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Linear Process (linear + process)
Selected AbstractsCI Implementation: An Empirical Test of the CI Maturity ModelCREATIVITY AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2006Frances Jørgensen There are a number of tools available for organizations wishing to measure and subsequently develop Continuous Improvement (CI). In this article, we review and evaluate a well-accepted CI development model, namely the CI Maturity Model (Bessant and Caffyn, 1997), against data collected from the 2nd Continuous Improvement Network Survey and a number of empirical cases described in the literature. While the CI Maturity Model suggests that CI maturation ought to be a linear process, the findings in this article suggest that there are feasible alternatives for companies to develop CI capability. [source] Reflections on issues of power in packaged software selectionINFORMATION SYSTEMS JOURNAL, Issue 3 2006Debra Howcroft Abstract., The adoption of packaged software is becoming increasingly common in a variety of organizations and much of the packaged software literature presents this as a straightforward, linear process based on rationalistic evaluation. This paper applies the framework of power relations developed by Markus and Bjørn-Andersen to a longitudinal study concerning the adoption of a customer relationship management package in a small organization. This is used to highlight both overt and covert power issues within the selection and procurement of the product and illustrate the interplay of power between senior management, information technology (IT) managers, IT vendors and consultants and end-users. The paper contributes to the growing body of literature on packaged software and also to our understanding of how power is deeply embedded within the surrounding processes. [source] Theoretical Model for Conceptualizing Cross-Cultural Applications and Intervention Strategies for Parents of Children With DisabilitiesJOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 4 2006Lorraine Wilgosh Abstract, Theoretical models should provide a framework to facilitate parents' developing effective life management strategies. This paper provides a brief overview of the research on parent effective life management and cross-cultural issues for families with a child who has disabilities. The authors note that the ability of image-making, meaning-making, and choice-making to facilitate outcome is clearly substantiated by research in the stress and coping literature. Using the parent transformational process model, the authors examined responses from 18 multicultural families to demonstrate how this model may go beyond description of relevant cross-cultural family variables in making sense of research findings and conceptualizing meaningful, and appropriate intervention strategies for families of children with disabilities. The authors conclude that rather than a linear process, it is quite likely that the critical questions that parents deal with at the diagnosis of their child reappear at other child and family markers, requiring a reworking of images and meanings and provision of a new range of choices. Professionals should be aware that parental adjustments to disability are not always linear, and thus use this awareness to not judge parents and to serve as catalysts for continued positive life management and transformation throughout the family life cycle. [source] Averaged Periodogram Spectral Estimation with Long-memory Conditional HeteroscedasticityJOURNAL OF TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, Issue 4 2001Marc Henry The empirical relevance of long-memory conditional heteroscedasticity has emerged in a variety of studies of long time series of high frequency financial measurements. A reassessment of the applicability of existing semiparametric frequency domain tools for the analysis of time dependence and long-run behaviour of time series is therefore warranted. To that end, in this paper the averaged periodogram statistic is analysed in the framework of a generalized linear process with long-memory conditional heteroscedastic innovations according to a model specification first proposed by Robinson (Testing for strong serial correlation and dynamic conditional heteroscedasticity in multiple regression. J. Economet. 47 (1991), 67,84). It is shown that the averaged periodogram estimate of the spectral density of a short-memory process remains asymptotically normal with unchanged asymptotic variance under mild moment conditions, and that for strongly dependent processes Robinson's averaged periodogram estimate of long memory (Semiparametric analysis of long memory time series. Ann. Stat. 22 (1994), 515,39) remains consistent. [source] Institutional learning and adaptation: Developing state audit capacity in ChinaPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION & DEVELOPMENT, Issue 1 2009Ting GongArticle first published online: 20 JAN 200 Abstract In recent decades, the Chinese state has been confronted by a dual challenge: to monitor and regulate the country's rapid socioeconomic development and, at