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Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic (antineutrophil + cytoplasmic)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Terms modified by Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic

  • antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
    		•
  • antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody
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    Selected Abstracts

    Persistent airflow obstruction in asthma of patients with Churg,Strauss syndrome and long-term follow-up

    ALLERGY, Issue 4 2009
    V. Cottin
    Background:, Little is known about the long-term outcome of airflow obstruction in asthma of patients with Churg,Strauss syndrome (CSS). Methods:, We conducted a retrospective study of 24 consecutive patients (aged 41.1 ± 13.5 years) with CSS in a single center. All had asthma (starting 8.1 ± 9.5 years prior to the diagnosis of CSS), blood eosinophilia (6.1 ± 4.4 × 109/l) and systemic manifestations of CSS. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies were found in 7 of 22 tested patients. Seven patients had smoked (a mean of 10 pack-years). All patients received oral corticosteroids, 11 cyclophosphamide and 23 inhaled corticosteroids. Results:, Airflow obstruction was found in 14 patients (70%) at diagnosis, and in 11 of 22 patients (50%) at the time of the clinical remission of CSS. The mean postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC and FEV1 were 69 ± 12% and 74 ± 21% of predicted at diagnosis (n = 20); 71 ± 10% and 92 ± 19% of predicted at the clinical remission (n = 22); and 64 ± 13% and 80 ± 21% at last visit (n = 13), respectively. During follow-up, postbronchodilator FEV1 increased by 30 ± 28% in six patients with FEV1/FVC < 70% despite inhaled therapy who received higher dose of oral corticosteroids. At last visit, 5 of 13 patients (38%) with more than 3 years of follow-up had persistent airflow obstruction as defined by postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 70% and FEV1 < 80% of predicted. Conclusion:, Airflow obstruction due to uncontrolled asthma is present despite corticosteroids in many patients at diagnosis and at clinical remission of CSS, and during follow-up. It may be still partly reversible with increased oral corticosteroid treatment. [source]

    Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis in Taiwanese

    NEPHROLOGY, Issue 5 2004
    PEIR-HAUR HUNG
    SUMMARY: Aims: This retrospective study defined the clinical features and outcome of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis in 18 seropositive Taiwanese patients (11 male, seven female; median age 64 years; range 21,82 years) with biopsy-proven pauci-immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis. Results: Fourteen patients had a diagnosis of systemic vasculitis including 10 with microscopic polyangiitis and four with Wegener's granulomatosis; the remaining four had only glomerulonephritis. At onset, 100% of the systemic vasculitis patients had pulmonary lesions with or without haemoptysis, and 29% presented with seizure in the absence of a defined brain lesion. Median serum creatinine concentration was 362.4 µmol/L (range 61.9,857.5 µmol/L) and dialysis therapy was needed in six patients. During follow up (median 16.5 months; range 2,72 months), treatment included cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids (n = 8) or corticosteroids alone (n = 7). In some patients, treatment improved (n = 4) or stabilized (n = 4) renal function. But chronic dialysis was needed in the other 10 patients. Follow-up death occurred because of sepsis (n = 3) and haemorrhage (n = 2). Patient survival rates were 78% (1 year) and 72% (5 years). Renal survival rates were 56 and 39% at 1 and 5 years, respectively. Of the candidate clinical and pathological parameters, chronic glomerular lesions in renal biopsy were the only determinant of poor renal outcome (P = 0.006). Conclusion: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis should be considered in nephritic patients with extrarenal manifestations, especially pulmonary infiltrate, unexplained seizure, and fever of an unknown origin in Taiwanese patients. Renal biopsy should be performed before initiating immunosuppressive therapy because the most common cause of mortality was sepsis. [source]

    Epidemiology of primary systemic vasculitis in the Australian Capital Territory and south-eastern New South Wales

    INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL, Issue 11 2008
    A. S. Ormerod
    Abstract Background:, The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiology of primary systemic vasculitis in the Australian Capital Territory and the surrounding rural region between 1995 and 2005. Methods:, Cases were ascertained by a medical record search according to international consensus classification criteria. For antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides, ascertainment was corroborated by a search of all positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody serology during the study period. Denominators were obtained from region-specific census data collected during the study period. Prevalence, incidence and patient characteristics for primary systemic vasculitides were determined for two 5-year periods, 1995,1999 and 2000,2004. Results:, We identified 41 cases of primary systemic vasculitides (Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), Churg,Strauss syndrome or polyarteritis nodosa) between 1995 and 1999 and 67 between 2000 and 2004, giving prevalences of 95/million (95% confidence interval (CI) 76.9,116.1) and 148/million (95%CI 125.1,173.9), respectively. Annual incidence was similar in both periods (approximately 17/year per million adult population). Disease-specific incidences (per million per year) for each of the two periods were 8.8 and 8.4 for WG, 2.3 and 5.0 for MPA, 2.3 and 2.2 for Churg,Strauss syndrome and 2.3 and 1.1 for polyarteritis nodosa. The rural incidence of MPA was 13.9 (95%CI 7.7,23.5) compared with 1.6 (95%CI 0.2,7.2) in the city and there was a trend towards a higher incidence of WG in rural than urban areas. Conclusion:, The overall incidence of primary systemic vasculitides is similar to that reported from other developed countries. WG is more common in south-eastern Australia than in southern Europe, whereas MPA is less common. There was a trend towards higher incidence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides in rural than urban areas. [source]

    Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis in Taiwanese

    NEPHROLOGY, Issue 5 2004
    PEIR-HAUR HUNG
    SUMMARY: Aims: This retrospective study defined the clinical features and outcome of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis in 18 seropositive Taiwanese patients (11 male, seven female; median age 64 years; range 21,82 years) with biopsy-proven pauci-immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis. Results: Fourteen patients had a diagnosis of systemic vasculitis including 10 with microscopic polyangiitis and four with Wegener's granulomatosis; the remaining four had only glomerulonephritis. At onset, 100% of the systemic vasculitis patients had pulmonary lesions with or without haemoptysis, and 29% presented with seizure in the absence of a defined brain lesion. Median serum creatinine concentration was 362.4 µmol/L (range 61.9,857.5 µmol/L) and dialysis therapy was needed in six patients. During follow up (median 16.5 months; range 2,72 months), treatment included cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids (n = 8) or corticosteroids alone (n = 7). In some patients, treatment improved (n = 4) or stabilized (n = 4) renal function. But chronic dialysis was needed in the other 10 patients. Follow-up death occurred because of sepsis (n = 3) and haemorrhage (n = 2). Patient survival rates were 78% (1 year) and 72% (5 years). Renal survival rates were 56 and 39% at 1 and 5 years, respectively. Of the candidate clinical and pathological parameters, chronic glomerular lesions in renal biopsy were the only determinant of poor renal outcome (P = 0.006). Conclusion: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis should be considered in nephritic patients with extrarenal manifestations, especially pulmonary infiltrate, unexplained seizure, and fever of an unknown origin in Taiwanese patients. Renal biopsy should be performed before initiating immunosuppressive therapy because the most common cause of mortality was sepsis. [source]

    Pulmonary fibrosis in myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides

    RESPIROLOGY, Issue 2 2004
    Sakae HOMMA
    Objective: The association of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) with myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA)-associated vasculitides has not been well documented. The aim of this study was to assess the clinicopathological characteristics of PF in patients who tested positive for MPO-ANCA. Methodology: In this study, 31 patients (17 males and 14 females; mean age, 69 years) diagnosed as having PF with positive MPO-ANCA levels ranging from 10 to 840 EU with a mean of 112.5 EU, were evaluated clinicopathologically. Results: Among 31 patients with PF, 22 had underlying systemic diseases such as collagen vascular diseases, while nine had unknown aetiology. Evidence of glomerulonephritis was demonstrated in 14 patients. The clinical features were a history of dry cough and/or fine crackles in all 31 patients. Chest CT scans showed honeycombing in the lung bases in 26 patients. The histopathological features of the diseased lung tissues in all 11 autopsied cases were compatible with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern. Vasculitis was confirmed in bronchial arteries and/or pulmonary arterioles in five patients. The mortality was as high as 13 of the 31 patients. The causes of death were: deterioration of PF in five (two of whom were associated with pulmonary haemorrhage), lung cancer in two, pneumonia in four, and digestive tract bleeding in two. The survival rates in PF with MPO-ANCA-negative collagen vascular diseases, cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA), and PF with positive MPO-ANCA, were compared. The 5-year survival rate in PF with positive MPO-ANCA was worse than in PF with MPO-ANCA-negative collagen vascular diseases and was the same for CFA. Conclusion: Although there was no correlation between MPO-ANCA titres and the activity of PF, this study demonstrated that the presence of positive MPO-ANCA was an unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with PF. [source]