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Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs (lateral + cephalometric_radiograph)
Selected AbstractsCraniofacial morphology in patients with hypophosphataemic vitamin-D-resistant rickets: a cephalometric studyJOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 7 2009S. H. AL-JUNDI Summary, Hypophosphataemic vitamin-D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) is a hereditary disease mainly transmitted as an X-linked dominant trait and characterized by certain general clinical signs (Filho HM, de Castro LC, Damiani D. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2006;50:802). In literature, only one study had been published in 1965 on the cephalometric findings in patients with HVDRR (Marks SC, Lindahl RL, Bawden JW. J Dent Child. 1965;32:259). This is the first detailed study on craniofacial characteristics of patients with HVDRR in the dental literature. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HVDRR on the parameters of the craniofacial skeleton of young Jordanian patients using cephalometric analysis. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were made for 22 Jordanian children (aged 2,16 years) diagnosed with HVDRR. The cephalometeric parameters of HVDRR group were compared with those of normal control group matched for gender and chronological age using paired t -test. The HVDRR group had a significant increase in the SNBa angle (P < 0·01); as well as reduced anterior cranial base length (P = 0·01), reduced maxillary length, corpus mandibular length and mandibular height (P = 0·01, 0·04 and 0·008 respectively). The cranial base and gonial angles were significantly increased in diseased individual, but the SNA and ANB angles were significantly reduced (P = 0·018 and 0·000 respectively). The angulation of the lower incisor to mandibular plane was also significantly reduced in the diseased group compared with Jordanian norm (P = 0·004). Patients with HVDRR have deficiency in the anterior cranial base length, ramus height and cranial base angle. Patients with HVDRR also have class III skeletal relationship. [source] Maxillary, mandibular and chin advancement surgery for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoeaAUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, Issue 3 2010R Jones Abstract The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the effectiveness of maxillary, mandibular and chin advancement (MMCA) surgery as a treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea and to determine the cephalometric parameters of this surgery. Twenty consecutive adult patients with obstructive sleep apnoea for whom other treatments (constant positive airway pressure, mandibular advancement splint and soft tissue surgery) had failed underwent MMCA surgery. Pre- and post-surgical polysomnography studies measuring the Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI), minimum blood oxygen saturation (MinSaO2) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were compared. Lateral cephalometric radiographs measuring the pre- and post-surgical posterior airway space (PAS) were also analysed. Regression analysis indicated that the change in PAS at the level of B point largely accounted for the change in the RDI, although it was not significantly related with the postoperative oxygen saturation. MMCA surgery was found to be effective as a treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea, and improved all postoperative measures in this study. There was a significant relationship between B point, the PAS and a reduction in RDI. [source] An Asian community's perspective on facial profile attractivenessCOMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Jen Soh Abstract,,, Objectives:, To assess the facial profile preferences of laypersons in an Asian community and the influence of age, ethnic and gender on profile selection. Methods:, A sample of 149 laypersons (65.1% Chinese, 21.5% Malays and 13.4% Indians), comprising of 112 females (75.2%) participated in the study. The mean age was 24.6 years (SD 4.4). A facial profile photograph and a lateral cephalometric radiograph of a Chinese male and female adult with a normal profile and a class I incisor and skeletal relationship were digitized to create a baseline template. Computerized digital photographic image modification was carried out on the template to obtain seven facial profiles [bimaxillary protrusion, protrusive mandible, retrusive mandible, normal profile (incisor and skeletal class I pattern), retrusive maxilla, protrusive maxilla and bimaxillary retrusion] for each gender. The laypersons were asked to rank the profiles of each gender on a scale of 1 (very attractive) to 7 (least attractive). Results:, Orthognathic Chinese male and female profiles were perceived to be the most attractive. A male orthognathic profile with normative Chinese cephalometric values was perceived to be more attractive than a ,flatter' bimaxillary retrusive profile. Bimaxillary retrusion and normal Chinese female profiles were perceived to be the most attractive. A male or female profile with a protrusive mandible was judged to be the least attractive. Age, gender and ethnicity were nonsignificant predictors for the most attractive female profile. Conclusions:, Orthognathic Chinese male and female profiles were judged to be the most attractive by Asian adult laypersons. Male and female profiles with mandibular protrusion were judged to be the least attractive. [source] Short-term changes in temporomandibular joint function in subjects with cleft lip and palate