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Light Smoking (light + smoking)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Startle cue,reactivity differentiates between light and heavy smokers

ADDICTION, Issue 10 2009
Anne K. Rehme
ABSTRACT Aims It was assumed that the startle amplitude in smokers is reduced while viewing pictures of smoking, suggesting that smoking cues are appetitive. The goal of the present study was to investigate (i) whether smoking scenes induce appetitive cue effects in smokers, and (ii) whether smoking intensity is related to cue,reactivity. Design Smokers and non-smokers participated in a single session. Participants A total of 62 individuals participated: 36 smokers and 26 non-smokers. Measurements Participants took part in an acoustic affective startle experiment using standardized pleasant, neutral and unpleasant scenes from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS), as well as pictures of smoking. The effect of smoking cues was assessed by comparing neutral and smoking scenes (termed cue-related startle suppression, CSS). Findings While there was no overall difference between smokers and non-smokers regarding the CSS, light smokers showed significantly increased cue,reactivity towards smoking-related cues, as compared with heavy smokers and non-smokers. In addition, light smokers also displayed stronger appetitive responses towards positive stimuli. Conclusions These data support recent theories which discriminate between habit-based and incentive-based drug abuse. This distinction may have consequences for the assessment and treatment of drug-addicted subjects. Furthermore, incentive-based light smoking seems to have general effects on the reward system. [source]

Clinical course of chronic periodontitis: effect of lifelong light smoking (20 years) on loss of attachment and teeth

JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE AND CLINICAL DENTISTRY, Issue 1 2010
Marc Schätzle
Abstract Aim:, To examine the lifelong effect of light smoking on periodontal health. Methods:, The data were derived from a 20-year longitudinal study of a group of Norwegian, middle-class males. The patients were subset according to their smoking history. A total of 119 non-smokers and 17 smokers were examined, 20 years apart. Results:, Current smokers had significantly higher plaque indices than non-smokers after the age of 35 years, while before 35 years, there was no difference. Before 20 years of age, the non-smokers exhibited greater gingival indices, but after the age of 35, the smokers had significantly more sites that bled upon probing. Smokers demonstrated higher mean calculus indices after 35 years and as they approached 50 years of age. At baseline, the two groups showed similar attachment loss (0.14 mm), but with increasing age and approaching 50 years, the attachment loss progressed significantly faster in smokers than in non-smokers (2.31 and 1.57 mm, respectively). Linear regression indicated that ageing and light smoking were independently and significantly related to attachment loss. Conclusions:, Lifelong light smoking could be confirmed as a risk factor for periodontal disease progression. However, in this population, smoking did not significantly increase the risk of tooth loss. [source]