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Irritant Dermatitis (irritant + dermatitis)
Selected AbstractsMoisturizer effect on Irritant Dermatitis: an overviewCONTACT DERMATITIS, Issue 2 2006Miki Yokota Moisturizers are empirically used as prevention and treatment of surfactant and irritant dermatitis. Some products state they not only improve barrier function by providing moisturization but also create an environment optimal for healing. Yet, moisturizer clinical efficacy remains a topic of controversy. We reviewed publication from 1992 to 2006 that quantitatively examines moisturizer effectiveness, as an update of our prior overview, Zhai and Maibach in 1998 (2). We intuitively (in a testimonial sense) believe that moisturizers are sometimes effective for preventing and treating irritant dermatitis. However, moisturizer may not be broadly effective (8, 12) and may be relatively specific against certain acids, bases, hydrophilics, and lipophilics. We need to develop principles of what is formulated in moisturizers to improve efficacy; for this purpose, there is a need for experimental moisturizer models for comparative studies. [source] Irritant dermatitis due to prolonged contact with Oilatum Plus®BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2003W.J. Loo No abstract is available for this article. [source] Moisturizer effect on Irritant Dermatitis: an overviewCONTACT DERMATITIS, Issue 2 2006Miki Yokota Moisturizers are empirically used as prevention and treatment of surfactant and irritant dermatitis. Some products state they not only improve barrier function by providing moisturization but also create an environment optimal for healing. Yet, moisturizer clinical efficacy remains a topic of controversy. We reviewed publication from 1992 to 2006 that quantitatively examines moisturizer effectiveness, as an update of our prior overview, Zhai and Maibach in 1998 (2). We intuitively (in a testimonial sense) believe that moisturizers are sometimes effective for preventing and treating irritant dermatitis. However, moisturizer may not be broadly effective (8, 12) and may be relatively specific against certain acids, bases, hydrophilics, and lipophilics. We need to develop principles of what is formulated in moisturizers to improve efficacy; for this purpose, there is a need for experimental moisturizer models for comparative studies. [source] Paederus dermatitis in Egypt: a clinicopathological and ultrastructural studyJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 10 2010M Assaf Abstract Background, Outbreaks of paederus dermatitis (PD) have been observed in different parts of the world, yet the histopathological and ultrastructural changes and their relationship to pederin toxin have not been described. Objective, To describe the clinical presentations of PD in Egypt and to study the effects of pederin toxin on the skin by evaluating the histopathological and ultrastructural changes of some representative cases. Methods, One hundred and thirteen patients with PD were studied clinically and epidemiologically. Skin biopsies were taken from 40 patients for histopathological examination and from 20 patients for electron microscopic (EM) examination. Results, Clinically, the most common presentation comprised erythematous plaques with micropustules. Blisters exhibited a linear configuration in 40% of the patients and kissing lesions were observed in 13%. Multiple lesions occurred in 78% of the patients and the face was the most commonly involved site (48%). The insect was identified as Paederus alfierii. Histopathological examination revealed features of acute irritant dermatitis in the upper epidermis. Mitotic figures and apoptotic changes such as chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation were identified in the basal and suprabasal layers. These features were confirmed by EM. Conclusions, Clinical, histopathological and, for the first time, ultrastructural characteristics of paederus dermatitis are described. The pathological abnormalities of the upper epidermis are caused by the irritant effect of pederin toxin. The presence of apoptosis within the lower epidermis can be related to this toxin, a point that needs further research, hoping for its future implications in the management of hyperproliferative disorders. [source] Skin cleansing in childrenJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 2001C Gelmetti Abstract The problems of skin cleansing in infants have been re-evaluated in recent years on the basis of current understanding of cosmetology and skin physiology. The anatomical and functional peculiarities of infant's skin have been elucidated and, although it is known that the barrier function is established at birth in normal babies, it remains the case that children's skin is more delicate and therefore more prone to irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. These factors determine the choice of cleansing agents during infancy. The products available on the market differ markedly. Indeed detergents, bath oils, bath powders, due to their distinctive properties, have