treated with maxillary distraction osteogenesisORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2008K Hashimoto Structured Abstract Authors,,, Hashimoto K, Otsuka R, Minato A, Sato-Wakabayashi M, Takada J, Inoue-Arai MS, Miyamoto JJ, Ono T, Ohyama K, Moriyama K Objectives,,, To investigate the short-term effects of maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO) on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function in 21 subjects with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Design,,, Morphological changes in the maxillofacial region were measured using lateral cephalometric radiographs taken immediately before (pre-DO) and after DO (post-DO) and 1 year after DO (1-year follow-up). A questionnaire was evaluated using a visual analog scale. A chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of TMJ symptoms between pre-DO and 1-year follow-up. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between changes in cephalometric variables and TMJ symptoms in association with maxillary DO. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results,,, The ANB (anteroposterior relationship of the maxilla with the mandible) angle and the mandibular plane angle at pre-DO, post-DO, and 1-year follow-up were ,4.3°, +5.8°, +4.3° and 32.1°, 33.5°, 33.6°, respectively. The average amounts of anterior and downward movement of the maxilla at post-DO and 1-year follow-up were 8.3, ,1.3 and 0.9, 1.1 mm, respectively. The prevalence of TMJ symptoms showed no significant increase in association with maxillary DO. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between changes in cephalometric variables and TMJ symptoms. Conclusion,,, These results suggest that there was no short-term (i.e., up to 1 year after DO) effect of maxillary DO on TMJ function in subjects with CLP. [source] Effects of maxillary distraction osteogenesis on the upper-airway size and nasal resistance in subjects with cleft lip and palateORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 4 2004M Mochida Structured Abstract Authors , Mochida M, Ono T, Saito K, Tsuiki S, Ohyama K Objectives , To investigate the short- and long-term effects of maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DOG) on the upper-airway size and nasal resistance in nine patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Study design , Changes in the upper-airway size were measured by using lateral cephalometric radiographs taken immediately before and after DOG, and 1 year later. Nasal resistance was measured with a rhinomanometer. An analysis of variance was used to establish statistical significance. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between changes in the cross-sectional area of the upper airway and nasal resistance in association with DOG. Results , Immediately after DOG, the anteroposterior dimension of the superior part of the upper airway was significantly increased (p < 0.01) and nasal resistance was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the total upper airway was significantly increased (p < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the increase in the upper-airway cross-sectional area and the reduction in nasal resistance (p < 0.05). The upper-airway size was significantly augmented (p < 0.05) and nasal resistance was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at 1 year after DOG compared with immediately before DOG. Conclusion , An increase in the upper-airway size and a reduction in nasal resistance occurred after maxillary DOG in patients with CLP, and these changes were stable after 1 year. [source] Craniofacial skeletal deviations following in utero exposure to the anticonvulsant phenytoin: monotherapy and polytherapyORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2003HI Orup Jr Structured Abstract Authors , Orup Jr HI, Holmes LB, Keith DA, Coull BA. Objective , To identify and quantify the craniofacial effects from prenatal exposure to phenytoin monotherapy and polytherapy using cephalometric, hand-wrist, and panoramic radiographs and to determine if such deviations persist with age. Design , Craniofacial structures of 28 anticonvulsant-exposed individuals were evaluated using 20 landmarks in lateral cephalometric radiographs and 19 landmarks in frontal cephalometric radiographs. Skeletal maturity was assessed using hand-wrist radiographs. Dental maturity and the presence of dental anomalies were evaluated using panoramic radiographs. Eleven individuals were re-evaluated 7 years later, on average, to determine the persistence of any measured deviations. Setting and Sample Population , Department of Growth and Development, Harvard School of Dental Medicine and Massachusetts General Hospital. Patients were recruited from several sources. Outcome Measure , The evaluated dimensions included linear, angular, and proportional measures. Results , The most common deviations were decreased height and length of the maxilla, decreased length of the posterior cranial base, length of the mandible, cranial width and level of the cribriform plate, and a decrease in the Wits Appraisal assessment. The deviations were more significant in the polytherapy-exposed individuals than in the monotherapy-exposed individuals. These deviations, especially in the maxilla, persisted with age as revealed in a re-evaluation of 11 individuals. Conclusion , The craniofacial skeletal findings among individuals exposed in utero to phenytoin monotherapy or phenytoin polytherapy, when considered in aggregate, suggest a mild pattern of maxillary hypoplasia that becomes more pronounced with age. [source] | ||||||||||