the same time, to reform itself, as centrally planned state, in order to adapt to market-driven changes. This has made it an imperative for the state to remake as well as strengthen its capacity. How has the Chinese state taken up the challenge? To what extent has state capacity been shaped or reshaped in the process? Is the state's endeavour to strengthen and institutionalise its capacity successful? This article examines China's experience with building a powerful audit regime to answer these questions. It explores the driving forces behind institutional change and capacity development. As the findings show, the evolution of the state audit capacity in China is not a simple, linear process, but rather it is associated with multiple changes in the legal and regulatory framework, inter-institutional relations and the norms guiding the behaviour of institutional actors. The development of the state audit in China reveals both the dynamics and dilemmas of state capacity development. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Perspective: The Stage-Gate® Idea-to-Launch Process,Update, What's New, and NexGen Systems,THE JOURNAL OF PRODUCT INNOVATION MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2008Robert G. Cooper Stage-Gate has become a popular system for driving new products to market, and the benefits of using such a robust idea-to-launch system have been well documented. However, there are many misconceptions and challenges in using Stage-Gate. First, Stage-Gate is briefly outlined, noting how the system should work and the structure of both stages and gates. Next, some of the misconceptions about Stage-Gate,it is not a linear process, nor is it a rigid system,are debunked, and explanations of what Stage-Gate is and is not are provided. The challenges faced in employing Stage-Gate are identified, including governance issues, overbureaucratizing the process, and misapplying cost-cutting systems such as Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing to product innovation. Solutions are offered, including better governance methods such as "gates with teeth," clearly defined gatekeepers, and gatekeeper rules of engagement, as well as ways to deal with bureaucracy, including leaner gates. Next-generation versions of Stage-Gate are introduced, notably a scalable system (to handle many different types and sizes of projects), as well as even more flexible and adaptable versions of Stage-Gate achieved via spiral development and simultaneous execution. Additionally, Stage-Gate now incorporates better decision-making practices including scorecards, success criteria, self-managed gates, electronic and virtual gates, and integration with portfolio management. Improved accountability and continuous improvement are now built into Stage-Gate via a rigorous postlaunch review. Finally, progressive companies are reinventing Stage-Gate for use with "open innovation," whereas others are applying the principles of value stream analysis to yield a leaner version of Stage-Gate. [source] Unification of single-configuration seismic imaging processesGEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING, Issue 2 2008H. Jaramillo ABSTRACT In this paper we derive an integral formula that encompasses all linear processes on seismic data. These include migration, demigration and residual migration, as well as data mapping procedures such as transformation to zero offset, inverse transformation to zero offset, residual transformation to zero offset and offset continuation. The derivation of the equation is different from all previous approaches to unification. Here we do not use a cascaded operation between two operators, but rather the superposition principle. In this regard, the derivation is not only more fundamental, but also simpler and more general. We study the kinematics and the dynamics of these processes and show that the signals can be reconstructed asymptotically either by finding the envelope of particular surfaces or by stacking energy along "adjoint" surfaces. For example, in the case of migration, the first set of surfaces are isochrons, while the "adjoint" surfaces are diffraction responses. In practice, the distinction between these two types of surfaces is equivalent to choosing the order of the computational loops with regard to the input and output seismic traces. [source] Asymptotic self-similarity and wavelet estimation for long-range dependent fractional autoregressive integrated moving average time series with stable innovationsJOURNAL OF TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, Issue 2 2005Stilian Stoev Primary 60G18; 60E07; Secondary 62M10; 63G20 Abstract., Methods for parameter estimation in the presence of long-range dependence and heavy tails are scarce. Fractional autoregressive integrated moving average (FARIMA) time series for positive values of the fractional differencing exponent d can be used to model long-range dependence in the case of heavy-tailed distributions. In this paper, we focus on the estimation of the Hurst parameter H = d + 1/, for long-range dependent FARIMA time series with symmetric , -stable (1 < , < 