different indications and different benefits. The method of cleansing the skin, i.e. bathing or showering, is also important. The frequency of cleansing should take into account the age and the degree of exposure to pollutants. For special purposes, e.g. impetiginized dermatoses, antiseptics such as potassium permanganate or chlorhexidine can be added to the water in appropriate concentrations. The ideal paediatric detergent should be very mild to avoid irritant dermatitis, and very simple to avoid allergic dermatitis. [source] Vulvar Disease in Children: A Clinical Audit of 130 CasesPEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2000Gayle Fischer M.D. Of the patients, 41 (33%) had atopic or irritant dermatitis, 23 (18%) had lichen sclerosus, 21 (17%) had psoriasis, 15 (12%) had vulvar lesions, most often hemangiomas and nevi, and 13 (10%) had streptococcal vulvovaginitis. Diagnoses less frequently seen were staphylococcal folliculitis (four patients), labial fusion (three patients), genital warts (two patients), molluscum contagiosum of the vulva only (one patient), vulvar bullous pemphigoid (two patients), scabies nodules (one patient), erythema annulare centrifugum (one patient), tinea (two patients), and vitiligo (one patient). We also encountered vulvar presentations of systemic diseases (varicella, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, and Henoch,Schönlein purpura, all one patient each). We did not see candidal vulvovaginitis in this age group nor did we encounter bacterial infection with pathogens other than Staphylococcus aureus and S. pyogenes. [source] Severe contact dermatitis as a result of an antiseptic bath oilAUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2004Emma Storer SUMMARY Siblings aged 7 and 5 years developed extensive truncal and flexural inflammation and desquamation unresponsive to standard eczema therapy. After delays in diagnosis, subsequent history revealed prior use of an antiseptic bath oil in a much stronger concentration than recommended. The case illustrates the severe irritant contact dermatitis that can arise following inadequate dilution of antiseptic bath oils, presumably as a result of skin contact with benzalkonium chloride and triclosan. Features that may direct attention to such irritant dermatitis are flexural predominance with superficial desquamation and rapid improvement after avoidance of exposure to the antiseptic solution. [source] The oak processionary caterpillar as the cause of an epidemic airborne disease: survey and analysisBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2003H. Maier Summary Background Thaumetopoea processionea L. (order Lepidoptera), the oak processionary moth, is found in oak forests in most European countries. Its third to sixth larval instars are armed with poisonous hairs (setae) containing an urticating toxin (thaumetopoein) potentially harmful to humans. Because T. processionea infests trees at the edges of forests or standing alone people frequently come into contact with its setae. In the woodland bordering on the western suburbs of Vienna conditions favouring its increase have led to frequent outbreaks of lepidopterism. Objectives To determine the incidence of lepidopterism in a suburban environment with three separate caterpillar-infested oak trees and to ascertain the frequency of the various symptoms of lepidopterism and the manner of contact with setae. Methods We conducted a telephone survey of all the households/institutions located within 500 m of the infested trees. To gain more information on patients' symptoms and on situations likely to lead to increased contact with setae we asked those who reported cutaneous reactions to complete a questionnaire. As part of the environmental study we described the outbreak site, examined patients and, with tape-strip samples taken from the surface of the soil, looked for setae persisting in the environment. Results Of 1025 people surveyed 57 (5·6%) reported one or more symptoms of lepidopterism: 55 (96%) reported pruritus, 54 (95%) dermatitis, eight (14%) conjunctivitis, eight (14%) pharyngitis and two (4%) respiratory distress. The questionnaire was returned by 37 (69%) of the individuals with dermatitis. Of those, 16% had reacted with weal formation, 49% with papular rash and 22% with toxic irritant dermatitis. In 13% of respondents it was not possible to define the reaction. The risk factor analysis showed that airborne contamination was the most important cause: 97% of people had frequently passed an infested tree, 57% lived near a tree (in a neighbouring garden) and 32% had a tree in their own garden. Direct contact with larvae was of minor importance (38%). In four of the tape-strip samples intact setae were identified 1 year after the infestation. Conclusions Lepidopterism caused by T. processionea is a public health problem of increasing significance. In years with outbreaks of the pest it can reach epidemic proportions in communities located near infested trees. Contact with airborne setae was mainly responsible for the occurrence of the disease. [source] | ||||||||||