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LDL-C Levels (ldl-c + level)
Selected AbstractsTreatment of hepatitis C virus with peg-interferon and ribavirin combination therapy significantly affects lipid metabolismHEPATOLOGY RESEARCH, Issue 2 2009Shinichiro Tada Aim:, We investigated lipid metabolism in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV), serotype 1, undergoing combination therapy with PEG-IFN ,-2b (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV). Methods:, A total of 185 patients with chronic HCV (HCV serotype 1; HCV RNA levels , 100 KIU/mL) who received a combination of PEG-IFN and RBV were enrolled. Results:, Sustained virological response (SVR) was obtained in 82 cases (44.3%). The median age, red blood cell and platelet counts differed significantly between the SVR and non-SVR groups before treatment. However there was no significant difference between total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels before treatment. TC and LDL-C levels decreased during the treatment in both groups. In the SVR group, TC and LDL-C levels increased quickly after the end of the treatment and were higher than those before treatment. On the other hand, TC and LDL-C levels returned to pretreatment levels in the non-SVR group and were significantly lower than in the SVR group. TG levels were elevated in both groups after the beginning of treatment. After the end of treatment, this elevation persisted in the SVR group, while TG levels returned to pre-treatment levels in the non-SVR group. There was a significant difference in TG levels at 24 weeks after the end of the treatment between the 2 groups. In the non-SVR group some patients achieved normalization of ALT (alanine aminotransferase) but persistence of normal ALT levels did not contribute to the increase of TC and TG. Conclusion:, TC, LDL-C and TG levels increase only in patients with HCV, serotype 1, undergoing combination therapy when a SVR is achieved. [source] A randomized, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group trial to compare the efficacy and safety profile of daming capsule in patients with hypercholesterolemiaPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 7 2009Ai Jing Abstract To study the efficacy and tolerability of Daming capsule (DMC) in Chinese patients with hyperlipidemia, a randomized, multi-centre, open-label, parallel-group trial was conducted. Sixty enrolled patients with hyperlipidemia allocated to six medical centers were randomly divided into two groups of 30 individuals each. One group received DMC 2 g b.i.d. for 6 weeks, and the other received pravastatin 10 mg o.d. for 6 weeks. For efficacy assessment, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured before and after drug treatment. Serum TC and LDL-C levels in the DMC-treatment group were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment (p < 0.05), while TG and HDL-C levels did not change much. Tolerability was assessed by heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine (Cr), which were not changed in either the DMC or pravastatin groups at 3 and 6 weeks (p > 0.05). Besides, eight patients experienced diarrhea during DMC treatment and two experienced myalgia and epigastric discomfort during pravastatin treatment. Based on the above results, it was concluded that DMC may be a good candidate for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and further clinical trials are warranted. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Efficacy of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Treatment in Men with Erectile Dysfunction and Dyslipidemia: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Vardenafil Statin StudyTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2010Martin M. Miner MD ABSTRACT Introduction., Dyslipidemia occurs often in subjects with erectile dysfunction (ED), but there is little information about how this condition affects ED treatment responses. Aim., To determine whether low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio; or the presence of metabolic syndrome influenced efficacy of vardenafil in men with ED and dyslipidemia. Methods., Post hoc subgroup analysis of a 12-week study of the influence of lipid levels and presence of metabolic syndrome on the efficacy of vardenafil as measured by International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain score, responses to Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) SEP2 and SEP3 questions, duration of erection leading to successful intercourse, and erection duration regardless of the answer to SEP3. Lipid values were obtained at study start, after patients had received at least 3 months of therapy with a statin. Main Outcome Measures., Outcomes in subjects with LDL-C <100, ,100 to <130, or ,130 mg/dL [<2.59, ,2.59 to <3.36, or ,3.36 mmol/L]; TC/HDL-C ratio <3.5 vs. ,3.5, and presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Results., Vardenafil improved all endpoints evaluated compared with placebo in all subgroups, however, nominally significant treatment by subgroup interaction terms did not follow a distinct pattern. Increasing LDL-C (P = 0.033), but not TC/HDL-C ratio or metabolic syndrome, was associated with an increase in treatment response measured by the IIEF-EF domain score. Responses to SEP3 were nominally influenced by LDL-C levels (P = 0.019), but were not significantly influenced by TC/HDL-C ratio, or the metabolic syndrome. Only higher TC/HDL-C ratios (,3.5) were associated with larger treatment differences in duration of erection leading to successful intercourse (P = 0.028). Conclusions., Vardenafil was effective in men with dyslipidemia regardless of LDL-C levels, TC/HDL-C ratio, and/or