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Interface Method (interface + method)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Engineering	66%

Selected Abstracts

A hybrid discontinuous Galerkin/interface method for the computational modelling of failure

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 7 2004
J. Mergheim
Abstract The present contribution is concerned with the computational modelling of failure along well-defined surfaces, which occur for example in the case of light-weight composite materials. A hybrid method will be introduced which makes use of the discontinuous Galerkin method in combination with a finite element interface approach. As a natural choice interface elements are introduced along the known failure surface. The discontinuous Galerkin method is applied in the pre-failure regime to avoid the unphysical use of penalty terms and instead to enforce the continuity of the solution along the interface weakly. Once a particular failure criterion is fulfilled, the behaviour of the interface is determined constitutively, depending on the displacement jump. The applicability of the proposed method is illustrated by means of two computational model problems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Numerical simulation of drop deformation and breakup in shear flow

HEAT TRANSFER - ASIAN RESEARCH (FORMERLY HEAT TRANSFER-JAPANESE RESEARCH), Issue 5 2007
Lin Chang-Zhi
Abstract Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the deformation and breakup of an isolated liquid drop suspended in immiscible viscous fluid under shear flow was performed with diffuse interface method. The governing equations of the model were described by Navier, Stokes, Cahn, Hilliard equations. The surface tension was treated as a modified stress. In this paper, a uniform staggered Cartesian grid was used. The transient Navier, Stokes equations were solved by an approximation projection method based on pressure increment formulation, while the Cahn, Hilliard equations were solved by a nonlinear full approximation multigrid method. The numerical results of the drop deformation and breakup were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Therefore, the present model could be perfectly applied to study the mechanism of drop deformation and breakup. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 36(5): 286, 294, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20160 [source]

A level set-based immersed interface method for solving incompressible viscous flows with the prescribed velocity at the boundary

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUIDS, Issue 3 2010
Zhijun Tan
Abstract A second-order accurate immersed interface method (IIM) is presented for solving the incompressible Navier,Stokes equations with the prescribed velocity at the boundary, which is an extension of the IIM of Le et al. (J. Comput. Phys. 2006; 220:109,138) to a level set representation of the boundary in place of the Lagrangian representation of the boundary using control points on a uniform Cartesian grid. In order to enforce the prescribed velocity boundary condition, the singular forces at the immersed boundary are applied on the fluid. These forces are related to the jump in pressure and the jumps in the derivatives of both the pressure and velocity, and are approximated via using the local Hermite cubic spline interpolation. The strength of singular forces is determined by solving a small system of equations at each time step. The Navier,Stokes equations are discretized via using finite difference method with the incorporation of jump conditions on a staggered Cartesian grid and solved by a second-order accurate projection method. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy and ability of the proposed method to simulate the viscous flows in irregular domains. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Simulation of heat transfer during rotational molding

ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY, Issue 4 2003
A. Greco
Abstract In rotational molding, polymer powders are subjected to heating, melting, cooling, and subsequent solidification in biaxially rotating molds. Heat transfer phenomena during rotational molding are significantly affected by the presence of endothermic and exothermic transitions. In this paper instead of using the traditional moving interface method, a new approach is presented which is applicable to semicrystalline materials like linear low-density polyethylene. Melting is described by a statistical model and crystallization by a kinetic model. The model parameters are determined from differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The one-dimensional unsteady heat conduction equation is solved by a finite difference method. The numerical predictions are in good agreement with experimental data. The overall heat transfer model can be used for process optimization purposes. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 22: 271,279, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.10055 [source]

Airway inflammation in employees involved in cultivating Japanese mushrooms (bunashimeji)

RESPIROLOGY, Issue 4 2008
Kenji TSUSHIMA
Background and objective: Chronic inhalation of spores may cause respiratory symptoms such as productive cough and sputum. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical pathophysiology of airway inflammation caused by bunashimeji spores and to investigate whether the spores have direct toxic inflammatory effects. Methods: Sensitized employees with respiratory symptoms and a stimulation index (SI) > 200%, and non-sensitized employees with a SI < 200% were enrolled. They underwent sputum induction and chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). The in vitro effect of bunashimeji spore solutions on normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cell cultures was investigated using the air,liquid interface method. Bunashimeji spore solution was added at 104 or 106 spores per 20 ,L/well. The interleukin (IL)-8 and epithelial neutrophil-activating peptide-78 (ENA-78) concentrations in the medium and IL-8 mRNA expression of NHBE cells were assessed after each stimulation. Results: Sensitized employees were divided into 14 with normal HRCT and 9 with abnormal HRCT. Fifteen of the sensitized group and five of the non-sensitized group had a productive cough and sputum. The neutrophil counts in induced sputum were significantly higher in subjects with abnormal HRCT than in those with normal HRCT. IL-8 and ENA-78 concentrations following stimulation with 104 and 106 spores were significantly increased compared with PBS only on day 9. IL-8 mRNA expression due to spore stimulation was significantly increased compared with control. IL-8 mRNA expression with 106 spore stimulation was significantly increased on days 6 and 12 compared with 104 spores. Conclusion: The inhalation of spores directly produces toxic inflammatory effects in the airways, independent of the degree of sensitization. [source]