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Left Ventricular Volume (leave + ventricular_volume)
Selected AbstractsLive/Real Time Three-Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Volumes, Ejection Fraction, and Mass Compared with Magnetic Resonance ImagingECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2007Xin Qi M.D. Due to reliance upon geometric assumptions and foreshortening issues, the traditionally utilized transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography (2DTTE) has shown limitations in assessing left ventricular (LV) volume, mass, and function. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown potential in accurately defining these LV characteristics. Recently, the emergence of live/real time three-dimensional (3D) TTE has demonstrated incremental value over 2DTTE and comparable value with MRI in assessing LV parameters. Here we report 58 consecutive patients with diverse cardiac disorders and clinical characteristics, referred for clinical MRI studies, who were evaluated by cardiac MRI and 3DTTE. Our results show good correlation between the two modalities. [source] Elongation Index as a New Index Determining the Severity of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction and Mitral Regurgitation in Patients with Congestive Heart FailureECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 7 2005Mehmet Yokusoglu M.D. The shape of the left ventricle is an important echocardiographic feature of left ventricular dysfunction. Progression of the mitral regurgitation and consequent left ventricular remodeling is unpredictable in heart failure. Elongation index is an index of left ventricular sphericity. The surface area of the elongated ventricle is larger than that of a spherical one. The objective of this study was to assess the relation between elongation index and the degree of mitral regurgitation along with noninvasive indices of left ventricular function. Thirty-two patients (21 male, 11 female, mean age: 57 ± 6 yrs) with congestive heart failure and mitral regurgitation were included. Patients were stratified into three groups according to vena contracta width as having mild (n = 11), moderate (n = 11) and severe mitral regurgitation (n = 10). The elongation index (EI) was considered as equal to {[(left ventricular internal area-measured) , (theoretical area of the sphere with measured left ventricular volume)]/(theoretical area of the sphere with measured left ventricular volume)}. Ejection fractions by the modified Simpson rule, dP/dt and sphericity index (SI) were also recorded. The relationship between (EI), ejection fraction, dP/dt and SI reached modest statistical significance (p < 0.05). When the EI and SI were compared, the correlation was also significant (p < 0.01). The areas under the receiver operator curve of EI and SI for discriminating dP/dt < 1000 mm Hg/s were 0.833 and 0.733, respectively. In conclusion, the elongation, which defines the shape of the left ventricle, might be related to the systolic function of the left ventricle and the degree of the mitral regurgitation. Further studies are needed to demonstrate its use in other clinical entities. [source] Ketamine reduce left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in patients with ischaemic heart diseaseACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 9 2010C.-J. JAKOBSEN Objective: Ketamine may be followed by a general increase in haemodynamics and oxygen consumption, which may be of concern in patients with ischaemic heart disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ketamine on left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function by different modalities of echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging in patients with ischaemic heart disease. Methods and Results: Prospective observational study of 11 patients acting as own control based on echocardiographic imaging before and after bolus ketamine 0.5 mg/kg. Simpson's 2 D-volumetric method was used to quantify left ventricular volume and ejection fraction. General global LV deformation was assessed by Speckle tracking ultrasound, systolic LV longitudinal displacement was assessed by Tissue Tracking score index and the diastolic function was evaluated from changes in early-(E') and atrial (A') peak velocities during diastole. Average heart rate (34%) and blood pressure (35%) increased significantly after ketamine (P<0.0001). Mean tissue tracking score index decreased from 11.2±2.3 to 8.3±2.6 (P=0.005) and Global Speckle tracking 2D strain from 17.7±2.7 to 13.7±3.6 (P=0.0014) indicating a decrease in LV global systolic function. The E'/A' ratio decreased from 1.11±0.43 to 0.81±0.46 (P=0.044) indicating impaired relaxation. Conclusion: Different modalities of echocardiography in combination with tissue Doppler indicate both diminished systolic and diastolic function after ketamine administration in patients with ischaemic heart disease. [source] Increased plasma levels of natriuretic peptide type B and A in children with congenital heart defects with left compared with right ventricular volume overload or pressure overloadCLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL IMAGING, Issue 5 2005Daniel Holmgren Summary Aim:, Natriuretic peptide levels B (BNP) and A (ANP) have been described in children with congenital heart defects (CHD) with pressure and volume overload. However, the impact of ventricular morphology per se on natriuretic peptide levels has not been reported. The aim of the present study was to evaluate plasma BNP and ANP in children with CHD with left or right ventricular volume or pressure overload. Methods and results:, Plasma BNP and ANP were analysed in 61 children, median age 3·1 (0·3,16·2) years. Haemodynamic load was evaluated by echo-Doppler and/or catheterization measurements and classified as: pressure overload of the right (RV pressure) or left (LV pressure) ventricle, or volume overload of the right (RV volume) or left (LV volume) ventricle, of a sufficient degree to indicate surgery/catheter intervention. Twenty-three children, with a median age of 1·1 (0·1,8·3) years, without heart disease, served as controls for the natriuretic peptide measurements. Children in the LV volume group had significantly higher BNP and ANP values, 55·4 