presence of metabolic syndrome. Despite the known presence of ED and dyslipidemia, other cardiovascular risk factors were apparently not aggressively managed. Miner MM, Barnes A, and Janning S. Efficacy of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor treatment in men with erectile dysfunction and dyslipidemia: A post hoc analysis of the vardenafil statin study. J Sex Med 2010;7:1937,1947. [source] Colesevelam: Potential Uses for the Newest Bile ResinCARDIOVASCULAR THERAPEUTICS, Issue 1 2005Karen L. Steinmetz ABSTRACT Colesevelam is the newest bile resin with a unique chemical structure. It binds to bile acids with higher affinity than traditional bile acid sequestrants and has fewer gastrointestinal side effects and drug interactions. Colesevelam is safe and efficacious alone or in combination with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Despite this, the role of colesevelam in the treatment of hyperlipidemia remains limited, particularly in the face of new lipid lowering agents. As guidelines for cholesterol control become more stringent, the need to maximize therapeutic benefit through combination therapy will become increasingly more important. Colesevelam has a dose-sparing effect on statin therapy, potentially decreasing the risk of unwanted side effects or drug-drug interactions associated with statin use. This makes colesevelam a viable option for addition to a statin regimen when goal LDL-C levels cannot be achieved with a statin alone. Additionally, anecdotal reports indicate that colesevelam may have potential benefits in certain patient populations that cannot tolerate other lipid lowering therapies, including organ transplant recipients, cholestatic liver disesase, and end-stage renal disease. By recognizing the potential utility of colesevelam, clinicians can better manage those patients who are not able to tolerate first-line therapies. [source] GREEN TEA EXTRACT IMPEDES DYSLIPIDAEMIA AND DEVELOPMENT OF CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-DIABETIC RATSCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 12 2006PV Anandh Babu SUMMARY 1The efficacy of green tea extract (GTE) on serum and cardiac lipids was investigated in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. 2Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg bodyweight). Six weeks after the induction of diabetes, GTE was administered orally for 4 weeks (300 mg/kg bodyweight daily). Bodyweight, heart weight, heart weight : bodyweight ratio, blood glucose, serum and cardiac lipids were determined in experimental rats. 3In diabetic rats, there was a significant decrease in bodyweight with an increase in heart weight : bodyweight ratio and blood glucose. Diabetic rats had significantly increased serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids and low-density lipoprotein,cholesterol (LDL-C) and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein,cholesterol (HDL-C). In the hearts of diabetic rats, there was a significant increase in cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids levels, with an increase in lipoprotein lipase activity. 4The administration of GTE to diabetic rats resulted in significant recovery in bodyweight, heart weight : bodyweight ratio and blood glucose levels. The administration of GTE reduced cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid and LDL-C levels, and increased HDL-C levels, in the serum of diabetic rats. In addition, GTE decreased cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acids levels and lipoprotein lipase activity in the myocardium of diabetic rats. These beneficial effects of GTE are ascribed to its antihyperglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activity. In conclusion, green tea can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetes with a significant improvement in lipid metabolism. [source] Comparison of high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol subclasses and sizes in asian indian women with caucasian women from the framingham offspring studyCLINICAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 5 2005Narendra C. Bhalodkar M.D. Abstract Background: Asian Indian women have a higher rate of coronary artery disease (CAD) than do other ethnic groups, despite similar conventional risk factors and lipid profiles. Smaller high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) particle size is associated with reduced cardiac protection or even an increased risk of CAD. Exceptional longevity correlates better with larger HDL-C particle sizes. Hypothesis: Higherrates of CAD among Asian Indian women may partly be explained by the differenes in the prevalence of atherogenic HDL-C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) sizes and their subclass concentrations among Asian Indian women compared with Caucasian women. Methods: We measured HDL-C concentrations and sizes by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 119 relatively healthy Asian Indian women and compared them with those of 1,752 Caucasian women from the Framingham Off spring Study (FOS). Results: Asian Indian women were significantly younger (47.9 ± 11.2 vs.51.0 ± 10.1 years, p = 0.0001), leaner (body mass index 24.0 ± 4.7 vs. 26.0 ± 5.6, p = <0.0002), less likely to be postmenopausal (32 vs. 54%, p =< 0.0001), or smoke (< 1 vs. 20%, p = < 0.0001);nevertheless, prevalence of CAD was higher in Asian Indian women (4.2 vs. 1%, p = 0.0006). Asian Indian women had similar HDL-C (53 ±13 vs. 53 ± 13 mg/dl, p = 0.99), smaller HDL-C particle size (8.9 ± 0.35 vs. 9.4 ± 0.44 nm, p = < 0.0001), highertotal cholesterol (209 ± 40 vs. 199 ± 42 mg/dl, p = 0.01), and similar triglyceride (120 ± 77 vs. 108 ± 110 mg /d, p = 0.24) levels. