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Apical Displacement (apical + displacement)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Gingival and dentofacial changes in adolescents and adults 2 to 10 years after orthodontic treatment

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 9 2008
Georges-André Theytaz
Abstract Background: Information about long-term changes of the shape of the gingival margin is missing. Aim: To monitor 8 year changes of the gingival contour occurring in adolescents and adults and relate these changes to dentofacial growth. Subjects and method: Forty adolescents (mean age 16.3), and 14 adults (mean age 29.7) were included in the study with photographs, radiographs and casts taken 2 and 10 years after orthodontic treatment. The gingival contour of upper central incisors and the midline passing through the contact surface of both teeth were traced digitally using calibrated photographs. Changes were measured on seven standardized lines of the gingival contour. Lower facial height changes and tooth eruption were measured using lateral cephalograms. Results: Adolescents and adults showed a central mean apical displacement of the gingival margin of 0.51 mm (SD 0.4 mm) and 0.13 mm (SD 0.17 mm), respectively. This displacement decreased by moving away from the centre. The gingival displacement was associated to the individual's lower facial height augmentation, r=0.63 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Apical displacement of the gingival contour of the upper central incisors takes place during adolescence following a semi-lunar shape. Growth explains parts of these changes. [source]

Taurodontism: a review of the condition and endodontic treatment challenges

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 5 2008
H. Jafarzadeh
Abstract Taurodontism can be defined as a change in tooth shape caused by the failure of Hertwig's epithelial sheath diaphragm to invaginate at the proper horizontal level. An enlarged pulp chamber, apical displacement of the pulpal floor, and no constriction at the level of the cementoenamel junction are the characteristic features. Although permanent molar teeth are most commonly affected, this change can also be seen in both the permanent and deciduous dentition, unilaterally or bilaterally, and in any combination of teeth or quadrants. Whilst it appears most frequently as an isolated anomaly, its association with several syndromes and abnormalities has also been reported. The literature on taurodontism in the context of endodontics up to March 2007 was reviewed using PubMed, MEDLINE and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature. Despite the clinical challenges in endodontic therapy, taurodontism has received little attention from clinicians. In performing root canal treatment on such teeth, one should appreciate the complexity of the root canal system, canal obliteration and configuration, and the potential for additional root canal systems. Careful exploration of the grooves between all orifices particularly with magnification, use of ultrasonic irrigation; and a modified filling technique are of particular use. [source]

Gingival and dentofacial changes in adolescents and adults 2 to 10 years after orthodontic treatment

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 9 2008
Georges-André Theytaz
Abstract Background: Information about long-term changes of the shape of the gingival margin is missing. Aim: To monitor 8 year changes of the gingival contour occurring in adolescents and adults and relate these changes to dentofacial growth. Subjects and method: Forty adolescents (mean age 16.3), and 14 adults (mean age 29.7) were included in the study with photographs, radiographs and casts taken 2 and 10 years after orthodontic treatment. The gingival contour of upper central incisors and the midline passing through the contact surface of both teeth were traced digitally using calibrated photographs. Changes were measured on seven standardized lines of the gingival contour. Lower facial height changes and tooth eruption were measured using lateral cephalograms. Results: Adolescents and adults showed a central mean apical displacement of the gingival margin of 0.51 mm (SD 0.4 mm) and 0.13 mm (SD 0.17 mm), respectively. This displacement decreased by moving away from the centre. The gingival displacement was associated to the individual's lower facial height augmentation, r=0.63 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Apical displacement of the gingival contour of the upper central incisors takes place during adolescence following a semi-lunar shape. Growth explains parts of these changes. [source]

Meta analysis of the treatment-related factors of external apical root resorption

ORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2004
GR Segal
Structured Abstract Authors , Segal GR, Schiffman PH, Tuncay OC Objective , To elucidate possible treatment-related etiological factors , such as, duration of treatment and apical displacement , for external root resorption. Design , Meta-analysis of the available English-language literature. Inclusion & Exclusion Criteria , Papers with a sample size >10, fixed appliances, pre- and post-operative radiographs, and apical displacement recorded were included. History of trauma, prior root resorption and endodontic treatment were excluded. Appropriateness of these selections was tested with a ,funnel plot' analysis. Outcome Measure , Correlations between root resorption, apical displacement, and treatment duration. Results , Mean apical root resorption was strongly correlated with total apical displacement (r = 0.822) and treatment duration (r = 0.852). Conclusion , The treatment-related causes of root resorption appear to be the total distance the apex had moved and the time it took. [source]