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Market History (market + history)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	80%

Selected Abstracts

Prisoners' Labour Market History and Aspirations: A Focus on Western Australia*

THE ECONOMIC RECORD, Issue 260 2007
MARGARET GILES
This paper examines the employability and labour market aspirations of prisoners. The results suggest that repeat prisoners are less likely to be employed than non-repeat prisoners. However, a large proportion of the employment differential between repeat and non-repeat prisoners is due to differences in coefficients. There is no evidence to suggest that the frequency of incarceration affects individual characteristics that may limit prisoners' labour market aspirations after their release from prison. [source]

Competition and Cost Accounting: Adapting to Changing Markets,

CONTEMPORARY ACCOUNTING RESEARCH, Issue 2 2002
Ranjani Krishnan
Abstract The relation of competition and cost accounting has been the subject of conflicting prescriptions, theories, and empirical evidence. Practitioner literature and textbooks argue that higher competition generally requires more accurate product costing. Theoretical economic analysis, in contrast, predicts that the optimal level of product-costing accuracy is sometimes higher at lower levels of competition. Results of survey research are inconsistent, suggesting a need for further identification of conditions under which higher competition leads to more accurate product costing. This study shows experimentally that individuals' choices of the level of product-costing accuracy depend not only on the current level of competition but also on the previous level of competition , that is, on an interaction between market structure (monopoly, duopoly, and four-firm competition) and market history (increasing versus decreasing competition). In the experiment, subjects decide on the quantity of data to collect at a pre-set price per datum to support more accurate product-cost estimates. Subjects collect the most cost data (i.e., choose the most accurate product costing) in monopoly, collect the least in duopoly, and an intermediate amount in the four-firm market, consistent with the pattern of optimal cost-data collection in Hansen's 1998 model. The process of convergence to the optimum differs significantly across market types and market histories, however. Subjects who begin in four-firm competition adapt more successfully to change than those who begin in monopoly. The lowest levels of decision performance occur when ex-monopolists face their first competitor: they overreact to this first encounter with competition and overspend on cost data. [source]

Is a Risk Index Approach to Unemployment Possible?

THE ECONOMIC RECORD, Issue 236 2001
Anh T. Le
This paper examines the ways that productivity, personal characteristics such as birthplace and gender, structural factors and labour market history impact on the distribution of the burden of unemployment. It is shown that labour market history is a major explanator of unemployment outcomes in the Australian labour market. The results from the empirical analyses of unemployment outcomes are used to identify individuals at risk of being unemployed. When individuals classified as at risk of being unemployed are followed through time, it is found that they spend considerable time looking for work and have short working spells. This suggests a risk index approach may have considerable merit as a way of identifying the relative difficulty individuals experience in the labour market. [source]

Common Cultural Relationships in Corporate Governance across Developed and Emerging Financial Markets

APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2008
Alex W.H. Chan
This study investigates the corporate governance (CG) practice of business organisations in 43 countries with developed and emerging financial markets from the perspective of cross-cultural psychology. We find significant relationships between CG practice and Hofstede's cultural dimensions, and discover that the cultural dimensions of power distance and uncertainty avoidance significantly explain the development of CG practice. These two cultural dimensions fully capture the power of stock market history to explain the development of CG practice across developed and emerging financial markets, which indicates that cultural factors are more important than the length of stock market history in the development of CG. Cette étude se propose d'étudier, dans une perspective de psychologie inter-culturelle, la pratique de la gouvernance d'entreprise dans des organismes d'affaire de 43 pays différents dont les marchés financiers sont développés ou émergents. Nous trouvons une relation significative entre la pratique de la gouvernance d'entreprise et les dimensions culturelles de Hofstede. Nous montrons que les dimensions culturelles de distance du pouvoir et d'évitement de l'incertitude expliquent le développement de la pratique de la gouvernance d'entreprise. Ces deux dimensions culturelles déterminent totalement la puissance de l'histoire du marché boursier pour expliquer le développement de la pratique de la gouvernance d'entreprise sur des marchés financiers développés ou émergents. Les facteurs culturels ont donc plus de poids que la durée de l'histoire du marché boursier dans le développement de la pratique de la gouvernance d'entreprise. [source]