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Chemistry50%

Selected Abstracts

4-Benzo­yloxy-2-methyl- N -(2-pyrid­yl)-2H -1,2-benzothia­zine-3-carboxamide 1,1-dioxide

ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C, Issue 7 2006
Natalia N. Pankrushina
The crystal structure of the title compound, C22H17N3O5S, contains dimers linked by N,H,O hydrogen bonds about inversion centers. The dimers are packed in a herring-bone framework without classical hydrogen bonds between the structure-forming units. Supplement Material This is for the supplement Material content [source]

Quality and Functional Characteristics of Chungkukjang Prepared with Various Bacillus sp.

JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 4 2005
Isolated from Traditional Chungkukjang
ABSTRACT: Bacillus circulans, Brevibacillus brevis, B. licheniformis, B. coagulans, B. subtilis, and B. sterothermophillus were isolated and identified from chungkukjangs (Korean traditional soybean paste fermented for a few day). Chungkukjang was prepared on a laboratory scale with soybeans and the isolated strains. Characteristics of the chungkukjangs including slime material content, free amino acid content, sensory qualities, and antimutagenicity were determined. The content of slime material, which is an important indicator of the quality of chungkukjang, was highest in B. licheniformis -inoculated chungkukjang, andlowestin B. sterothermophillus -inoculated chungkukjang. The total content of glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine, which contribute a savory taste to chungkukjangs, was highest in B. licheniformis-inoculated chungkukjang. The content of leucine, which gives a bitter taste, was highest inB. brevis -inoculated chungkukjang. Sensory evaluation revealed that chungkukjangs made using B. licheniformis and B. subtilishad a weak bitter taste and strong sweet and savory taste and good color, so their overall acceptability was high. Chungkukjang fermented with B. circulans and B. licheniformis inhibited N-Methyl-N,-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) mutagenicity by more than 80%. B. licheniformis-inoculated chungkukjang exhibited the highest antimutagenicity against and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and MNNG. These results suggest that using B. licheniformis to ferment chungkukjang increases the antimutagenic properties and improves the sweet and savory taste by increasing glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine concentrations. [source]

Facilitating substance phase-out through material information systems and improving environmental impacts in the recycling stage of a product

NATURAL RESOURCES FORUM, Issue 3 2010
Daniel PaskaArticle first published online: 4 AUG 2010
Abstract The amount of electrical and electronic products is increasing rapidly, and this inevitably leads to the generation of large quantities of waste from these goods. Some of the generated e-waste ends up in regions with sub-standard recycling systems and may be processed under poor conditions. During uncontrolled incineration, halogenated dioxins and furans can be generated from brominated and chlorinated compounds in the products. In order to reduce the health and environmental risks involved in the recycling stage of the life cycle of electronics, an effective design-for-environment process must be established during the product development phase. Knowledge of the chemical substances in the product is crucial to being able to make informed decisions. Through full knowledge of the material content of procured components, phase-outs of unwanted substances, such as halogenated substances, can be performed in an effective manner. Therefore, information is the key to success in phasing-out substances; facilitating compliance of legal provisions for manufacturers of electrical and electronic devices; and improving the environmental footprint of products as they reach the end of the life cycle. After an introduction to the challenges of electronics waste management, this paper describes supply chain information systems and how they are used to facilitate substance phase-outs in the electronics industry. Sony Ericsson has been working with phase-outs of unwanted substances since it was founded in 2001. Through the introduction of a material declaration system that keeps track of all substances in the components used in the company's products, Sony Ericsson has been able to replace unwanted substances to improve environmental impacts at the recycling stage of a product. [source]

NEUTRON TOMOGRAPHY AS A VALUABLE TOOL FOR THE NON-DESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL BRONZE SCULPTURES

ARCHAEOMETRY, Issue 2 2010
E. H. LEHMANN
This paper explains, with the example of a Roman object (the ,Mars from Oberweningen', Switzerland), why neutrons can be used preferentially for the non-destructive analysis of metallic objects of relatively large size. This method is superior to the conventional X-ray tomography method due to the higher penetration ability in metals such as copper, tin and even lead. With this method, differing materials can also easily be differentiated. In this way, the inner and outer structures of objects can be observed with the help of tools based on mathematical algorithms. Slices at arbitrary positions and segmentation of different material clusters aid the understanding of manufacturing processes and can describe the present preservation status. This helps in selecting optimal and additional conservation measures in museums for further preservation. Beside the qualitative overview on structure and inner properties of the objects, quantitative information can be derived about material content and composition. This method and the subsequently needed facilities for this method are available at PSI for similar studies on demand. [source]