2) innovations. We establish the consistency and the asymptotic normality of two types of wavelet estimators of the parameter H. We do so by exploiting the fact that the integrated series is asymptotically self-similar with parameter H. When the parameter , is known, we also obtain consistent and asymptotically normal estimators for the fractional differencing exponent d = H , 1/,. Our results hold for a larger class of causal linear processes with stable symmetric innovations. As the wavelet-based estimation method used here is semi-parametric, it allows for a more robust treatment of long-range dependent data than parametric methods. [source] A linear model of gravity wave drag for hydrostatic sheared flow over elliptical mountainsTHE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Issue 620 2006M. A. C. Teixeira Abstract An analytical model of orographic gravity wave drag due to sheared flow past elliptical mountains is developed. The model extends the domain of applicability of the well-known Phillips model to wind profiles that vary relatively slowly in the vertical, so that they may be treated using a WKB approximation. The model illustrates how linear processes associated with wind profile shear and curvature affect the drag force exerted by the airflow on mountains, and how it is crucial to extend the WKB approximation to second order in the small perturbation parameter for these effects to be taken into account. For the simplest wind profiles, the normalized drag depends only on the Richardson number, Ri, of the flow at the surface and on the aspect ratio, ,, of the mountain. For a linear wind profile, the drag decreases as Ri decreases, and this variation is faster when the wind is across the mountain than when it is along the mountain. For a wind that rotates with height maintaining its magnitude, the drag generally increases as Ri decreases, by an amount depending on , and on the incidence angle. The results from WKB theory are compared with exact linear results and also with results from a non-hydrostatic nonlinear numerical model, showing in general encouraging agreement, down to values of Ri of order one. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society [source] Fundamental mechanisms of the growth and decay of the PNA teleconnection patternTHE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Issue 581 2002Steven B. Feldstein Abstract This investigation performs diagnostic analyses on NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data, and also does forced, nonlinear, barotropic model calculations to examine the dynamical mechanisms associated with the growth and decay of the Pacific/North American teleconnection pattern (PNA). The diagnostic calculations include projection and composite analyses of each term in the stream-function-tendency equation. The results of the diagnostic analyses and model calculations reveal a PNA life cycle that is complete within approximately 2 weeks and is dominated by linear processes. The growth of the two upstream PNA anomaly centres is found to be by barotropic conversion from the zonally asymmetric climatological flow, and the two downstream PNA anomaly centres by linear dispersion. The PNA anomaly growth eventually ceases because of changes in the spatial structure of the anomaly. An analysis of the role of Ekman pumping is performed with a very simple model. The results, although qualitative, suggest that the decay of the PNA may be through Ekman pumping. An examination of the role of transient eddy vorticity fluxes indicates that they play an important role during some stages of the PNA life cycle. Lastly, the model calculations also reveal a crucial role played by the divergence term in maintaining the PNA anomaly in a quasi-fixed position. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society. [source] On the estimation of the heavy-tail exponent in time series using the max-spectrumAPPLIED STOCHASTIC MODELS IN BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY, Issue 3 2010Stilian A. Stoev Abstract This paper addresses the problem of estimating the tail index , of distributions with heavy, Pareto-type tails for dependent data, that is of interest in the areas of finance, insurance, environmental monitoring and teletraffic analysis. A novel approach based on the max self-similarity scaling behavior of block maxima is introduced. The method exploits the increasing lack of dependence of maxima over large size blocks, which proves useful for time series data. We establish the consistency and asymptotic normality of the proposed max-spectrum estimator for a large class of m -dependent time series, in the regime of intermediate block-maxima. In the regime of large block-maxima, we demonstrate the distributional consistency of the estimator for a broad range of time series models including linear processes. The max-spectrum estimator is a robust and computationally efficient tool, which provides a novel time-scale perspective to the estimation of the tail exponents. Its performance is illustrated over synthetic and real data sets. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||||||||