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Log Rank (log + rank)
Terms modified by Log Rank Selected AbstractsImpact of multiple HPV infection on response to treatment and survival in patients receiving radical radiotherapy for cervical cancerINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 3 2002Barbara Bachtiary Abstract To obtain information on the incidence and the clinical significance of infection with various types of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in cancer of the uterine cervix, we retrospectively examined the HPV status of 106 patients who had received radical radiotherapy for cervical cancer stages IB to IIIB. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies and PCR was carried out to identify HPV types 16, 18, 31, 35, 33 and 45. To detect additional HPV types, consensus PCR products were cloned and sequenced. A catalyzed signal-amplified colorimetric in situ hybridization was carried out in 84 of 106 specimens as a positive control. Response to therapy, progression-free survival (PFS) and cervical cancer-specific survival (CCSS) were the statistical endpoints. Survival analysis was carried out using univariate and multivariate analysis (Cox regression). Ninety-six patients (90.6%) were HPV-positive and 42/96 (43.7%) were positive for multiple HPV types. Eight patients had persistent disease after radiotherapy. From these 8 patients, 7 were infected with multiple HPV types and only 1 patient had an infection with a single HPV type. After a median follow up period of 50 months, patients with multiple HPV infection had a significantly shorter PFS and CCSS compared to those with single HPV infection (24.8% and 34.9% vs. 64% and 60.8%, Log rank, p < 0.01 and 0.04). In multivariate analysis, the presence of multiple HPV types (RR 1.9), node status (RR 2.3), tumor size (RR 3.2) and histologic type (RR 4.8) were independent prognostic factors of CCSS. Our results demonstrate that the presence of multiple HPV types is associated with poor response and with reduced survival in cervical cancer patients who receive radiotherapy as the primary treatment. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Neopterin and interleukin-8 , prognosis in alcohol-induced cirrhosisLIVER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2000Christian Homann Abstract:Background: Neutrophil cytotoxity and activated macrophages have been implicated in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver disease. The aim of this study was to relate plasma levels of neopterin, a marker of activation of the cellular immune system, and IL-8, a neutrophil chemotactic factor, with severity of liver disease and prognosis in patients with alcohol-induced cirrhosis. Methods: Plasma concentrations of neopterin and IL-8 were assessed in 81 patients with alcohol-induced cirrhosis admitted to the Department of Medicine B, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, and in 16 healthy controls. After a median follow-up period of 5 years, mortality and death causes were registered. The patients were divided into groups according to the major contributing cause of death: infection, upper gastrointestinal bleeding or hepatic coma. Results: Neopterin and IL-8 levels were increased in the cirrhosis patients, but not significantly related to Child-Pugh classification. Five-year mortality was 67%. High neopterin levels (>upper quartile) were an independent predictor of death (p=0.01, Log rank and p<0.02, Cox). High IL-8 levels (>upper quartile) were of no significant prognostic value for overall mortality. Causes of death related mortality were as follows (Log rank): Neopterin; p=0.009, p=0.84 and p=0.94, and IL-8; p=0.36, p=0.002 and p=0.27, respectively, according to infection, bleeding and coma as causes of death. Conclusions: Neopterin and IL-8 plasma levels are raised in patients with alcohol-induced cirrhosis, and are predictive of mortality associated with infections and upper gastrointestinal bleeding, respectively. [source] Baseline and time-averaged fluid removal affect technique survival in peritoneal dialysis in a non-linear fashionNEPHROLOGY, Issue 3 2007KATHRYN J WIGGINS SUMMARY: Aim: The longevity of peritoneal dialysis (PD) is limited by technique failure and patient mortality. The authors assessed the influence of baseline and time-averaged fluid removal on patient, technique and death-censored technique survival. Methods: Peritoneal and total fluid removal was measured 1 month after commencing PD, then 6 monthly, in 225 incident patients (mean age 55.3 ± 15.8 years, 52% male). A Cox proportional hazards model regression analysis was performed to identify variables independently predictive of technique and patient survival. Results: Seventy (31.9%) patients were transferred to haemodialysis and 39 (17.63%) died. Technique survival was greatest in the middle tertile of baseline total fluid removal (mean survival time 3.5 vs 2.5 and 2.2 years for the lower and upper tertiles, respectively, log rank 6.5, P = 0.039). The middle tertile of both baseline and time-averaged total fluid removal were significant predictors of PD survival (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.476, 95% CI 0.286,0.795, P = 0.005 relative to the upper tertile and HR 0.573, 95% CI 0.350,0.939, P = 0.027 for baseline and time-averaged, respectively). Other significant variables on multivariate analysis were body mass index (HR 1.044 per kg/m2, 95% CI 1.005,1.084, P = 0.028), creatinine (HR 0.999 per ,mol, 95% CI 0.998,1.000, P = 0.048) and residual Kt/V (HR 0.418, 95% CI 0.233,0.747, P = 0.003). Patient survival was not affected by fluid removal. Conclusion: Patients with moderate total fluid removal both at baseline and throughout their PD career have improved technique survival. Attention should be paid to optimizing total fluid removal. [source] A detailed evaluation of acute respiratory decline in patients with fibrotic lung disease: Aetiology and outcomesRESPIROLOGY, Issue 6 2010Tristan J. HUIE ABSTRACT Background and objective: A comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is recommended for all patients with fibrotic lung disease and acute respiratory decompensation. However, the effect on clinical outcomes of this evaluation remains unknown. Methods: We evaluated 27 consecutive patients with fibrotic lung disease who were hospitalized for an acute respiratory decline between June 2006 and April 2009. An interstitial lung disease expert assisted with the acute care of each patient. A retrospective review of the patient charts was performed to obtain demographic and clinical data, and to assess outcomes. Results: Using a strict definition of acute exacerbation (AE) of fibrotic lung disease derived from the IPF Network Pulmonary Perspective statement, 10 of the 27 patients were classified as definite AE and nine as suspected AE. In eight patients, infectious agents were identified as potential explanations for the respiratory decline. No patients with congestive heart failure or pulmonary embolism were identified. Overall survival to discharge was 37.0%. One-year survival was 14.8%. There were no differences in outcomes for patients with AE compared with those for whom potential infectious aetiologies were identified (log rank, P = 0.932). Patients with IPF showed a decreased rate of survival compared with patients with non-IPF fibrotic disease (1-year survival 0% vs 28.6%, log rank, P = 0.045). Conclusions: In patients with fibrotic lung disease and an acute respiratory decline, a detailed diagnostic evaluation revealed a potential infectious aetiology in up to one-third of cases. However, there was no association between this finding and outcomes in these patients. One-year survival was dismal in patients who suffered an acute respiratory decompensation. [source] A Sample Size Formula for the Supremum Log-Rank StatisticBIOMETRICS, Issue 1 2005Kevin Hasegawa Eng Summary An advantage of the supremum log-rank over the standard log-rank statistic is an increased sensitivity to a wider variety of stochastic ordering alternatives. In this article, we develop a formula for sample size computation for studies utilizing the supremum log-rank statistic. The idea is to base power on the proportional hazards alternative, so that the supremum log rank will have the same power as the standard log rank in the setting where the standard log rank is optimal. This results in a slight increase in sample size over that required for the standard log rank. For example, a 5.733% increase occurs for a two-sided test having type I error 0.05 and power 0.80. This slight increase in sample size is offset by the significant gains in power the supremum log-rank test achieves for a wide range of nonproportional hazards alternatives. A small simulation study is used for illustration. These results should facilitate the wider use of the supremum log-rank statistic in clinical trials. [source] Clinical outcomes for sirolimus-eluting stent implantation and vascular brachytherapy for the treatment of in-stent restenosisCATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS, Issue 3 2004Francesco Saia MD Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the mid-term clinical outcome of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation and vascular brachytherapy (VBT) for in-stent restenosis (ISR). We assessed the 9-month occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in 44 consecutive patients with ISR treated with SES implantation and 43 consecutive patients treated with VBT in the period immediately prior. Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics of the two groups were similar. During follow-up, three patients (7%) died in the VBT group and none in the SES group. The incidence of myocardial infarction was 2.3% in both groups. Target lesion revascularization was performed in 11.6% of the VBT patients and 16.3% of the SES patients (P = NS). The 9-month MACE-free survival was similar in both groups (79.1% VBT vs. 81.5% SES; P = 0.8 by log rank). The result of this nonrandomized study suggests that sirolimus-eluting stent implantation is at least as effective as vascular brachytherapy in the treatment of in-stent restenosis. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;62:283,288. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||