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AP Diameter (ap + diameter)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Sonographic measurement of the fetal cerebellum, cisterna magna, and cavum septum pellucidum in normal fetuses in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND, Issue 4 2003
Selami Serhatlioglu MD
Abstract Purpose Absence of the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), the cisterna magna (CM), or both, and enlargement of either or both structures are associated with various central nervous system malformations. In an effort to determine normal sizes and relationships between these cranial structures, we measured the CSP and CM in normal fetuses in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy using transabdominal sonography. Methods Women with uncomplicated pregnancies and normal singleton fetuses between 16 and 38 weeks' menstrual age were included in this prospective study. The width and anteroposterior (AP) diameters of the CSP were measured on the transverse transventricular plane, and the AP diameter of the CM was measured on the transcerebellar plane from the posterior aspect of the cerebellar vermis to the inner edge of the cranium. The transverse and AP diameters of the cerebellum were also measured. In addition, we measured the biparietal diameters (BPDs). Results In total, 130 women participated; 64 were examined in their second trimester and 66 in their third trimester. The mean age of the women was 27.4 ± 4.8 years (range, 18,38 years), and the mean menstrual age of the fetuses was 26.9 ± 6.7 weeks (range, 16,38 weeks). The mean BPD was 66.8 ± 18.7 mm (range, 30,96 mm). The mean width and AP diameter of the CSP and the mean AP diameter of the CM differed significantly between the second and third trimesters (p < 0.001). All measured parameters correlated significantly with menstrual age and BPD. Conclusions In normal fetuses, the CSP and CM should be visible on transabdominal sonography between 16 and 38 weeks' menstrual age. Because abnormalities in these cranial structures may be indicative of central nervous system malformations, the availability of mean sonographic measurements from normal fetuses should be helpful in determining the need for additional testing in fetuses with abnormal measurements. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:194,200, 2003 [source]

MRI and S-MRCP findings in patients with suspected chronic pancreatitis: Correlation with endoscopic pancreatic function testing (ePFT)

JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, Issue 3 2010
N. Cem Balci MD
Abstract Purpose: To review magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and secretin stimulated magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (S-MRCP) findings of patients with suspected chronic pancreatitis and compare them with endoscopic pancreatic function testing (ePFT). Materials and Methods: MRI and S-MRCP findings of 36 patients with clinically suspected chronic pancreatitis were reviewed. Baseline ductal changes, duodenal filling grades, and pancreatic duct caliber change (PDC) on S-MRCP, mean values of pancreatic anteroposterior (AP) diameter, signal intensity ratio (SIR) between pancreas and the spleen on T1-weighted fat saturated images, and arterial to venous (A/V) enhancement ratios were compared between groups of normal and abnormal pancreatic exocrine function determined by ePFT. Results: All patients (n = 24) with normal ePFT (HCO3 >80 mEq/L) had grade 3 normal duodenal filling. Patients with abnormal ePFT (HCO3 <80 mEq/L) (n = 12) had grade 1 (n = 1) and grade 2 (n = 11) diminished duodenal filling (P < 0.0001). PDC was 1.51 in the normal ePFT group versus 1.27 in the abnormal ePFT group (P = 0.01). No significant differences were found in terms of mean pancreatic AP diameter (21.8 vs. 19.8 cm), SIR (1.59 vs. 1.44), and A/V (1.08 vs. 1.01) between groups of normal/abnormal pancreatic exocrine function. Conclusion: Despite discrepancies between pancreatic exocrine function and the findings on standard MRI/MRCP, the S-MRCP findings are comparable to ePFT in the evaluation of chronic pancreatitis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:601,606. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Sonographic measurement of the fetal cerebellum, cisterna magna, and cavum septum pellucidum in normal fetuses in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND, Issue 4 2003
Selami Serhatlioglu MD
Abstract Purpose Absence of the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), the cisterna magna (CM), or both, and enlargement of either or both structures are associated with various central nervous system malformations. In an effort to determine normal sizes and relationships between these cranial structures, we measured the CSP and CM in normal fetuses in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy using transabdominal sonography. Methods Women with uncomplicated pregnancies and normal singleton fetuses between 16 and 38 weeks' menstrual age were included in this prospective study. The width and anteroposterior (AP) diameters of the CSP were measured on the transverse transventricular plane, and the AP diameter of the CM was measured on the transcerebellar plane from the posterior aspect of the cerebellar vermis to the inner edge of the cranium. The transverse and AP diameters of the cerebellum were also measured. In addition, we measured the biparietal diameters (BPDs). Results In total, 130 women participated; 64 were examined in their second trimester and 66 in their third trimester. The mean age of the women was 27.4 ± 4.8 years (range, 18,38 years), and the mean menstrual age of the fetuses was 26.9 ± 6.7 weeks (range, 16,38 weeks). The mean BPD was 66.8 ± 18.7 mm (range, 30,96 mm). The mean width and AP diameter of the CSP and the mean AP diameter of the CM differed significantly between the second and third trimesters (p < 0.001). All measured parameters correlated significantly with menstrual age and BPD. Conclusions In normal fetuses, the CSP and CM should be visible on transabdominal sonography between 16 and 38 weeks' menstrual age. Because abnormalities in these cranial structures may be indicative of central nervous system malformations, the availability of mean sonographic measurements from normal fetuses should be helpful in determining the need for additional testing in fetuses with abnormal measurements. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 31:194,200, 2003 [source]