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Measuring Device (measuring + device)
Selected AbstractsMeasuring masticatory performance using a new device and ,-carotene in test gummy jellyJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 11 2010T. NOKUBI Summary, Objective methods for evaluating masticatory performance are invaluable for quantitative comparisons between various dental treatments as well as diagnosing masticatory disorder. The purpose of this study was to develop an accurate method for automatically measuring masticatory performance using a new measuring device consisting of light-emitting diodes and a photodiode and test gummy jelly. First, the relationship between six known ,-carotene concentrations in aqueous solution and the voltage values exhibited on a photodiode was investigated. Mean voltage obtained by red light incident on the photodiode indicated a significantly high correlation (r = 0·999 in a cubic function, P < 0·01) with ,-carotene concentration in the aqueous solution. Second, to establish the optimal measuring conditions for evaluating masticatory performance, factors influencing mean voltage were investigated, such as water temperature and times for rinsing the gummy jelly and dissolving ,-carotene from the jelly. A stable mean voltage was obtained by measuring under the following conditions: rinsing water temperature, 35 °C; rinsing time, 30 s; water dissolving temperature, 35 °C; dissolving time, 10 s. Finally, the relationship between seven surface area values of divided gummy jelly and ,-carotene concentrations dissolved from the divided jellies was investigated. The increase in surface area of divided test gummy jelly particles was accurately calculated (r = 0·992, P < 0·001) from mean voltage on the photodiode to change with ,-carotene concentration dissolved from the jelly surface. This new method using test gummy jelly and an automatic measuring device appears useful for precisely evaluating masticatory performance. [source] Three-dimensional force measurements on oral implants: a methodological studyJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 9 2000J. Duyck This paper describes a methodology that allows in vitro and in vivo quantification and qualification of forces on oral implants. Strain gauges are adapted to the outer surface of 5·5 and 7 mm standard abutments (Brånemark System®, Nobel Biocare, Sweden). The readings of the strain gauges are transformed into a numerical representation of the normal force and the bending moment around the X- and Y- axis. The hardware and the software of the 3D measuring device based on the strain gauge technology is explained and its accuracy and reliability tested. The accuracy level for axial forces and bending moments is 9.72 N and 2.5 N·cm, respectively, based on the current techniques for strain gauged abutments. As an example, an in vivo force analysis was performed in a patient with a full fixed prosthesis in the mandible. Since axial loads of 450 N and bending moments of 70 N·cm were recorded, it was concluded that the accuracy of the device falls well within the scope of our needs. Nevertheless, more in vivo research is needed before well defined conclusions can be drawn and strategies developed to improve the biomechanics of oral implants. [source] Reliability of a new hand-held device for the measurement of exhaled nitric oxideALLERGY, Issue 10 2007B. Khalili Background:, Given the importance of airway inflammation in asthma, there has been an effort to incorporate inflammatory markers into its management. Measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a noninvasive marker of airway inflammation; however, the use of the available FeNO analyzer is limited by several factors including its cost and lack of transportability. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of a new hand-held FeNO measuring device (NIOX MINO) to the current clinical standard , the chemiluminescence FeNO analyzer (NIOX). Methods:, Subjects 6 years and older presenting to an allergy and asthma clinic underwent FeNO evaluation by NIOX and each of three NIOX MINOs. The mean of two acceptable measurements from the NIOX and the first approved measurement from each NIOX MINO were used for analysis. Results:, One hundred ten patients aged 6,86 years completed the study. Intrasubject FeNO levels obtained by each of the three NIOX MINOs revealed no significant difference between the measurements (P = 0.59). There was a very strong correlation between FeNO measurements by NIOX and by NIOX MINO (r = 0.98, P < 0.0001). The mean intrasubject FeNO difference between NIOX and NIOX MINO was ,0.5 p.p.b. which was not statistically significantly different from zero (P = 0.21). Conclusions:, Fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurements by the NIOX MINO showed a strong correlation and a high degree of agreement with the current standard stationary device. The NIOX MINO may be reliably used in clinical practice. [source] Simultaneous Measurement of Particle Size and Particle Velocity by the Spatial Filtering Technique,PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION, Issue 6 2002Dieter Petrak Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the measuring results of a fiber-optical probe based on a modified spatial filtering technique with given size distributions of different test powders and also with particle velocity values of laser Doppler measurements. Fiber-optical spatial filtering velocimetry was modified by fiber-optical spot scanning in order to determine simultaneously the size and the velocity of particles. The fiber-optical probe system can be used as an in-line measuring device for sizing of particles in different technical applications. Spherical test particles were narrow-sized glass beads in the range 30,100,,m and irregularly shaped test particles were limestone particles in the range 10,600,,m. Particles were dispersed by a brush disperser and the measurements were carried out at a fixed position in a free particle-laden air