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Kilogram Body Weight (kilogram + body_weight)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Relationship between weight, levodopa and dyskinesia: the significance of levodopa dose per kilogram body weight

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 5 2008
J. C. Sharma
Purpose:, Levodopa dose per kilogram body weight is reported to be a significant factor for dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease. We have investigated this hypothesis in data from the studies comparing ropinirole versus levodopa as the initial therapy. Methods:, Data from the ropinirole versus levodopa studies 056 and REAL-PET in early Parkinson's disease were pooled and manipulated to calculate levodopa dose per kilogram body weight. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate significant variables for the development of dyskinesia. Only the patients on levodopa monotherapy or with ropinirole were analyzed. Results:, Analysis of levodopa therapy patients revealed that dyskinetic patients had received significantly higher absolute levodopa dose and levodopa dose per kilogram body weight. Logistic regression revealed that the most significant factor was the higher levodopa dose per kilogram body weight, P = 0.005, odds ratio 1.078, 95% CI 1.023,1.135; younger age was the second factor ,P = 0.026. Variables of gender, absolute levodopa dose, weight, disease duration and initial motor Unified Parkinson's disease rating score were not significant. Conclusion:, Higher levodopa dose per kilogram body weight is an independently significant factor for developing dyskinesia. This relationship should be considered in treatment of Parkinson's disease patients aiming to prevent and manage dyskinesia. [source]

Evidence that plasma concentration rather than dose per kilogram body weight predicts ribavirin-induced anaemia

JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS, Issue 1 2004
K. Lindahl
Summary., Ribavirin in combination with interferon alpha-2 or pegylated interferon is the standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C. The current dosage recommendations for ribavirin are based on body weight (bw). Ribavirin is mainly eliminated by the kidneys and we have recently shown that ribavirin plasma concentrations are determined primarily by renal function. It is therefore reasonable to hypothesize that side-effects of ribavirin, i.e. anaemia, should be more closely related to plasma concentrations of ribavirin than to the dose per kg bw. A total of 108 consecutive patients eligible for treatment of chronic hepatitis C were studied. Ribavirin concentrations in plasma were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV after solid-phase extraction in trough samples taken 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the treatment commenced. A total of 213 samples were obtained and the change in the haemoglobin level and the creatinine concentration was measured in addition to ribavirin. The dose of ribavirin per kg bw did not correlate with the drop in haemoglobin level induced by ribavirin. The concentration of ribavirin was non-linearly related to the drop in the haemoglobin level as revealed by fitting a standard Hill equation type dose,response curve. The half maximal drop in haemoglobin was obtained at 4.4 ,m. The results from this study suggest that the anaemia induced by ribavirin depends primarily on the concentration of ribavirin, and not on the dose per kg bw. This lends further support to the idea that ribavirin should be dosed according to renal function. [source]

Protein requirement for maintenance and maximum growth of two-banded seabream (Diplodus vulgaris) juveniles

AQUACULTURE NUTRITION, Issue 1 2009
R.O.A. OZÓRIO
Abstract The effects of various dietary protein levels on growth performance, whole body composition and nutrient utilization were studied in two-banded sea bream (Diplodus vulgaris), a candidate species for aquaculture. Fish (initial weight 6.1 g) were fed to satiety six iso-energetic diets, containing 5%, 12.5%, 25%, 35%, 45% or 55% of crude protein during 72 days. Fish fed 35% and 45% protein attained better growth and feed utilization than the other groups (P < 0.05). Daily growth index and feed conversion ratio were the poorest for fish fed 5% and 12.5% protein (P < 0.001), while the 25% and 55% protein groups had intermediate performance. Lipid retention increased significantly from 13.7% to 30.1% (P < 0.0001) and protein retention decreased from 35.5% to 21.3% (P < 0.01) with increasing protein levels from 12.5% to 45%. Muscle protein, lipid and energy concentrations were not significantly affected by dietary protein level. The estimated protein requirement for maintenance and maximum growth of two-banded seabream growing from 6 to 20 g were 7.5% and 35.7%, respectively. Protein requirements as calculated from body protein gain were 2.3 and 6.5 g of protein intake per kilogram body weight per day. [source]