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Male Circumcision (male + circumcision)
Selected AbstractsNontherapeutic Male Circumcision: Tackling the Difficult IssuesTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 8 2009Caryn L. Perera BA (Lib & Info Mgt), Grad Cert EBP ABSTRACT Introduction., Male circumcision is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the world. Circumcision may be performed to treat an underlying pathological process ("therapeutic circumcision"). However there may be religious, cultural, and social indications. Aim., This article addresses the religious, cultural, social, and ethical issues surrounding nontherapeutic male circumcision (NTMC). Main Outcome Measures., Any religious, social, cultural, or ethical issues relating to NTMC. Methods., Because of the absence of high level evidence, a concise literature review was undertaken to identify articles published between January 1990 and February 2009 summarizing current knowledge on NTMC. Results., There are complex religious, cultural, social, and prophylactic incentives for NTMC. The procedure may have associated clinical and psychosocial adverse events and raises such ethical issues as bodily integrity and consent. Because of the strength of the incentives for NTMC, there may be important implications in denying patients the procedure. Several important issues must be considered when introducing mass circumcision as a preventative strategy for HIV/AIDS. Conclusion., When assessing whether NTMC will benefit or harm a patient, clinicians must take his religious, cultural, and social circumstances into account. Males requiring mandatory religious or cultural NTMC are likely to suffer significant harm if they do not receive circumcision and should be considered separately to males in general. Perera CL, Bridgewater FHG, Thavaneswaran P, and Maddern GJ. Nontherapeutic male circumcision: Tackling the difficult issues. J Sex Med 2009;6:2237,2243. [source] Male circumcision in HIV prevention: some implementation caveats,HIV MEDICINE, Issue 6 2008JV Lazarus No abstract is available for this article. [source] Nontherapeutic Male Circumcision: Tackling the Difficult IssuesTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 8 2009Caryn L. Perera BA (Lib & Info Mgt), Grad Cert EBP ABSTRACT Introduction., Male circumcision is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the world. Circumcision may be performed to treat an underlying pathological process ("therapeutic circumcision"). However there may be religious, cultural, and social indications. Aim., This article addresses the religious, cultural, social, and ethical issues surrounding nontherapeutic male circumcision (NTMC). Main Outcome Measures., Any religious, social, cultural, or ethical issues relating to NTMC. Methods., Because of the absence of high level evidence, a concise literature review was undertaken to identify articles published between January 1990 and February 2009 summarizing current knowledge on NTMC. Results., There are complex religious, cultural, social, and prophylactic incentives for NTMC. The procedure may have associated clinical and psychosocial adverse events and raises such ethical issues as bodily integrity and consent. Because of the strength of the incentives for NTMC, there may be important implications in denying patients the procedure. Several important issues must be considered when introducing mass circumcision as a preventative strategy for HIV/AIDS. Conclusion., When assessing whether NTMC will benefit or harm a patient, clinicians must take his religious, cultural, and social circumstances into account. Males requiring mandatory religious or cultural NTMC are likely to suffer significant harm if they do not receive circumcision and should be considered separately to males in general. Perera CL, Bridgewater FHG, Thavaneswaran P, and Maddern GJ. Nontherapeutic male circumcision: Tackling the difficult issues. J Sex Med 2009;6:2237,2243. [source] HIV Epidemics in Africa: What Explains the Variations in HIV Prevalence?IUBMB LIFE, Issue 4-5 2002Anne Buvé Abstract There are large differences in the prevalence of HIV infection between different regions in sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from less than 10% in pregnant women in most of West Africa, to over 25% in pregnant women in large cities in Eastern and Southern Africa. These differences in HIV prevalence are in many instances due to differences in rate of spread of the virus. The multicenter study on factors determining the differential spread of HIV in four African cities tried to identify factors that could explain differences in spread of HIV between different regions in sub-Saharan Africa. The study was conducted in four cities, including two cities with a relatively low HIV prevalence (Cotonou in Bénin and Yaoundé in Cameroon) and two cities with a high HIV prevalence (Kisumu in Kenya and Ndola in Zambia). The difference in HIV prevalence between the four cities could not be explained by differences in sexual behavior. Any differences in sexual behavior were outweighed by differences in factors that influence HIV transmission, i.e. male circumcision and HSV-2 infection. These findings have important implications for the design of interventions. [source] Nontherapeutic Male Circumcision: Tackling the Difficult IssuesTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 8 2009Caryn L. Perera BA (Lib & Info Mgt), Grad Cert EBP ABSTRACT Introduction., Male circumcision is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the world. Circumcision may be performed to treat an underlying pathological process ("therapeutic circumcision"). However there may be religious, cultural, and social indications. Aim., This article addresses the religious, cultural, social, and ethical issues surrounding nontherapeutic male circumcision (NTMC). Main Outcome Measures., Any religious, social, cultural, or ethical issues relating to NTMC. Methods., Because of the absence of high level evidence, a concise literature review was undertaken to identify articles published between January 1990 and February 2009 summarizing current knowledge on NTMC. Results., There are complex religious, cultural, social, and prophylactic incentives for NTMC. The procedure may have associated clinical and psychosocial adverse events and raises such ethical issues as bodily integrity and consent. Because of the strength of the incentives for NTMC, there may be important implications in denying patients the procedure. Several important issues must be considered when introducing mass circumcision as a preventative strategy for HIV/AIDS. Conclusion., When assessing whether NTMC will benefit or harm a patient, clinicians must take his religious, cultural, and social circumstances into account. Males requiring mandatory religious or cultural NTMC are likely to suffer significant harm if they do not receive circumcision and should be considered separately to males in general. Perera CL, Bridgewater FHG, Thavaneswaran P, and Maddern GJ. Nontherapeutic male circumcision: Tackling the difficult issues. J Sex Med 2009;6:2237,2243. [source] | ||||||||||