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Intestinal Phenotype (intestinal + phenotype)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Confocal endomicroscopy for phenotypic diagnosis of gastric cancer

JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 4 2010
Kakunori Banno
Abstract Background and Aim:, Relationships between mucin phenotype and malignant potential in gastric cancers have attracted attention. We attempted to assess the possibility of obtaining phenotypic diagnoses by confocal endomicroscopy. Methods:, Confocal images of target lesions were obtained in 29 of 40 patients with gastric cancer. Appearances of the brush border, goblet cells, and gastric foveolar epithelium were investigated with immunohistochemical staining using CD10, MUC2, and human gastric mucin to evaluate phenotypic expression in gastric carcinomas. Confocal images were compared with immunohistochemical findings for goblet cells and brush borders. Results:, Both the endoscopists and the pathologist obtained high accuracy rates for differential diagnosis. Sensitivity and specificity for goblet cells were 85.7% and 92.3% (Endoscopist A), and 85.7% and 88.5% (Endoscopist B). The ,-value for correspondence between two endoscopists for the diagnosis of goblet cells in confocal images was 0.73. Sensitivity and specificity for the brush border were 93.8% and 91.7% (Endoscopist A), and 81.3% and 91.7% (Endoscopist B). The ,-value for correspondence between two endoscopists for diagnosis of the brush border in confocal images was 0.79. Intestinal phenotypic gastric cancers show a brush border, goblet cells, or both. Sensitivity and specificity for the intestinal phenotype in confocal endomicroscopy were 90.9% and 77.8% (Endoscopist A), and 86.4% and 83.3% (Endoscopist B). Conclusion:, The confocal endomicroscopic diagnosis of the mucin phenotype in gastric cancers was limited to intestinal and mixed phenotypes, but may be useful for the diagnosis of mucin phenotype and differential diagnosis. [source]

Transcriptome dissection of gastric cancer: Identification of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets from pathology specimens

PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2009
Wataru Yasui
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in the world, and mortality due to gastric cancer is second only to that from lung cancer. ,Transcriptome dissection' is a detailed analysis of the entire expressed transcripts from a cancer, for the purpose of understanding the precise molecular mechanism of pathogenesis. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a suitable technique for performing transcriptome dissection. Gastric cancers of different stages and histology were analyzed on SAGE, and one of the largest gastric cancer SAGE libraries in the world was created (GEO accession number GSE 545). Through SAGE, many candidate genes have been identified as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for the treatment of gastric cancer. Regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 (Reg IV) participated in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance and peritoneal metastasis, and its expression was associated with an intestinal phenotype of gastric cancer and with endocrine differentiation. GW112 expression correlated with advanced tumor stage. Measurement of Reg IV and GW112 levels in sera indicated a sensitivity of 57% for detection of cancer. SPC18 participated in tumor growth and invasion through transforming tumor growth factor-, upregulation. Palate, lung, and nasal epithelium carcinoma-associated protein (PLUNC) was a useful marker for gastric hepatoid adenocarcinoma. Expression of SOX9, HOXA10, CDH17, and loss of claudin-18 expression were associated with an intestinal phenotype of gastric cancer. Information obtained from transcriptome dissection greatly contributes to diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. [source]

Two distinct pathways of tumorigenesis of adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction, related or unrelated to intestinal metaplasia

PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2007
Souya Nunobe
It is still uncertain whether intestinal metaplasia (IM) of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) plays a role in the development of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEGJ). The purpose of the present study was to clarify the relationship between AEGJ and IM in Japanese patients. Forty-eight AEGJ, <3 cm and centered within 1 cm of the EGJ, were investigated. The frequency of IM around AEGJ and the correlation between IM and clinicopathological features were examined. IM was present in the surrounding mucosa in 22 of 48 cases (46%), and was seen more frequently in older patients (P = 0.008). Lymph node metastasis was observed only in cases in which the tumors were not associated with IM (P = 0.017). The gastric phenotype was seen almost exclusively in the group without IM, while the intestinal phenotype was predominant in the group with IM (P = 0.003). The present study found a lower incidence of associated IM than Western studies, and there were significant differences in clinicopathological features between AEGJ with and without IM. It is suggested that AEGJ may develop via two distinct pathways in Japanese patients: IM-related and IM-unrelated. [source]

Coexistence of gastric- and intestinal-type endocrine cells in gastric and intestinal mixed intestinal metaplasia of the human stomach

PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2005
Takafumi Otsuka
Intestinal metaplasia (IM) in the human stomach has previously been classified into a gastric and intestinal mixed (GI-IM) and a solely intestinal phenotype (I-IM). The phenotypes of mucous and endocrine cells were evaluated in 3034 glandular ducts associated with chronic gastritis. In the pyloric region, the relative expression of gastric endocrine cell markers, such as gastrin and somatostatin, decreased gradually from glandular ducts with only gastric mucous cell phenotype (G type) to GI-IM toward I-IM, while that of the intestinal endocrine cell markers, glicentin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) was inversely correlated. In the fundic region, gastrin-positive, cells, emerged, in, the, pseudo-pyloric, and, GI-IM glands, whereas I-IM glands did not possess any gastrin-positive cells, suggesting the presence of a distinct pathway of intestinalization. Double staining revealed coexistence of gastrin- and GLP-1-positive cells in the same gland and occasionally in the same cell in GI-IM glands. These results suggest that the phenotypes of endocrine cells are in line with those for mucous counterparts and support the concept that all of the different types of mucous and endocrine cells in normal and IM glands might be derived from a single progenitor cell in each gland. [source]