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Lower Urinary Tract Infections (lower + urinary_tract_infections)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Residual Urine as a Risk Factor for Lower Urinary Tract Infection: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study in Nursing Homes

JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 5 2008
Ragnhild Omli RN
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether postvoid urine is a risk factor for the development of lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing home residents. DESIGN: Prospective surveillance with a follow-up period of 1 year. SETTING: Six Norwegian nursing homes. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred fifty nursing home residents. METHODS: Postvoid residual (PVR) urine volumes were measured using a portable ultrasound. UTIs were registered prospectively for 1 year. RESULTS: Ninety-eight residents (65.3%) had a PVR less than 100 mL, and 52 (34.7%) had a PVR of 100 mL or greater. During the follow-up period, 51 residents (34.0%) developed one or more UTIs. The prevalence of UTI in women was higher than in men (40.4% vs 19.6%; P=.02). There was no significant difference in mean PVR between residents who did and did not develop a UTI (79 vs 97 mL, P=.26). PVR of 100 mL or greater was not associated with greater risk of developing a UTI (P=.59). CONCLUSION: High PVR is common in nursing home residents. No association between PVR and UTI was found. [source]

Adjuvant effect of vitamin A on recurrent lower urinary tract infections

PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2007
AYGEN YILMAZ
Abstract Background: The purpose of the present paper was to investigate the effects of vitamin A supplementation on recurrent lower urinary tract infections (RUTI). Methods: Twenty-four patients with non-complicated RUTI were included in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded study. Twelve patients received a single dose of 200 000 IU vitamin A in addition to antimicrobial therapy. Patient and control groups (each containing 12 patients) were followed for up to 1 year and were evaluated for eradication and frequency of lower urinary tract infections (UTI). Serum levels of vitamin A and ,-carotene were determined periodically. Results: During the first 6 months follow-up period the infection rate of the vitamin A-supplemented group reduced from 3.58 to 0.75 per 6 months, and in the subsequent 6 months the infection rate was 1.75 per 6 months. These values were calculated as 2.75, 2.83 and 2.66, respectively, in the placebo group. Conclusion: Vitamin A supplementation may have an adjuvant effect on the treatment of RUTI. [source]

Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli in urine samples from children and adults: a 12 year analysis

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2004
K Abelson Storby
Aim: To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract pathogens, primarily Escherichia coli, in two age groups, children 2 y and adults 18-50 y, over a period of 12 y. Methods: From the database of the microbiological laboratory all urinary tract culture data were extracted and structured according to date, patient age, bacteriological findings, antimicrobial susceptibility results and sample type. Statistical longitudinal analysis of bacteriological findings and antimicrobial resistance trends in the two age groups were performed. Results: Statistical significance was obtained for the following results. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen in both age groups and irrespective of sample type. In E. coli resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim was higher in children than in adults and increased over time in both age groups. Resistance to fluoroquinolones was higher in adults than in children and increased over time in both groups. Resistance to pivmecillinam, cefadroxil and nitrofurantoin was below 2% in 2001 in both age groups. Conclusion: The steadily increasing and now high E. coli resistance levels in children to ampicillin and trimethoprim render empirical therapy with these drugs doubtful. The stable and low levels of resistance to pivmecillinam, cefadroxil and nitrofurantoin (>2% in 2001) make these drugs reasonable alternatives in uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections. [source]