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Antigen Velocity (antigen + velocity)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Prediction of extraprostatic extension by prostate specific antigen velocity, endorectal MRI, and biopsy Gleason score in clinically localized prostate cancer

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 6 2008
Koshiro Nishimoto
Objectives: To investigate the clinical value of prostate specific antigen velocity (PSAV) in predicting the extraprostatic extension of clinically localized prostate cancer. Methods: One hundred and three patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer were included in the analysis. The correlation between preoperative parameters, including PSA-based parameters, clinical stage, and histological biopsy findings, and the pathological findings were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify a significant set of independent predictors for the local extent of the disease. Results: Sixty-four (60.2%) patients had organ confined prostate cancer and 39 (39.8%) patients had extraprostatic cancer. The biopsy Gleason score, PSA, PSA density, PSA density of the transition zone, and PSAV were significantly higher in the patients with extraprostatic cancer than in those with organ confined cancer. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the biopsy Gleason score, endorectal magnetic resonance imaging findings, and PSAV were significant predictors of extraprostatic cancer (P < 0.01). Probability curves for extraprostatic cancer were generated using these three preoperative parameters. Conclusions: The combination of PSAV, endorectal magnetic resonance imaging findings, and biopsy Gleason score can provide additional information for selecting appropriate candidates for radical prostatectomy. [source]

Prostate-specific antigen velocity (PSAV): a practical role for PSA?

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 10 2009
Ruban Thanigasalam
Abstract Background:, Prostate cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Australian men. Early detection and treatment are critical to patient outcome, but detection is often difficult because of the limited accuracy of available tests. This paper assesses whether the use of prostate specific antigen kinetics has a practical use in the contemporary urological setting. Methods:, A Medline literature review was performed examining related articles on the commonly available tests for prostate cancer, what they mean, their limited accuracy in cancer detection, and how this accuracy can be improved. Discussion:, Detection of significant organ-confined prostate cancer should be the goal of general practitioners and urologists alike. Prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination are commonly used but lack specificity and sensitivity, especially for small organ-confined cancers. The additional use of prostate-specific antigen velocity may enhance the specificity and sensitivity of detection. [source]

The utility of prostate-specific antigen velocity thresholds in clinical practice: a population-based analysis

BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 12 2008
David Connolly
OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability of prostate-specific antigen velocity (PSAV) to predict prostate cancer, and assess the test characteristics of several PSAV thresholds for identifying prostate cancer and high-grade cancers. PATIENTS AND METHODS From a population-based database of PSA results, men with an initial PSA level of <10.0 ng/mL, taken between I January 1994 and 31 December 2003, were identified. Those with three or more PSA tests before diagnosis, taken over ,18 months, were included. Men were followed for a diagnosis of prostate cancer or histologically confirmed benign disease until 31 December 2003. RESULTS In all, 24 709 men were included, with 716 (2.9%) diagnosed with prostate cancer and 1488 (6.0%) with benign histology. The mean (10.38 vs 0.43 ng/mL/year) and median (1.47 vs 0.03 ng/mL/year) PSAV were considerably higher in men with prostate cancer than in those with no cancer (P < 0.001). There was no PSAV threshold that could reliably identify prostate cancer or high-grade cancers without requiring many men to proceed to prostate biopsy. CONCLUSION In this population, PSAV had additional value over one PSA value in identifying men with prostate cancer. Many men with prostate cancer might have a ,normal' (<0.75 ng/mL/year) PSAV. As with total PSA level, there was no PSAV threshold that could reliably predict prostate cancer, but rather a continuum of risk of cancer associated with PSAV level. [source]