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Many Points (many + point)
Selected AbstractsOptimization of tree-shaped flow distribution structures over a disc-shaped areaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, Issue 8 2003S. Lorente Abstract In this paper, we review the fundamental problem of how to design a flow path with minimum overall resistance between one point (O) and many points situated equidistantly on a circle centred at O. This is a fundamental problem in energy engineering: the distribution of fluid, energy, electric power, etc., from points to surrounding areas. This problem is also fundamental in heat transfer and electronics cooling: how to bathe and cool with a single stream of coolant a disc-shaped area or volume that generates heat at every point. This paper outlines, first, a direct route to the construction of effective tree-shaped flow structures. The starting point is the optimization of the shape of each elemental area, such that the length of the flow path housed by the element is minimized. Proceeding towards larger and more complex structures,from elements to first constructs, second constructs, etc.,the paper develops tree-shaped flow structures between one point and a straight line, as an elemental problem, and a circle and its centre. We also consider the equivalent tree-shaped networks obtained by minimizing the pressure drop at every step of the construction, in accordance with geometric constraints. The construction method is applied to a fluid flow configuration with laminar fully developed flow. It is shown that there is little difference between the two methods. The minimal-length structures perform very close to the fully optimized designs. These results emphasize the robustness of optimized tree-shaped flows. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Parental perceptions of contributions of school and neighborhood to children's psychological wellnessJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Sylvie Jutras This study examined parents' perceptions of how school and neighborhood contribute to the psychological wellness of their 6- to 12-year-old children. Content analysis of 260 interviews explored parents' perception and identified the key aspects of school and neighborhood. At school, two assets stood out: emotional support and a supportive learning milieu. Qualities that parents valued about the neighborhood included child-friendliness, environmental amenities, and the presence of cordial and supportive neighbors. Parents living in disadvantaged neighborhoods differed on many points in their perceptions from parents living in wealthier neighborhoods, reflecting disparities in the environments in which they live and raise their children. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Relaxing/straightening of Afro-ethnic hair: historical overviewJOURNAL OF COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Tania Cristina De Sá Dias MSc Summary Afro-ethnic hair, when compared with naturally straight hair, presents some important variations such as differences in diameter in many points of the thread, ellipsoidal threads, and low trend of hydrating the scalp thus turning the hair drier, because the natural sebum distribution is irregular along the thread. This kind of hair may be straightened through both chemical and thermal methods. Straightening is a chemical process by which excessively curly hair is straightened in an irreversible way. Generally, the products used are formulated in a cosmetic emulsion with high pH. In this review, we present the historical development of hair straightening or relaxing through the evolution of the product categories. [source] Quoting ethnicity: Constructing dialogue in Aotearoa/New Zealand1JOURNAL OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS, Issue 1 2010Alexandra D'Arcy Within the system of direct quotation, speakers have a number of resources at their disposal from which they can select to construct dialogue. This article presents an investigation of the ways in which Maori and Pakeha English speakers deploy these resources. The analysis reveals extensive differences in the construction of dialogue between Maori and Pakeha which include, but are not limited to, quantitative differences in the use of individual verbs of quotation. Distinct effects of tense/temporal reference and mimetic re-enactment permeate the systems, and patterns of use surrounding the zero quotative emerge as central to many points of differentiation. It is argued that these patterns form distinct strategies in the deployment of quotative resources and in this sense are indexical of ethnic identity in Aotearoa/New Zealand. [source] Hochleistungsleichtbeton unter mehraxialer DruckbeanspruchungBETON- UND STAHLBETONBAU, Issue 10 2009Silke Scheerer Dipl.-Ing. Baustoffe; Versuche Abstract An vielen Stellen im Tragwerk herrschen mehraxiale Spannungszustände. Ob sich die Tragfähigkeit von Hochleistungsleichtbetonen unter mehraxialer Druckbeanspruchung ebenso erhöht wie bei Normalbetonen, wurde in zwei- und dreiaxialen Tests untersucht. Es wurde ein Bruchkriterium für Leichtbetone abgeleitet und Parallelen und Unterschiede zu Normalbeton aufgezeigt. High Performance Lightweight Aggregate Concrete under Multiaxial Compression There are multiaxial stress conditions at many points in a structure. Whether the strength of high performance lightweight concrete under multiaxial compression increases as well as the strength of normal concrete, was verified in bi- and triaxial tests. A failure criterion for lightweight concrete was derived and analogies and differences to normal oncrete were pointed out. 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