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Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (macrophage + migration_inhibitory_factor)
Selected AbstractsInflammatory cytokines in glomerulonephritisNEPHROLOGY, Issue 2002RC ATKINS SUMMARY: The importance of various inflammatory cytokines in mediating renal disease is now recognized, and the potential for the use of cytokine blockade as a therapeutic intervention is under active investigation. Studies in rat anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease model showed that antagonism of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 inhibited induction of glomerulonephritis, and prevented progression of established disease. A second cytokine Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-,) had similar proinflammatory effects to IL-1 in this model. Blocking the actions of both cytokines together, however, had no added benefit. Another cytokine Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) has been shown to override the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteriods. Renal MIF is markedly up-regulated in rat anti-GBM disease and blocking studies have demonstrated MIF plays a pathological role in mediating renal injury in this model. the importance of MIF in glomerulonephritis has been demonstrated by the fact that MIF is produced locally within the kidney, that it reflects the severity of the cellular immune response, and can be measured in the urine. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is up-regulated in human glomerular disease and correlates with loss of renal function and is thus a potential target for therapy for human glomerulonephritis. Thus, the inflammatory cytokines, IL 1, TNF-, and MIF each play a role in the immune/inflammatory process in glomerulonephritis. Blocking their action reduces disease and cytokine blocking agents have therapeutic potential. [source] Critical Modifications of the ISO-1 Scaffold Improve Its Potent Inhibition of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Tautomerase Activity.CHEMINFORM, Issue 38 2006Kai Fan Cheng Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] The association between MIF-173 G>C polymorphism and prostate cancer in southern ChineseJOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 2 2009G.X. Ding MD Abstract Background and Objectives Accumulating epidemiological and molecular evidence suggests that inflammation is an important component in the etiology of PCa. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays an important role in the pro- and anti-inflammatory response to infection. This study is aimed at investigating the potential association between MIF-173 G>C polymorphism, Gleason score, clinical stage, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value with respect to PCa incidence among the Han nationality in Southern China. Methods Genotyping was performed by using tetraprimer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on 259 PCa patients and 301 cancer-free controls. Results We found that the MIF-173*C variant allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of PCa [adjusted odd ratio (OR),=,2.99, 95% confident interval (CI): 1.94,4.60] and higher Gleason scores from the PCa subjects (adjusted OR,=,10.72, 95% CI: 5.35,21.49). In addition, we noted that the MIF ,173*C variant allele was related to higher clinical stages and PSA values in PCa patients (adjusted OR,=,15.68, 95% CI: 7.40,33.23; adjusted OR,=,4.37, 95% CI: 2.41,7.92, respectively). Conclusion Our data suggest that MIF-173 polymorphisms may be associated with a higher incidence of prostate cancer compared to controls, and appears to be associated with higher Gleason scores, higher clinical stages, and PSA values in those with prostate cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:106,110. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Hypoxia and glucocorticoid signaling converge to regulate macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene expressionARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 8 2009Laura M. Elsby Objective Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory mediator involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. This study was undertaken to identify the MIF promoter elements responsible for regulating gene expression. Methods Luciferase reporter gene assays were used to identify the MIF promoter sequence responsible for basal activity. Bioinformatic analysis was used to predict transcription factor binding sites, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to demonstrate transcription factor binding. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was used to demonstrate transcription factor loading on the MIF promoter. Results We identified the minimal promoter sequence required for basal MIF promoter activity that was also capable of conferring glucocorticoid-dependent inhibition in a T lymphocyte model cell line. Deletion studies and EMSA revealed 2 elements in the MIF promoter that were responsible for basal promoter activity. The 5, element binds CREB/activating transcription factor 1, and the 3, element is a functional hypoxia-responsive element binding hypoxia-inducible factor 1,. Further studies demonstrated that the cis elements are both required for glucocorticoid-dependent inhibition. ChIP demonstrated glucocorticoid-dependent recruitment of glucocorticoid receptor , to the MIF promoter in lymphocytes within 1 hour of treatment and a concomitant decrease in acetylated histone H3. Conclusion Our findings indicate that hypoxia and glucocorticoid signaling converge on a single element regulating MIF; this regulatory unit is a potential interacting node for microenvironment sensing of oxygen tension and glucocorticoid action in foci of inflammation. [source] Up-regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in infants with acute neonatal necrotizing enterocolitisHISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2006R Drut No abstract is available for this article. [source] Association of the OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism with tooth lossJOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Issue 2 2006Yoshinori Hasui Abstract Although tooth loss is a serious health problem for elderly people, little is known about the genetic basis for susceptibility to it. In the present study we aimed to find a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with tooth loss. DNA samples from 119 outpatients (mean age=78.8 years) were genotyped on seven polymorphisms (tumor necrosis factor-, ,1031T/C, interleukin-1, ,511C/T, interleukin-6 ,634C/G, macrophage migration inhibitory factor ,173G/C, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist variable number of tandem repeat in intron 2, matrix metalloproteinase-1 ,16071G/2G, and oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) Ser326Cys (1245C/G)), and the results were statistically evaluated. Of the seven polymorphisms tested, only OGG1 Ser326Cys was revealed to associate with tooth loss at a statistically significant level (P=0.0086). In addition, a multivariate logistic regression analysis in which age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and ischemic heart disease were included as independent variables indicated that Ser326Cys could be an independent factor affecting tooth loss (OR, 3.191; 95%CI, 1.174,8.672). The data suggest that the OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism may be associated with tooth loss. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 20:47,51, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Pro-inflammatory genetic profiles in subjects with peripheral arterial occlusive disease and critical limb ischemiaJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2007A. Flex Abstract. Objectives., Single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes encoding inflammatory molecules may determine genetic profiles associated with increased risk of development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated distribution and reciprocal interaction of a set of functionally important polymorphisms of genes encoding prototypical inflammatory molecules in subjects with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) and critical limb ischemia (CLI). We also investigated whether synergistic interactions between these pro-inflammatory gene polymorphisms influence the risk of PAOD and CLI. Design, subjects and methods., In a genetic association study that included 157 PAOD patients and 206 controls, the following gene polymorphisms were analysed: C-reactive protein (CRP) 1059 G/C, interleukin-6 (IL-6)-174 G/C, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-173 G/C, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) , 2518 A/G, E-selectin (E-Sel) Ser128Arg, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) 469 E/K, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP),1 -1607 1G/2G, MMP-3 -1171 5A/6A and MMP-9 -1563 C/T. Results:, We found that IL-6, E-sel, ICAM-1, MCP-1, MMP-1 and MMP-3 gene polymorphisms were significantly and independently associated with PAOD. We also found that these pro-inflammatory polymorphisms determine genetic profiles that are associated with different levels of risk for PAOD and CLI, depending on the number of high-risk genotypes concomitantly carried by a given individual. Conclusions:, Pro-inflammatory genetic profiles are significantly more common in subjects with PAOD. Synergistic effects between pro-inflammatory genotypes might be potential markers for the presence and severity of atherosclerotic disorders. [source] Increased macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Behçet's disease and relation with the disease activityJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 11 2009G Serarslan [source] URINARY macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) LEVELS REFLECT RENAL INFLAMMATION IN HUMAN GNNEPHROLOGY, Issue 3 2000Brown Fg [source] Interactions of T helper cells with fibroblast-like synoviocytes: Up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases by macrophage migration inhibitory factor from both Th1 and Th2 cellsARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 10 2008Uta Schurigt Objective Interactions of immune cells, such as activated T helper cells, with fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play a crucial role in the joint destruction during human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to investigate the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) by T helper cells, and to assess the role of MIF in overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in cocultures of FLS from arthritic mice with either Th1 or Th2 cells. Methods MIF expression by in vitro,polarized murine Th1 and Th2 cells was determined using 2 different generation protocols. FLS were isolated from the inflamed joints of mice with antigen-induced arthritis. MMP expression was analyzed in cocultures of the FLS with T helper cell subsets. Effects of MIF were blocked by a neutralizing anti-MIF antibody. In addition, analyses were performed on cocultures of either Th1 or Th2 cells with FLS from MIF-deficient mice. Results Both Th1 and Th2 cells expressed high quantities of MIF. MMPs were overexpressed by FLS after coculture with both Th1 and Th2 cells. Activated T helper cells were more effective than resting cells. Neutralization of MIF by an anti-MIF antibody led to a marked reduction in MMP expression in Th1- and Th2-stimulated FLS. T helper cells generated from MIF-deficient mice exhibited a T helper cell,specific cytokine profile comparable with that in wild-type cells, except in the expression of MIF, but showed an impaired ability to stimulate MMP expression in FLS. Conclusion MIF is an important Th1 and Th2 cell,derived