Inspection Time (inspection + time)

Distribution by Scientific Domains


Selected Abstracts


Inspection time predicts individual differences in everyday functioning among elderly adults: Testing discriminant validity

AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING, Issue 2 2009
Tess Gregory
Aim:, Inspection time (IT) is a processing speed measure, recently investigated as a biomarker of ageing. This study examined whether earlier IT predicts subsequent problems in everyday functioning in community-dwelling elderly people. Methods:, Participants completed IT at baseline, 6 months and 18 months. At 42 months, two groups of 15 elderly people matched for education and age (74,88 years) and selected for slower or faster baseline IT, completed a fourth estimate of IT and a practical assessment of everyday functioning (Timed Instrumental Activities of Daily Living , Adelaide). Results:, At 42 months, the group with slower baseline IT had significantly poorer performance (slower completion, higher errors) on more than half of the everyday functioning tasks. Conclusion:, Slower IT predicts difficulties up to 4 years later in everyday functioning of elderly adults, providing discriminant validation for IT as a biomarker for future changes. [source]


The effects of transdermal nicotine on inspection time

HUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, Issue 3 2002
J. C. Thompson
Abstract Rationale The acute administration of nicotine via a cigarette has been demonstrated to enhance inspection time (IT), a measure of rapid visual information processing, while the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine impairs IT. However, as transdermal nicotine patches provide a slow delivery of nicotine, it is unclear if they produce similar effects to nicotine administered by more rapid methods. Objectives To examine the effects of transdermal nicotine on inspection time. Methods Ten moderate smokers were administered nicotine (21,mg/day) or placebo via a transdermal patch in a randomized, double-blind, repeated measures design. Subjects were administered the IT task at baseline, then 1, 3, and 6,h subsequent to patch application. Results The change in IT from baseline was significantly different in the nicotine condition, relative to placebo, at 3,h but not 1 or 6,h. Conclusions The findings suggest that nicotine administered via transdermal patches improves IT, but this improvement may be subject to tolerance. Data from previous studies on tolerance to the cognitive effects of nicotine have been inconclusive. However, the slow delivery of nicotine from patches may be more likely to produce such effects. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]