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Lower Systolic Blood Pressure (lower + systolic_blood_pressure)
Selected AbstractsLower Systolic Blood Pressure Is Associated with Greater Mortality in People Aged 85 and OlderJOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 10 2008Lena Molander Bsc OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between blood pressure and mortality in very old people. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING: County of Västerbotten, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: Half of all subjects aged 85 and all of those aged 90 and 95 and older (N=348) in one urban and five rural municipalities in the north of Sweden. MEASUREMENTS: Among others, supine blood pressure, Mini-Mental State Examination, Barthel Index of activities of daily living, Mini Nutritional Assessment, and body mass index. Information on diagnoses, medications, and 4-year mortality was collected. Associations between blood pressure and mortality were investigated using Cox regression analyses, controlling for a number of diagnoses and health factors. RESULTS: Baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure were all inversely associated with mortality within 4 years according to univariate analysis. SBP was the strongest predictor. In Cox regression analyses, low SBP (,120 mmHg) correlated with greater 4-year all-cause mortality alone and when controlling for health status. This connection persisted after exclusion of deaths within the first year. There was a tendency toward a U-shaped mortality curve for the adjusted model, with SBP of 164.2 mmHg (95% confidence interval=154.1,183.8 mmHg) being associated with the lowest mortality. CONCLUSION: Lower SBP seems to be associated with greater mortality in people aged 85 and older, irrespective of health status. There are indications of a U-shaped correlation between SBP and mortality, and the optimal SBP for this age group could be above 140 mmHg. [source] Does ethnic origin have an independent impact on hypertension and diabetic complications?DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, Issue 2 2006V. Baskar Aim:, The morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular complications in diabetes reputedly differ with ethnicity. We have evaluated the prevalence of hypertension and vascular complications amongst Afro-Caribbean (AC), Caucasian (C) and Indo-Asian (IA) ethnic subgroups of a district's diabetes population to estimate the impact of ethnic origin as an independent risk variable. Methods:, Of the 6485 registered adult individuals, 6047 had ethnic data available and belonged to one of the three ethnic groups described (AC 9%, C 70% and IA 21%). Statistical analyses were performed using spss version 11.5. Results:, Results are presented as mean ± s.d. or percentage. IAs were younger (AC 63 ± 13, C 61 ± 15 and IA 57 ± 13 years), were less obese (body mass index 30 ± 8, 29 ± 9, 28 ± 6 kg/cm2) and had lower systolic blood pressure (155 ± 25, 149 ± 24, 147 ± 24 mmHg) and lower prevalence of hypertension (82%, 74% and 68%) compared with C, who had lower values than AC (all p < 0.01). Relative to C group, the AC group had higher prevalence of hypertension and microvascular complications but lower macrovascular disease burden, while the IA group had lower hypertension and macrovascular complications but with comparable microvascular disease burden [microvascular (51%, 44% and 46%; p < 0.01) and macrovascular (33%, 40% and 32%; p < 0.001)]. On logistic regression, this effect of ethnic origin on diabetic complications was found to be significant and independent of other risk variables. Conclusion:, Hypertension and diabetic complication rates were different amongst ethnic subgroups. On logistic regression, it was found that the difference in distribution of age and diabetes duration largely accounted for this difference, although ethnic origin remained an independent risk factor. [source] Psychosocial Correlates of Cardiovascular Reactivity to Anticipation of an Exercise Stress Test Prior to Attending Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Preliminary Test,JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOBEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2008Shawn N. Fraser We examined social and psychological correlates of cardiovascular reactivity (CVR), or exaggerated heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) responses to mental stress, in 45 men (mean age = 60.1, SD = 9.9) and 17 women (mean age = 9.9, SD = 11.8) prior to cardiac rehabilitation. HR and BP increased from rest to anticipation, and women had higher resting and preexercise BP. Anxiety was positively related to HR reactivity. HR reactivity was negatively related to self-efficacy in women and positively related to self-efficacy in men. Men and women with more self-efficacy had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity, and anxiety was positively related to SBP reactivity in women. Results suggest that the relationship among psychosocial factors and CVR might differ among men and women. [source] Does less autonomy erode women's health?AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Understanding the determinants of health is a central objective of human biology and related fields. Female autonomy is hypothesized to be an important determinant of women's health as well as demographic outcomes. The literature relating women's health to their everyday autonomy has produced conflicting results, and this may be due in part to the application of different measures of autonomy and different measures of health. Using secondary data from a large nationally representative study, this study examines the relationship between multiple measures of female autonomy and three measures of wellbeing among women living in Uzbekistan (n = 5,396). The multivariate results show that women's autonomy related to freedom of movement is associated with lower levels of depression symptomatology and lower systolic blood pressure. Respondents who assert that women should have control over their bodies also had lower odds of high depression symptoms and lower diastolic blood pressure. In contrast, women with greater decision-making autonomy were more likely to be classified as having high depressive symptomatology and higher diastolic blood pressure. Building on recent work, we suggest that these associations might reflect varying levels of agreement between men and women, and we provide some limited evidence to support this. This study stands as a theoretical and methodological cautionary note by suggesting that the relationship between autonomy and health is complex. Further, if differences in gender agreement underlie differences in the predictive accuracy of autonomy scales, then human biology researchers will need to begin collecting identical data from men and women. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Influence of muscle training on resting blood flow and forearm vessel diameter in patients with chronic renal failure,BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 6 2010S. Kumar Background: Blood flow and vessel diameter are predictors of the success of vascular access procedures. This study investigated whether a simple exercise programme could influence these variables. Methods: Twenty-three patients with chronic kidney disease were prescribed a simple exercise programme for one arm only; the investigators were blinded to the patients' choice. All underwent arterial and venous duplex imaging, handgrip strength and blood pressure measurements before and 1 month after the exercise programme. Results: Twelve patients exercised their dominant and 11 their non-dominant arm. In the trained arm, the exercise programme resulted in a significant increase in handgrip strength, by a median (interquartile range) of 4 (0,8) kg (P < 0·001), and in the diameter of the brachial artery (0·2 (0·1,0·3) mm; P < 0·001), radial artery (0·3 (0·2,0·4) mm; P < 0·001), and cephalic vein (0·6 (0·4,1·2) mm in the forearm and 1·1 (0·4,1·2) mm above the elbow; P < 0·001). There was an increase in brachial artery mean velocity (3 (1,7) cm/s; P = 0·009) and peak systolic velocity (8 (1,15) cm/s; P = 0·020), despite a marginally lower systolic blood pressure (,8 (,16 to 0) mmHg; P = 0·007). There was no change in any of these parameters in the non-exercised arm. Conclusion: In patients with chronic kidney disease, forearm exercise increased blood flow and vessel diameters. This may be beneficial before vascular access formation. Copyright © 2010 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||