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Japanese Adolescents (japanese + adolescent)
Selected AbstractsPsychotic-like experiences are associated with suicidal feelings and deliberate self-harm behaviors in adolescents aged 12,15 yearsACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 4 2010A. Nishida Nishida A, Sasaki T, Nishimura Y, Tanii H, Hara N, Inoue K, Yamada T, Takami T, Shimodera S, Itokawa M, Asukai N, Okazaki Y. Psychotic-like experiences are associated with suicidal feelings and deliberate self-harm behaviors in adolescents aged 12,15 years. Objective:, Psychotic disorders are a significant risk factor for suicide, especially among young people. Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in the general population may share an etiological background with psychotic disorders. Therefore, the present study examined the association between PLEs and risk of suicide in a community sample of adolescents. Method:, Psychotic-like experiences, suicidal feelings, and self-harm behaviors were studied using a self-report questionnaire administered to 5073 Japanese adolescents. Depression and anxiety were evaluated using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Results:, The presence of PLEs was significantly associated with suicidal feelings (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 2.2,4.5) and deliberate self-harm behaviors (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 2.0,4.8) after controlling for the effects of age, gender, GHQ-12 score, victimization, and substance use. Suicidal feelings and behaviors were more prevalent in subjects with a greater number of PLEs. Conclusion:, Psychotic-like experiences may increase the risk of suicidal problems among adolescents. [source] Decrease in the Prevalence of Adolescent Alcohol Use and its Possible Causes in Japan: Periodical Nationwide Cross-Sectional SurveysALCOHOLISM, Issue 2 2009Yoneatsu Osaki Background:, Trends in alcohol drinking prevalence were assessed among Japanese adolescents, and possible reasons for a decrease in drinking prevalence observed in 2004. Methods:, Cross-sectional nationwide surveys were conducted periodically. High schools were randomly sampled from throughout Japan in 1996, 2000, and 2004. All enrolled students in sampled schools were subjects of the surveys. Self-reporting anonymous questionnaires were collected from 115,814 students in 1996, 106,297 in 2000, and 102,451 in 2004. Questions about drinking prevalence of students and family members, proportion of students who have no friends, and sources of alcohol were included. Students who drunk at least one day of the 30 days preceding the survey were defined as the current drinkers. Results:, The drinking prevalence in 2004 was decreased in comparison to that in 1996 and 2000 in both sexes and in all school grades. The current drinking rate (monthly drinker) among junior high school boys was 29.4% in 1996, 29.0% in 2000, and 20.5% in 2004, while that among senior high school boys was 49.7%, 48.7%, and 36.2%, respectively. The respective prevalence among junior and senior girls was 24.0%, 25.5%, and 20.0% and 40.8%, 42.1%, and 34.1%. The prevalent sources of alcohol beverages were searching in home, stores (convenience store, supermarket, or gas-stand), liquor shops, and bars. An analysis of the reasons for this decrease identified a decrease in drinking prevalence in students' families, especially by fathers and older brothers, and an increase in the proportion of students who had no friends. Conclusions:, A decrease in drinking prevalence of male family members and a limitation of sources of alcoholic beverages may contribute to the decrease in adolescent drinking prevalence. [source] Extracorporeal leukocyte removal therapy for patients with ulcerative colitisPEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2007MASAMI KUMAGAI Abstract Background: The purpose of the present paper was to investigate efficacy of leukocytapheresis (LCAP) or granulocytapheresis (GCAP) in pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), including reduction of the total dose and side-effects of corticosteroids. Methods: Courses of five Japanese adolescents with UC were analyzed. Four patients had recurrent UC with repeated remissions and exacerbations despite therapy including 5-aminosalicylic acid in combination with a corticosteroid. The other patient had a first attack. Effectiveness of adding LCAP or GCAP was assessed with regard to short-term changes in clinical activity, complications, and longer-term outcome. Results: Clinical improvement was attained in three patients, while the other two did not improve and underwent colectomy. One of the two patients had moderately severe complications from LCAP and showed increased clinical activity during LCAP. The other, who began therapy with LCAP alone, had moderate improvement only after addition of a corticosteroid. Conclusion: Additional studies are needed to determine optimum timing of LCAP or GCAP and initiation of remission-maintenance therapy. [source] Prevalences of lifetime histories of self-cutting and suicidal ideation in Japanese adolescents: Differences by agePSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 3 2008Toshihiko Matsumoto md We examined differences in the prevalence of a lifetime history of self-cutting and suicidal ideation by age among junior and senior high-school students. Histories of self-cutting and suicidal ideation were reported by 9.9% and 40.4% of the students. Among early teens, females were more likely to report suicidal ideation than males, and among late teens, females were more likely than males to report self-cutting. [source] | ||||||||||