ng l,1 (10·7,352) and 164 (31·8,346), than children in the RV volume, 15·6 (0·0,105·1) and 57·2 (11·3,234·1), LV pressure, 6·8 (0·7,170) and 40·8 (12·6,210), and RV pressure, 18·0 (5·0,29·1) and 69·3 (8·7,182), groups respectively (P<0·0001). The values in the LV pressure group were close to the values in the Control group, 4·7 (0·0,17·7) and 32·9 (11·7,212·1), respectively (P = 0·051 and P = 0·378, respectively). Conclusions:, Plasma concentrations of BNP and ANP were higher in children with CHD with left ventricular volume overload compared with right ventricular volume overload or pressure overload. [source] Effect of reduced total blood volume on left ventricular volumes and kinetics in type 2 diabetesACTA PHYSIOLOGICA, Issue 1 2010S. Lalande Abstract Aim:, Although impaired left ventricular (LV) diastolic function is commonly observed in patients with type 2 diabetes, it remains unclear whether the impairment is caused by altered LV relaxation or changes in LV preload. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of LV function and LV loading conditions on stroke volume in men with type 2 diabetes. Methods:, Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed in eight men with type 2 diabetes and 11 non-diabetic men matched for age, weight and physical activity level. Total blood volume was determined with the Evans blue dye dilution technique. Results:, End-diastolic volume (EDV), the ratio of peak early to late mitral inflow velocity (E/A) and stroke volume were lower in men with type 2 diabetes than in non-diabetic individuals. Peak filling rate and peak ejection rate were not different between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals; however, men with type 2 diabetes had proportionally longer systolic duration than non-diabetic individuals. Heart rate was higher and total blood volume was lower in men with type 2 diabetes. The lower total blood volume was correlated with a lower EDV in men with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions:, Men with type 2 diabetes have an altered cardiac cycle and lower end-diastolic and stroke volume. A lower total blood volume and higher heart rate in men with type 2 diabetes suggest that changes in LV preload, independent of changes in LV relaxation or contractility, influence LV diastolic filling and stroke volume in this population. [source] Quantification of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction from gated 99mTc-MIBI SPECT: MRI validation of the exini heart software packageCLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL IMAGING, Issue 2 2009Oliver H. Winz Summary The aim of the study was to validate the accuracy of the exini heart software (exini) package in assessing left ventricular end-diastolic/systolic volumes (EDV, ESV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) from gated 99mTc-MIBI single-photon emission tomography (SPECT). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) was used as reference. Furthermore, effects of perfusion defects and image quality in SPECT on correlation between gated SPECT and magnetic resonance imaging were investigated. Methods:, Seventy patients were examined using gated SPECT (rest study, eight gates per cardiac cycle). EDV, ESV and LVEF were calculated from gated SPECT using exini. Directly before or after SPECT, cMRI (20 gates cardiac per cycle) was performed. EDV, ESV and LVEF were calculated using Simpson's rule. Perfusion defects were quantified using the summed-rest-score (SRS). Total number of myocardial counts were used to rate image quality. Results:, Correlation between results of gated SPECT and cMRI was high for EDV (R = 0·89) and ESV (R = 0·94) and good for LVEF (R = 0·78). ESV (exini 54 ± 31 ml versus cMRI 57 ± 34 ml) and LVEF (exini 62·9 ± 11·7% versus cMRI 60·6 ± 13·9%) did not differ significantly whereas exini overestimated EDV significantly compared with cMRI (exini 144 ± 41 ml versus cMRI 137 ± 36 ml; P<0·005). No correlation was found between absolute differences of the results given by gated SPECT and cMRI and SRS or total myocardial counts (R < 0·18). Conclusion:, End-diastolic volume, ESV and LVEF calculated from gated SPECT using exini agree with cMRI over a wide range of values. Correlation between both the methods was good for EDV and ESV, and acceptable for LVEF. No relevant influence of image quality or SRS on the accuracy of exini results was found. [source] Evaluation of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by automated gated myocardial SPECT versus cardiovascular magnetic resonanceCLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL IMAGING, Issue 3 2005Eva Persson Summary Background:, Electrocardiogram-gated myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-tetrofosmin allows simultaneous evaluation of myocardial perfusion and function. In this study, left ventricular volumes, ejection fraction (LVEF), and left ventricular wall volume (LVWV) derived from gated SPECT were compared with measurements from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), performed within a few hours. Methods:, The study population included 55 patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease, including 13 patients with recent acute myocardial infarction. End-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) volumes, LVEF and LVWV were derived automatically from gated SPECT using commercially available software (QGS). In the CMR studies, manually delineated endocardial and epicardial borders on short-axis slices were used to calculate the volumes. Results:, Gated SPECT underestimated EDV by 35 ± 14 ml (mean ± SD) (P<0·001), ESV by 10 ± 13 ml (P<0·001), and LVEF by 4 ± 7 percentage points (P<0·001). There were no systematic difference in EDV, ESV or LVEF between the methods. SPECT underestimated LVWV by 49 ± 30 ml (P<0·001), with a trend towards increasing underestimation by SPECT for larger wall volumes. Conclusion:, These findings show that gated SPECT slightly underestimates EDV, ESV and LVEF compared with CMR. This underestimation is systematic, however, indicating that ventricular volumes derived from gated SPECT are robust enough to guide clinical management. Estimates of LVWV in patients with large wall volumes are less accurate. 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