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killer/T-cell Lymphoma (killer + lymphoma)
Kinds of killer/T-cell Lymphoma Selected AbstractsDo cytogenetic abnormalities precede morphologic abnormalities in a developing malignant condition?EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2007Jill K. Northup Abstract Cytogenetic evaluation of bone marrow and neoplastic tissues plays a critical role in determining patient management and prognosis. Here, we highlight two cases in which the cytogenetic studies challenge the common practice of using hematologic and morphologic changes as key factors in malignant disease management. The first case is that of a lymph node sample from a 40-yr-old non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patient sent for determination of disease progress. Hematologic studies showed no evidence of transformation to high-grade NHL (>15% blasts with rare mitotic figures). Cytogenetic studies of lymph node showed multiple clonal abnormalities, most notably a der(18) from a t(14;18) which is associated with high-grade NHL. After two cycles of chemotherapy with fludarabine, the patient did not show any clinical response, suggesting possible progression to high-grade lymphoma. The second case is of a patient with a history of human immunodeficiency virus and blastic natural killer leukemia/lymphoma. Hematologic studies of ascitic fluid classified the patient as having pleural effusion lymphoma whereas bone marrow analysis showed no malignancy. Bone marrow cytogenetic studies showed multiple clonal abnormalities including a t(8;14), which is commonly associated with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL). To our knowledge, this is the first case wherein a morphologically normal bone marrow showed presence of clonal abnormalities consistent with BL or Pleural effusion lymphoma. After two cycles of CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) chemotherapy, the patient's general condition and ascitis improved and she was discharged. These studies clearly demonstrate that genetic changes often precede morphologic changes in a developing malignant condition. Therefore, the critical information needed for care of patients with malignant disorders may be incomplete or inaccurate if cytogenetic evaluation is overlooked. [source] Nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: report of three casesJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 4 2009L Martínez-Casimiro [source] Comparative analysis of NK/T-cell lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma in Korea: Clinicopathological correlations and analysis of EBV strain type and 30-bp deletion variant LMP1PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 11 2003Ji Eun Kim Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) and peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are prevalent in the Asian population and exhibit a high association with the Epstein,Barr virus (EBV). Moreover, differentiation of these two groups is often difficult and problematic. We investigated 35 cases of NKTL (22 nasal cases and 13 extranasal cases) and 30 cases of PTCL in terms of their clinical features, immunohistology, EBV positivity, EBV strain-type polymorphism and latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) deletion variant distribution. Eighteen cases (82%) of nasal NKTL and seven (54%) of extranasal NKTL showed EBV positivity by EBV in situ hybridization. Fifteen cases (50%) of PTCL revealed EBV positivity. EBV strain type A was predominant in NKTL (18:5), and EBV strain types A and B were distributed evenly in PTCL (6:6). EBV-positive patients had significantly shorter survival than EBV-negative patients (P < 0.05), and EBV positivity correlated with advanced clinical stage (P < 0.05). Patients harboring type A EBV showed slightly poorer prognoses than those having type B, though it was not obviously statistically different (P = 0.07). The LMP1 deletion variant was prevalent in both NKTL (three wild-type LMP1, 15 deletion variants) and PTCL (three wild-type LMP1, eight deletion variants, two coexistent forms) patients, but did not have prognostic impact. Our results indicate that EBV acts as a negative prognostic factor in NKTL and PTCL, and that the intrinsic properties of a specific viral strain might influence the clinical behavior of these diseases. [source] Epstein,Barr virus involvement in the pathogenesis of hydroa vacciniforme: an assessment of seven adult patients with long-term follow-upBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2010L. Verneuil Summary Background, Hydroa vacciniforme (HV) is a chronic papulovesicular photodermatosis of childhood, with some cases persisting through adulthood. In children, the Epstein,Barr virus (EBV) has been detected in typical HV and in HV evolving into natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. No exploration of EBV infection has been performed in adult patients with HV with long-term follow-up. Objectives, To assess EBV infection systematically in blood and in experimentally photoinduced lesions in adult patients with HV. Methods, Repeated tests for EBV DNA blood load using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serological