were examined by TGA, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Gas permeability analyzer shows the excellent gas barrier property of the nanocomposites, which is in good agreement with the morphology. The optical property was measured by UV,vis spectroscopy which shows that these materials have good optical clarity and UV resistance. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers [source] Photopolymerization of alicyclic methacrylate hydrogels for controlled releasePOLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES, Issue 7 2009Jing Han Abstract Alicyclic hydroxy methacrylate monomer, o -hydroxycyclohexyl methacrylate (HCMA), was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Photopolymerization kinetics of HCMA was investigated via real-time infrared spectroscopy (RT-IR). Polymeric network hydrogels based on hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and HCMA were prepared by using the photopolymerization technique. Mechanical strength, swelling characteristic, and controlled release behavior of hydrogels with various feed compositions were studied. Poly(HEMA-co-HCMA) hydrogel had higher storage modulus than that of poly(HEMA) hydrogel as investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Acid orange 8 was used as a model drug for the investigation of drug release behavior of copolymeric hydrogels. Results indicated that increase in HCMA ratio in hydrogel composition could reduce the swelling rate and prolong the release time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also utilized to study the surface morphology of hydrogels, and the results indicated that HCMA content influenced pore diameter on the hydrogel surface. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Polymers from renewable resources: Bulk ATRP of fatty alcohol-derived methacrylatesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 9 2008Gökhan Çayli Abstract Copper-mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and other long-chain methacrylates was investigated in bulk at 35,°C by using CuCl/N,N,N,,N,,N,, -pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA)/tricaprylylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat®336) as the catalyst system and ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate (EBIB) as the initiator. The investigated monomers can be derived from fatty alcohols and are therefore an important renewable resource for a sustainable development of our future. The amounts of ligand, Aliquat®336 and CuCl were optimized and the effect of their concentrations on the control of the polymerization and the observed conversions were investigated. It was found that a molar ratio of EBIB/CuCl/Ligand/Aliquat®336 of 1,:,1,:,3,:,1 provided the highest conversions of LMA and the best controlled polymerizations. These optimized conditions allowed for the synthesis of poly(lauryl methcarylate)s with different targeted DP (25, 50, 75, 100, 120, 240, and 500), including high-molecular-weight polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions. In addition, methacrylate monomers were prepared from fatty alcohols (capric, myristic, palmitic, stearic) and polymerized using the developed procedure to obtain polymers with the same DP and different chain lengths (C10, C12, C14, C16, and C18) of pending alkyl groups. Finally, the thermal properties of these polymers were examined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. [source] Effect of grafting methacrylate monomers onto jute constituents with a potassium persulfate initiator catalyzed by Fe(II)JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 4 2007Md. Ibrahim H. Mondal Abstract The graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate monomers onto jute fiber was carried out in an aqueous medium with potassium persulfate as an initiator under the catalytic influence of ferrous sulfate in the presence of air. The effects of parameter variables, such as the monomer, initiator, and catalyst concentrations, the reaction time, and the temperature, on grafting and the effect of grafting the monomers onto jute constituents were studied. The degree of grafting depended on the kinds of monomers and the parameter variables. The maximum graft yield percentages with methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate under optimized conditions were 18.9 and 38.8%, respectively, and the grafting onto jute fiber was largely affected by one of its main constituents, such as hemicellulose. The graft copolymers were characterized, and their improved properties were also examined. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2369,2375, 2007 [source] Synthesis and properties of mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymers containing bistolane mesogenJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 21 2010Zhen Lin Zhang Abstract On the basis of the concept of mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymers, a series of new methacrylate monomers, (2,5- bis[2-(4,-alkoxyphenyl) ethynyl] benzyl methacrylate (MACn, n = 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12) and 2,5- bis[2-(6,-decanoxynaphthyl) ethynyl] benzyl methacrylate (MANC10), and their polymers, PMACn (n = 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12) and PMANC10 were synthesized. The bistolane mesogen with large ,-electron conjugation were side-attached to the polymer backbone via short linkages. Various characterization techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and polarized light microscopy were used to study their mesomorphic phase behavior. The polymer PMACn with shorter flexible substituents (n = 4) forms the columnar nematic (,N) phase, but other polymers with longer flexible tails (n = 6, 8, 10, and 12) can develop into a smetic A (SA) phase instead of a ,N phase. The PMANC10 containing naphthyl can also form a well-defined SA phase. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010 [source] Zirconocene-catalyzed copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with other methacrylate monomersJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 15 2004Giorgos Karanikolopoulos Abstract Statistical copolymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with n -butyl-, s -butyl, t -butyl-, n -hexyl-, decyl-, stearyl-, allyl-, trimethylsilyl- and trimethylsilyloxyethyl methacrylate were prepared by zirconocene-catalyzed copolymerization. The reactivity ratios of MMA copolymers with butyl-, hexyl-, and stearyl methacrylate were estimated using the Finemann,Ross, the inverted Finemann,Ross, and the Kelen,Tüdos graphical methods. Structural parameters of the copolymers were obtained from the calculated dyad sequences, derived by using the reactivity ratios. The effect of the nature of the methacrylate ester group and the catalytic system used on the copolymer structure is discussed. The glass-transition temperature (Tg) values of MMA copolymers with butyl- and hexyl methacrylate were measured and examined in the frame of several theoretical equations, allowing the prediction of these Tg values. The best fit was obtained using Barton and Johnston equations, taking the monomer sequence distribution of the copolymers into account. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3761,3774, 2004 [source] Diffusion-Controlled Particle Growth and its Effects on Nucleation in Stirred Emulsion Polymerisation ReactorsMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 8 2004Shahriar Sajjadi Abstract Summary: Particle formation and growth in the batch emulsion homo-polymerisation of styrene and methyl methacrylate monomers under diffusion-controlled conditions were studied. The polymerisations started with two stratified layers of a monomer and water containing an initiator and a surfactant, with the water layer being gently stirred. Because of limitations in monomer transport, the rate of particle growth was substantially reduced and as a result a large number of polymer particles formed. Schematic presentation of the highly diffusion-controlled polymerisation. [source] | |||||||||||||