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Linear Pattern (linear + pattern)
Selected AbstractsA dual systems model of adolescent risk-taking,DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY, Issue 3 2010Laurence Steinberg Abstract It has been hypothesized that reward-seeking and impulsivity develop along different timetables and have different neural underpinnings, and that the difference in their timetables helps account for heightened risk-taking during adolescence. In order to test these propositions, age differences in reward-seeking and impulsivity were examined in a socioeconomically and ethnically diverse sample of 935 individuals between the ages of 10 and 30, using self-report and behavioral measures of each construct. Consistent with predictions, age differences in reward-seeking follow a curvilinear pattern, increasing between preadolescence and mid-adolescence, and declining thereafter. In contrast, age differences in impulsivity follow a linear pattern, with impulsivity declining steadily from age 10 on. Heightened vulnerability to risk-taking in middle adolescence may be due to the combination of relatively higher inclinations to seek rewards and still maturing capacities for self-control. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 216,224, 2010 [source] Desensitization to media violence over a short period of timeAGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR, Issue 2 2009Kostas A. Fanti Abstract This study investigated the desensitization to violence over a short period of time. Participants watched nine violent movie scenes and nine comedy scenes, and reported whether they enjoyed the violent or comedy scenes and whether they felt sympathetic toward the victim of violence. Using latent growth modeling, analyses were carried out to investigate how participants responded to the different scenes across time. The findings of this study suggested that repeated exposure to media violence reduces the psychological impact of media violence in the short term, therefore desensitizing viewers to media violence. As a result, viewers tended to feel less sympathetic toward the victims of violence and actually enjoy more the violence portrayed in the media. Additionally, desensitization to media violence was better represented by a curvilinear pattern, whereas desensitization to comedy scenes was better represented by a linear pattern. Finally, trait aggression was not related to the pattern of change over time, although significant effects were found for initial reports of enjoyment and sympathy. Aggr. Behav. 35:179,187, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] p120 catenin is associated with desmogleins when desmosomes are assembled in high-Ca2+ medium but not when disassembled in low-Ca2+ medium in DJM-1 cellsTHE JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2008Miho KANNO ABSTRACT We recently showed that p120 catenin (p120ctn), which is an armadillo family protein member that binds to E-cadherin (E-cad), is also localized to desmosomes by directly or indirectly binding to desmogleins (Dsg). We examined whether p120ctn is associated with Dsg1 and Dsg3, as compared with E-cad and plakoglobin (PG), in keratinocytes grown in high or low Ca2+, using a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line, DJM-1 cells. The cell lysate of DJM-1 cells grown in high- or low-Ca2+ media was immunoprecipitated with anti-Dsg1/2 and Dsg3 antibodies, and we examined whether p120ctn is associated with Dsg1 and Dsg3. Then, we observed the co-localization between Dsg3 and p120ctn in cells grown in high- or low-Ca2+ medium on double-staining immunofluorescence microscopy using anti-p120ctn and anti-Dsg3 antibodies. Immunoprecipitates with anti-Dsg1/2 and Dsg3 antibodies in cells grown in high-Ca2+ medium contained p120ctn. In contrast, in low-Ca2+ medium, p120ctn was co-immunoprecipitated with neither Dsg1 nor Dsg3, but was co-immunoprecipitated with E-cad in cells grown in both high- and low-Ca2+ media. Dsg3 was associated with PG in cells grown in both low- and high-Ca2+ media. On immunofluorescence microscopy, p120ctn and Dsg3 were independently observed in cells grown in low-Ca2+ medium; p120ctn, but not Dsg3, was observed in a linear pattern at the cell,cell boundary. However, they were co-localized at cell,cell contacts in cells grown in high-Ca2+ medium. Thus, these proteins are not co-localized in low Ca2+ medium. These results suggest that p120ctn plays an important role in Ca2+ -induced desmosome formation. [source] Interactive effects of temperature and diet on the growth and biochemical composition of juveniles of the pearl oyster Pinctada mazatlanicaAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 11 2009Pedro E Saucedo Abstract The combined effects of temperature and diet on the growth and biochemical composition of juveniles of the pearl oyster Pinctada mazatlanica at the hatchery were investigated. Specimens were subjected to a combination of four temperatures (20, 23, 26 and 29 °C) and five microalgal diets (Isochrysis galbana alone, I. galbana+Pavlova salina, I. galbana+Chaetoceros muelleri, C. muelleri+P. salina and I. galbana+P. salina+C. muelleri). An increase in shell height occurred in a linear pattern, while wet weight gain fitted a power law. Temperature, more than diet, exerted a stronger influence on the growth and condition of the specimens. The combination of 29 °C with P. salina+C. muelleri led to the fastest growth in shell height, while the combination of 29 °C with I. galbana+C. muelleri led to the highest wet and dry weight biomass. In contrast, specimens grew significantly less in shell height and wet weight at 20 °C, regardless of the diet. At all temperatures, the monoalgal diet of I. galbana led to the slowest growth of specimens, but in turn favoured the highest levels of protein, carbohydrate and lipid reserves as a possible strategy to store more energy reserves under stressful events. [source] A Japanese case of segmental Darier's disease caused by mosaicism for the ATP2A2 mutationBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2003T. Wada Summary Darier's disease is an autosomal dominant skin disorder that is characterized by multiple keratotic papules, focal loss of adhesion and abnormal keratinization. Mutations in the ATP2A2 gene encoding sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping ATPase type 2 have been identified as the molecular basis of Darier's disease. Segmental Darier's disease is a rare type of Darier's disease in which there is characteristic localization of the keratotic papules in a linear pattern following Blaschko's lines. In this study we examined ATP2A2 mutations in a Japanese patient with segmental Darier's disease. The samples from affected skin, unaffected skin and peripheral leucocytes were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed. Sequence analysis revealed that the patient had 160A,G substitution mutation which predicts I54V. This novel mutation was present in the affected skin, but not in the unaffected skin or peripheral leucocytes. This is the first report of segmental Darier's disease caused by mosaicism for an ATP2A2 mutation in Japan. [source] Keratosis lichenoides chronica in childhoodCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2002P. Redondo Summary Keratosis lichenoides chronica (KLC) is a rare chronic disorder of keratinization characterized by lichenoid hyperkeratotic papules arranged in a linear pattern, erythematosquamous plaques and seborrhea-like dermatitis on the face. We report a 2-year-old girl diagnosed with KLC whose lesions, arranged in symmetrical linear fashion, improved after sunlight exposure during the summer. [source] | ||||||||||