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, particle concentrations and sizes, as well as prevalence of pattern B were similar. Conclusions: Compared with the FOS, Asian Indian women have significantly smaller overall HDL particle size and similar levels of HDL-C, which may reflect impaired, reverse cholesterol transport. Total cholesterol was higher, whereas triglyceride and LDL-C levels were similar. This may partly explain the higher CAD rates in Asian Indian women. Further large scale, prospective, long-term studies are warranted. [source] Risks and benefits of continued aggressive statin therapyCLINICAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue S3 2003Antonio M. Gotto Jr. M.D., D.PHIL Abstract The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, or statins, are a well-tolerated, effective class of medications for the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol levels. Extensive data from clinical trials demonstrate that these agents reduce fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular risk in primary and secondary prevention patients, including women and the elderly. A threshold value for LDL-C reduction below which there is no further clinical benefit has not yet been identified. In the Heart Protection Study (HPS), significant relative risk reduction occurred even among patients with LDL-C levels < 2.6 mmol/l (100 mg/dl). Statin therapy also produced reductions in cardiovascular disease in a wide range of high-risk patients regardless of baseline cholesterol levels. Rhabdomyolysis, typically defined as muscle pain or weakness associated with creatine kinase levels higher than 10 times the upper limit of normal and the presence of myoglobulinuria, is a rare but potentially serious complication of statins. Although dose-dependent transaminase elevations occur in 0.5 to 2% of cases, it has not been determined whether these elevations qualify as true drug-related hepatotoxicity. Management of myopathy and elevated transaminases is addressed in a joint publication from the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Because statins have significant potential benefits and a low risk for serious adverse effects, aggressive therapy should be considered in patients at high risk for coronary heart disease. [source] Lipid profiles in untreated severe congenital isolated growth hormone deficiency through the lifespanCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 1 2002Helena K. Gleeson Summary objective Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is associated with adverse changes in lipid profile. However, changes in lipids through life in a homogeneous group of GHD subjects have not been defined. patients and measurements We examined lipid levels in a group of untreated severely GHD patients with a mutation in the GHRH receptor gene from a rural community in North-east Brazil. Lipid profiles in 15 GHD subjects [eight children and adolescents (one male), age (median [range]) 13·2 (5·4,19·9) years; seven adults (one male), age 47 (33,66) years] were compared with those in 29 indigenous controls from the same extended kindred [17 children and adolescents (six male), age 10·2 (5·3,18·4) years; 12 adults (eight male), age 54·5 (33,80) years]. All GHD subjects had a peak GH response of < 0·5 ng/ml in response to an insulin tolerance test and extremely reduced IGF-1 levels (median 5·5 ng/ml). Data were compared between cohorts and with an age- and sex-matched white American reference population. results Abnormalities were confined to plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. More GHD children had levels of plasma TC and LDL-C above the 95th percentile for our reference population (3/8 and 4/7, respectively) compared to controls (0/17 and 1/15, respectively) (P < 0·05). In the adults, median TC and LDL-C levels were higher in the GHD than controls (P < 0·05) (6·3 vs. 4·1 mmol/l; 4·4 vs. 2·7 mmol/l, respectively). Median Z -scores, calculated using values from the reference population, were not different between GHD children and adults for both TC (+0·8 vs.+0·4) and LDL-C (+1·4 vs.+0·7). conclusions The lipid profile in children as well as in adults with very severe GHD is adversely modified. There would appear to be no significant worsening of the lipid abnormality with duration of GHD or achievement of adulthood. [source] Lipids and lipoprotein(a) concentrations in Pakistani patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusDIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, Issue 5 2004S. S. Habib Aim:, The aim of the present study was to analyze serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels in Pakistani patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and to find correlations between clinical characteristics and dyslipidaemias in these patients. Methods:, Fasting blood samples were analyzed for Lp(a), total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in 68 Pakistani patients with type 2 DM and 40 non-diabetic healthy control subjects. Results:, Lp(a) levels were significantly raised in diabetics as compared to the control group. No correlation of Lp(a) was seen with age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and fasting glucose. There was a positive correlation of BMI to SBP and DBP. There was a significant positive correlation between Lp(a) and total cholesterol and LDL-c. No correlation of Lp(a) was observed with HDL-c, triglycerides and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Conclusion:, The present study led us to conclude that serum Lp(a) levels are significantly raised in type 2 DM and have a positive correlation with serum total and LDL-c levels. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||