proinflammatory cytokine that stimulates MMP expression in FLS from arthritic mice, and therefore inhibition of MIF might be a promising target for novel therapeutic strategies in human RA. [source] Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promoter polymorphisms and the clinical expression of sclerodermaARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 11 2006Sou-Pan Wu Objective To investigate the potential association between functional polymorphisms in the gene for the innate mediator, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and the clinical expression of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods Genomic DNA samples and clinical data were collected from the Scleroderma Family Registry and DNA Repository at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. A total of 740 subjects were studied; 203 of them had diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc), 283 had limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), and the remaining 254 healthy subjects served as controls. Association analyses were performed on the whole data set and on patient and sex subsets. Significant relationships were determined between clinical variables and MIF polymorphisms for each disease subtype in the studied groups. Results The frequency of the ,173*C MIF allele, which was previously reported to be associated with high production of MIF, was lower in the lcSSc group (12.6%) than in the dcSSc (19.2%) or control (18.5%) groups (P = 0.010 and P = 0.011, respectively). Haplotype analysis for 2 closely linked polymorphisms in the MIF promoter showed that in white subjects with lcSSc or dcSSc, the lcSSc population had a significantly lower representation of the high-expression MIF haplotype defined by ,173*C and ,794 with 7 CATT repeats (C7) (P = 0.015, odds ratio 1.94 [95% confidence interval 1.14,3.32]). Fibroblasts encoding the C7 MIF haplotype were observed to produce more MIF upon in vitro stimulation than those with a non-C7 haplotype. Conclusion Functional promoter polymorphisms in the MIF gene affect the clinical presentation of SSc. The proinflammatory haplotype defined by C7 is underrepresented in patients with lcSSc. [source] Functional and prognostic relevance of the ,173 polymorphism of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene in systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritisARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 5 2003Fabrizio De Benedetti Objective To address the functional and prognostic relevance of the ,173 single-nucleotide G-to-C polymorphism of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene in patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (systemic-onset JIA) by evaluating its association with serum and synovial fluid levels of MIF, with glucocorticoid requirement, and with the outcome of the disease. Methods A total of 136 patients with systemic-onset JIA were studied, including 98 patients from the British Paediatric Rheumatology Study Group's National Repository for JIA and 38 patients who were followed up at the IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo (Pavia, Italy) and the IRCCS G. Gaslini (Genoa, Italy). The MIF-173 polymorphism was genotyped using SnaPshot ddNTP primer extension and capillary electrophoresis. MIF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The evaluation of the association of the MIF-173 polymorphism with outcome was performed only in Italian patients who were followed up for >5 years, by analyzing retrospectively 1) the number of joints with active arthritis and the number of joints with limited range of motion; 2) the score, at the last visit, on the Italian version of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (C-HAQ); and 3) data concerning the treatment regimens during the disease course. Results Systemic-onset JIA patients carrying a MIF-173*C allele had serum and synovial fluid levels of MIF significantly higher than those in patients with the GG genotype. The duration of glucocorticoid treatment on a daily regimen was significantly longer in patients carrying a MIF-173*C allele than in MIF-173 GG homozygous patients. Moreover, the duration of clinical response to intraarticular injection of triamcinolone hexacetonide was significantly shorter in patients carrying a MIF-173*C allele. At the last visit, the numbers of joints with active arthritis, the C-HAQ scores, and the numbers of joints with limited range of motion were significantly higher in patients carrying the MIF-173*C allele. Conclusion Our study shows the functional relevance of the MIF-173 polymorphism and suggests that the MIF-173*C allele is a predictor of poor outcome in systemic-onset JIA. [source] Mutation screening of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene: Positive association of a functional polymorphism of macrophage migration inhibitory factor with juvenile idiopathic arthritisARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 9 2002Rachelle Donn Objective To determine if polymorphisms of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene are associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography was used to screen the MIF gene in 32 UK Caucasian controls and 88 UK Caucasian JIA patients. Ninety-two healthy UK Caucasian controls were then genotyped for each of the polymorphic positions identified. A panel of 526 UK Caucasian JIA patients and 259 UK Caucasian controls were subsequently genotyped for a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identified in the 5,-flanking region of the gene, using SNaPshot ddNTP primer extension and capillary electrophoresis. The functional significance of this polymorphism was also studied using luciferase-based reporter gene assays in human T lymphoblast and epithelial cell lines. Results A tetranucleotide repeat CATT(5,7) beginning at nucleotide position ,794 and 3 SNPs at positions ,173 (G to C), +254 (T