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Intervention Being (intervention + being)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences75%

Selected Abstracts

Good Enough Governance Revisited

DEVELOPMENT POLICY REVIEW, Issue 5 2007
Merilee S. Grindle
The concept of good enough governance provides a platform for questioning the long menu of institutional changes and capacity-building initiatives currently deemed important (or essential) for development. Nevertheless, it falls short of being a tool to explore what, specifically, needs to be done in any real world context. Thus, as argued by the author in 2004, given the limited resources of money, time, knowledge, and human and organisational capacities, practitioners are correct in searching for the best ways to move towards better governance in a particular country context. This article suggests that the feasibility of particular interventions can be assessed by analysing the context for change and the implications of the content of the intervention being considered. [source]

Methodology of clinical research: an overview

DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH, Issue 3 2006
Irene Floriani
Abstract The goal of clinical research is to establish safety efficacy and effectiveness of treatments or intervention. In order to obtain it, different clinical studies are needed, with a quite definite hierarchy of research objectives, in order to gather all information needed for appraising the clinical role of the intervention being tested. Clinical trials are generally considered as the best tool for learning whether a new treatment is safe and effective in patients. They are conducted in all areas of medicine but represent only a small part of the research for developing a new treatment. In particular, even after providing evidence for the approval of treatment, further research is needed on the implementation of results of clinical research into clinical practice and health policy. This is the place of outcome research that investigates the impact of various influences, especially interventions, on final endpoints that matter to decision makers with special emphasis on the use of patient-reported outcomes. This article reviews the methodological characteristics of each research phase, with particular emphasis on comparative trials and effectiveness studies. Drug Dev. Res. 67:183,187, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Randomization in psychiatric intervention research in the general practice setting

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METHODS IN PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH, Issue 3 2000
CM Van Der Feltz-Cornelis Faculty of Medicine
Abstract Most studies of psychiatric interventions in general practice settings conform only in part to the requirements of randomization, placebo control and blinding as formulated by the Cochrane Collaboration. It is possible, nonetheless, to develop experimental research designs that are sufficiently near to this standard. These must deal with certain methodological issues specific to psychiatric research. This article discusses scientific standards of psychiatric research with special consideration of interventions in general practice settings. These issues are accompanied by concrete examples and suggestions on how to confront the problems. In psychiatric intervention research, equivalence studies with single-blind outcome assessment, a tested and ethically justified method, are generally used in place of placebo-controlled studies. The article also examines randomization procedures in greater depth. Randomization can be applied across trial subjects or across doctors' practices. Practical consequences of randomizing across subjects, and specific implementations of it such as crossover and pre-post designs in general practice settings, are clarified. Overall, a research design using randomization across doctors' practices is judged preferable to one that randomizes across trial subjects. One potential problem is that the control group may become too small, especially when considerable effects are expected from the intervention being studied. One might consider making the control condition smaller in the first place, or, if indicated on ethical grounds, performing an intermediate analysis and then breaking off the study as soon as a statistically significant effect has been demonstrated. Multilevel statistical techniques offer new opportunities for analysis within such designs. Copyright © 2000 Whurr Publishers Ltd. [source]

Nurse Home Visits to Maternal,Child Clients: A Review of Intervention Research

PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 3 2004
Diane B. McNaughton Ph.D.
Abstract Home visiting has been considered a promising strategy for addressing the multiple needs of families at risk. Research reviews are a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners who develop and support new home-visiting interventions. This review examines 13 research studies published between the years of 1980 and 2000 that test the effectiveness of home-visiting interventions using professional nurses as home visitors. Findings indicate that a wide range of client problems are addressed during home visits using a variety of nursing interventions. Missing from most of the reports is a clear theoretical link between the client problem addressed, the nursing intervention, and target outcomes. About half of the studies were successful in achieving desired outcomes. Future research should be directed by middle-range practice theory, clearly explicate the nursing intervention being tested, use power analysis to determine sample size, and report reliability and validity of dependent variable measures with culturally diverse samples. [source]