EBV tests were performed in seven adult patients with long-term follow-up. Skin samples from phototest-induced lesions and surrounding normal skin were studied using PCR, in situ hybridization and electron microscopy. ZEBRA protein was detected using immunostaining. Thirty-five patients with other photosensitive disorders were included as controls. Results, The EBV DNA blood load was strongly positive in the seven patients with HV and negative in 34 of 35 of the patients with other photosensitive disorders (P < 0·001). The levels were higher in photosensitive patients with HV than in patients with HV in clinical remission. Ultrastructurally, viral particles were detected in lymphocytes and also in keratinocytes in three experimentally phototest-induced lesions; they were not found in the surrounding normal skin. ZEBRA protein was also detected in phototest-induced lesions, but not in the surrounding normal skin. Conclusion, EBV is involved in HV pathogenesis and persists in adult patients with HV. A positive EBV DNA load, specific to HV in the spectrum of photosensitive disorders, might be a useful biomarker in HV. [source] A 2·6 Mb interval on chromosome 6q25.2,q25.3 is commonly deleted in human nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphomaBRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2003H. Sunny Sun Summary. Natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma is a special subtype of rare malignant lymphoma that is more prevalent in Asia than in America and Europe. This newly characterized haemato-lymphoid malignancy is highly aggressive and frequently present in nasal and upper aerodigestive sites. Several studies have reported the commonly deleted region of chromosome 6q21,25 in this particular type of lymphoma. To refine the smallest region of overlapping (SRO) deletion for localization of potential tumour suppressor (TS) genes, we performed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and homozygosity mapping of deletion (HOMOD) analyses on 37 nasal and nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma patients using a panel of 25 microsatellite markers, covering the 6q21,q25 region. In all patients studied, LOH was detected in eight (89%) paired-sample patients, while hemizygous deletion was detected in three (11%) single-sample patients. Combination of the LOH and HOMOD results defined a distinct 3 Mb SRO on chromosome 6q25. Quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction analysis of 10 sequence-tagged sites further refined the putative TS-gene-containing region to a 2·6 Mb interval between TIAM2 and SNX9. Eighteen known genes/Unigene clusters and 25 hypothetical genes are located within this 2·6 Mb region, but none are previously identified TS genes. These results provide a framework for future positional cloning of novel TS gene(s) at 6q25.2,q25.3. [source] Pathogenesis and mechanism of disease progression from hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis to Epstein,Barr virus-associated T-cell lymphoma: Nuclear factor-,B pathway as a potential therapeutic targetCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 9 2007Huai-Chia Chuang Epstein,Barr virus (EBV) can infect T lymphocytes and manifests as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a distinct entity of hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, hypercytokinemia, and systemic macrophage activation with hemophagocytosis. In a substantial percentage of HLH patients, the disease may relapse or progress to T-cell lymphoma in months to years. In the present review, the authors summarize the previous studies on the pathogenesis of HLH and the potential mechanism for the progression of disease from HLH to T-cell lymphoma. The infection of T cells by EBV could activate T cells to secrete proinflammatory cytokines, particularly tumor necrosis factor-, (TNF-,), which subsequently activate macrophages. EBV latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) is the viral product responsible for the activation of the TNF receptor (TNFR) associated factors/nuclear factor-,B (NF-,B)/ERK pathway to enhance cytokine secretion mediated through the suppression of the SAP/SH2D1A gene. The activation of NF-,B will confer resistance to TNF-,-induced apoptosis on EBV-infected T cells through the down-regulation of TNFR-1. Consistent with in vitro observations, EBV-associated T or natural killer/T-cell lymphoma showed constitutive activation of NF-,B, explaining its drug resistance, hypercytokinemia, and poor prognosis. Therefore, similar to other inflammation-associated cancers, HLH provides a unique model to study the mechanism of disease progression from a benign virus-infected disorder (HLH) to T-cell lymphoma. Inhibition of the NF-,B signal pathway should provide a potential target for the treatment of HLH and EBV-associated T-cell lymphoma. (Cancer Sci 2007; 98: 1281,1287) [source] Delirium in a patient with natural killer/T-cell lymphoma without overt central nervous system involvementACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA, Issue 2 2009Tih-Shih Lee No abstract is available for this article. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||