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Liquid Matrix (liquid + matrix)
Selected AbstractsNew N-Heterocyclic Carbene Palladium Complex/Ionic Liquid Matrix Immobilized on Silica: Application as Recoverable Catalyst for the Heck Reaction.CHEMINFORM, Issue 30 2006Babak Karimi Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] Therapeutic Window for Bioactive Nanocomposites Fabricated by Laser Ablation in Polymer-Doped Organic Liquids,ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 5 2010Anne Hahn Abstract Polymeric nanomaterials are gaining increased interest in medical applications due to the sustained release of bioactive agents. Within this study nanomaterials are fabricated using laser ablation of silver and copper in polymer-doped organic liquids thus allowing to produce customized drug release systems. A strategy is shown to determine the therapeutic window for cells relevant for cochlear implant electrodes, defined by the viability of L929 fibroblasts, PC12 neuronal cells, and spiral ganglion cells on different concentrations of silver and copper ions. The distribution of nanoparticles within the silicone polymer matrix is determined using transmission electron microscopy. Hexane doped with 1% silicone resin is found to be an appropriate liquid matrix to fabricate a nanocomposite with a constant ion release rate. Silver ions of 10,µmol L,1 or copper ions of 100,µmol L,1 cause a suppression of tissue growth without inhibiting neuronal cell growth. The copper nanoparticle content of 0.1,wt% of the silicone composite releases ion concentrations which fit the therapeutic window. [source] Transmission Electron Microscopy Microstructure of 0.95(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3,0.05BaTiO3 CeramicsJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 11 2006Hwack Joo Lee Microstructural characterizations using transmission electron microscopy on 0.95(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3,0.05BaTiO3 ceramics sintered at 1030°,1150°C for 2 h were carried out. The liquid phase was found at the triple junction of the grains in all specimens and abnormal grain growth occurred in the presence of the liquid phase. Abnormally grown grains whose shapes were cuboidal were well developed. Anisotropically faceted amorphous liquid phase pockets were observed inside the grain in a specimen sintered at 1060°C for 2 h. The interface between the grain and the liquid matrix was flat and some were identified to be {100} planes of the grains. A certain amount of liquid at the sintering temperature of 1060°C enhanced the abnormal grain growth and contributed to the improvement of the piezoelectric properties. [source] Abnormal Grain Growth in Alumina with Anorthite Liquid and the Effect of MgO AdditionJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 6 2002Chan Woo Park Abnormal grain growth (AGG) in alumina with anorthite liquid has been observed with varying anorthite and MgO contents, at 1620°C. When only anorthite is added to form a liquid matrix, the grain,liquid interfaces have either flat or hill-and-valley shapes indicating atomically flat (singular) structures. The large grains grow at accelerated rates to produce AGG structures with large grains elongated along their basal planes. This is consistent with the slow growth at low driving forces and accelerated growth above a critical driving force predicted by the two-dimensional nucleation theory of surface steps. With increasing temperature, the AGG rate increases. The number density of the abnormally large grains increases with increasing anorthite content. The addition of MgO causes some grain,liquid interfaces to become curved and hence atomically rough. The grains also become nearly equiaxed. With increasing MgO content the number density of the abnormally large grains increases until the grain growth resembles normal growth. This result is qualitatively consistent with the decreasing surface step free energy associated with partial interface roughening transition. [source] Comparison of mass spectra of peptides in different matrices using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and a multi-turn time-of-flight mass spectrometer, MULTUM-IMGRAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 10 2008Hisanao Hazama The mass spectra of peptides obtained with different matrices were compared using a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) ion source and a multi-turn time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer, MULTUM-IMG, which has been developed at Osaka University. Two types of solid matrices, , -cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), and a liquid matrix made from a mixture of 3-aminoquinoline and CHCA were used. When measuring the peak signal intensity of human angiotensin II [M+H]+ from a fixed sample position, the liquid matrix produced a stable signal over 1000 laser shots, while the signal obtained with CHCA and DHB decayed after about 300 and 100 shots, respectively. Significant differences in the mass resolving power were not observed between the spectra obtained with the three matrices. Signal peak areas were measured as a function of the cycle number in a multi-turn ion trajectory, i.e., the total flight time over a millisecond time scale. For both [M+H]+ of human angiotensin II and bovine insulin, the decay of the signal peak area was the most significant with CHCA, while that measured with DHB was the smallest. The results of the mean initial ion velocity measurements suggested that the extent of metastable decomposition of the analyte ions increased in order of DHB, the liquid matrix, and CHCA, which is consistent with the difference in the decay of the signal peak area as the total flight time increased. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||