stream. Owing to the measurement of chord lengths and to the influence of diffraction and divergent angle, the probe results show differences from the given test particle sizes. Owing to the particle-probe collisions, the mean velocity determined by the probe is smaller than the laser Doppler mean velocity. [source] Brief communication: Noninvasive measuring of operational tongue length in callitrichidsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 3 2009Eckhard W. Heymann Abstract Callitrichids use their tongue in various social, ecological, and hygienic contexts. Using a noninvasive measuring device, we obtained data on the operational tongue length (OTL) in seven species from the family Callitrichidae. OTL (defined as the maximum tongue extension into the device) varied significantly between species and the width of the device, but did not correlate with mandible length; it is smaller in relation to mandible length in Leontopithecus chrysomelas compared to species from the genera Saguinus and Callithrix. Current information does not allow concluding which of the various functions of the tongue is selecting for tongue length. Am J Phys Anthropol 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Fuzzy control of robot manipulator with a flexible toolJOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS (FORMERLY JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS), Issue 7 2005Aria Alasty In some tasks, a rigid robot manipulator handles a long, slender, and flexible tool, which usually has not been equipped with vibration measuring devices. This situation makes a different tool tip position control problem. In this paper, a new method will be presented for simultaneous tip position and vibration suppression control of a flexible tool on a rigid-link 3-DOF robot. This approach uses fuzzy logic rule-based controllers without using any sensors and actuators on the tool or a priori knowledge about the tool. Numerical simulation of robot and tool set has been accomplished and results support the fact that designed fuzzy controllers perform remarkably well in reducing vibrations and precision guidance of robot tool tip for tracking various trajectories. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] A comparative study of oxygen transmission rates through polymer films based on fluorescence quenchingPACKAGING TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, Issue 6 2010I. Siró Abstract Information on oxygen permeability through polymer films is essential for some applications, especially in food packaging where the control of oxygen levels can be critical in avoiding food spoilage. A permeability testing device using fluorescence-based optical oxygen sensing was developed as a potential new instrument for measuring the oxygen permeability of packaging films. The fluorescence-based permeability tester was validated against two existing commercial oxygen permeability measuring devices, the Mocon Ox-Tran 2/20 and PBI-Dansensor OPT-5000. Oxygen transmission rates (OTR) of polylactide (PLA) and nanoclay-reinforced PLA films, as well as polyethylene/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PE/PET) and polypropylene/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PP/PET) laminated films were determined at 23°C and 50% relative humidity using each of these instruments. No significant differences were observed between mean OTR values obtained by the fluorescence method and the corresponding values obtained using the OPT-5000 but significantly lower values were measured when using the Mocon Ox-Tran 2/20. In general, oxygen permeability data for the tested films were within the range of values found in the literature; however, in terms of further development, the fluorescence-based technique gave OTR with relatively high standard deviation compared to the commercial methods and equipment modifications to address this issue are considered desirable. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Langjährige Messung von Kraft- und Verformungsgrößen in Neotopf-Gleitlagern einer Spannbetonstraßenbrücke.BETON- UND STAHLBETONBAU, Issue 12 2006Brückenlager-Monitoring Zwei Lager der dreifeldrigen Spannbeton-Straßenbrücke über den Aasee in Münster wurden beim Bau in den Jahren 1987/88 als Neotopf-Gleitlager mit Meßeinrichtungen ausgestattet, die den Gleitspalt und den Kippspalt messen. Außerdem ist eine Druckmeßdose eingebaut worden, die den Druck des Silikonöls im Stahltopf unter dem Elastomer mißt. Mit diesen Meßeinrichtungen wurde die Lastgeschichte der Lager während der Bauzeit festgestellt. Im Laufe der 18jährigen Standzeit der Brücke wurden die Lager mit diesen Meßeinrichtungen überwacht. Nach der Fertigstellung der Brücke und in Abständen von einigen Jahren sind Zustandgrößen der Lager im Sinne eines Monitoring auch durch Überfahren der Brücke mit Lastkraftwagen gemessen worden. Die Lager weisen nach 18 Jahren nur geringfügige Abnutzung auf. Longterm Measuring of Forces and Displacements in Elastomer Pot Sliding Bearings of a Prestressed Concrete Road Bridge. Monitoring of Bridge Bearings Two bearings of a three span prestressed concrete road bridge over the lake Aa in the City of Münster were equipped with elastomer pot sliding bearings with measuring devices during the erection in 1987/88, that are able to measure the distance between sliding slab and covering slab and the rotation of the covering slab. Moreover there are dynamometers, which measure the compression stress of the silicone oil in the pot under the elastomer. With these measuring devices the load history of the bearings during the time of erection of the bridge was monitored. In the 18 years that the bridge is in operation, the bearings have been monitored with these measuring devices. Following the completion of the bridge and further in intervals of some years the loads and displacements of the bearings were monitored especially during lorries were crossing the bridge. The bearings show only minimal attrition after 18 years in use. [source] | |||||||||||||