to C), and +656 (C to G) of the MIF gene were identified. No JIA-specific mutations were found. Allele and genotype frequencies differed significantly between the controls and the JIA patients for the MIF-173 polymorphism. Individuals possessing a MIF-173*C allele had an increased risk of JIA (34.8% versus 21.6%) (odds ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.4,2.7; P = 0.0002). Furthermore, the MIF-173* G and C variants resulted in altered expression of MIF in a cell type,specific manner. Serum levels of MIF were also significantly higher in individuals who carried a MIF-173*C allele (P = 0.04). Conclusion The ,173-MIF*C allele confers increased risk of susceptibility to JIA. Our data suggest a cell type,specific regulation of MIF, which may be central to understanding its role in inflammation. [source] Oxidoreductase macrophage migration inhibitory factor is simultaneously increased in leukocyte subsets of patients with severe sepsisBIOFACTORS, Issue 4 2008Lutz E. Lehmann M.D. Abstract The oxidoreductase Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is discussed as a promising target for immunomodulatory therapy in patients with severe sepsis. Moreover, MIF expresses tautomerase as well as thiol-protein oxidore-ductase activities and has a potential role in cellular redox homeostasis, apoptosis inhibition, endotoxin responsiveness as well as regulation of nuclear transcription factors. To further elucidate a potential role of intracellular MIF in severe sepsis, we assessed alterations of intracellular MIF content in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with severe sepsis in comparison to healthy controls and non-septic patients after major surgery. Intracellular MIF was significantly elevated simultaneously in lymphocytes, B-cells, macrophages and granulocytes of patients with severe sepsis when compared to healthy control individuals (p < 0.05) and increased when compared to non-septic patients after major surgery. In parallel, plasma MIF levels were elevated in severe sepsis (p < 0.05). There was no difference of intracellular MIF in lymphocytes, B-cells, macrophages or granulocytes between surviving and non-surviving patients with severe sepsis (p > 0.05). However, in survivors LPS ex vivo stimulation increased MIF secretion but not in non-survivors of sepsis (p < 0.05). This finding underlines the role of intracellular MIF in inflammatory diseases. It suggests monitoring of intracellular MIF in further clinical and non-clinical research valuable. [source] Comparative proteomic analysis between normal skin and keloid scarBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2010C.T. Ong Summary Background, Keloids are pathological scars and, despite numerous available treatment modalities, continue to plague physicians and patients. Objectives, Identification of molecular mediators that contribute to this fibrotic phenotype. Methods, Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF, Mascot online database searching algorithm and Melanie 5 gel analysis software were employed for comparative proteomic analysis between normal skin (NS) and keloid scar (KS) tissue extracts. Results, Seventy-nine protein spots corresponding to 23 and 32 differentially expressed proteins were identified in NS and KS, respectively. Isoforms of heat shock proteins, gelsolin, carbonic anhydrase and notably keratin 10 were strongly expressed in NS along with manganese superoxide dismutase, immune components, antitrypsin, prostatic binding protein and crystalline. Various classes of proteins were found either to be present or to be upregulated in keloid tissue: (i) inflammatory/differentiated keratinocyte markers: S100 proteins, peroxiredoxin I; (ii) wound healing proteins: gelsolin-like capping protein; (iii) fibrogenetic proteins: mast cell ,-tryptase, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF); (iv) antifibrotic proteins: asporin; (v) tumour suppressor proteins: stratifin, galectin-1, maspin; and (vi) antiangiogenic proteins: pigment epithelium-derived factor. Significant increases in expression of asporin, stratifin, galectin-1 and MIF were observed by Western blot analysis in KS. Conclusions, This work has identified differentially expressed proteins specific to KS tissue extracts which can potentially be used as specific targets for therapeutic intervention. [source] Is the modulatory effect of pregnancy in multiple sclerosis associated with changes in blood apoptotic molecules?ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2010S. Rinta Rinta S, Airas L, Elovaara I. Is the modulatory effect of pregnancy in multiple sclerosis associated with changes in blood apoptotic molecules? Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 122: 168,174. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objective,,, We examined whether the modulatory effect of pregnancy on multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with changes in the apoptotic molecules in sera. Subjects and methods,,, The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (sTRAIL), sFas, Fas ligand (sFasL) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor were analyzed from 19 MS patients and 14 controls during late pregnancy and post-partum. The obtained results were related to disease activity and the progression of MS. Results,,, Disease activity decreased during pregnancy. The levels of sTRAIL and sFasL increased from late pregnancy to post-partum situation in both MS patients and controls, but in MS patients the changes in the levels of sTRAIL from late pregnancy to post-partum were smaller than in controls. Conclusions,,, Post-partum upregulation of TRAIL and FasL seems to be caused by physiologic reactivation of the mother's immune system after pregnancy. An increased risk of relapses in MS post-partum may be associated with changes in the immunomodulatory potential of these apoptotic molecules. [source] | |||||||||||||