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Insoluble Fibre (insoluble + fibre)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	80%

Selected Abstracts

Fibre intake and renal cell carcinoma: A case-control study from Italy

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 8 2007
Carlotta Galeone
Abstract Only 2 previous studies, conducted in Australia, United States and northern Europe, considered the role of dietary fibre intake on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk, and both showed a modest, inverse association. Therefore, we investigated in depth the topic of fibres and RCC, using data from a multicenter case-control study conducted in Italy from 1992 to 2004, including 767 cases with incident, histologically confirmed RCC and 1,534 controls admitted to the same network of hospitals as cases with acute nonmalignant conditions. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained after allowance for major identified confounding factors, including total energy intake. The continuous OR for an increase in intake equal to the difference between the 80th and the 20th percentile were 0.94 (95% CI: 0.82,1.08) for total dietary fibre, 0.98 (95% CI: 0.85,1.13) for soluble noncellulose polysaccharides, 0.92 (95% CI: 0.80,1.05) for total insoluble fibre, 0.90 (95% CI: 0.78,1.04) for cellulose, 0.95 (95% CI: 0.84,1.06) for insoluble noncellulose polysaccharides and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.93,1.21) for lignin. With reference to the sources of fibre, we found an inverse association with vegetable fibre (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73,0.97), but no association with fruit (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86,1.12) and grain fibre (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95,1.15). The inverse association with vegetable fibre may reflect a real favorable effect, or be an indicator of a beneficial role of a diet rich in vegetable on RCC risk. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Systematic review: the role of different types of fibre in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 3 2004
C. J. Bijkerk
Summary Background :,Both high-fibre dietary advice and the prescription of fibre as a bulking agent are very common in primary and secondary care management of irritable bowel syndrome. Irritable bowel syndrome patients with constipation may have delayed intestinal transit. Therefore, fibres that accelerate intestinal transit may be beneficial in these patients. The uncertain benefits reported in several clinical studies, however, have led us to reappraise the value of fibre in irritable bowel syndrome management. Aim :,To quantify the effect of different types of fibre on global and symptom relief from irritable bowel syndrome. Methods :,Using a structured literature search in MEDLINE (1966,2002), we selected randomized controlled trials involving irritable bowel syndrome patients treated with fibre. Analyses were performed for the total group and for trials using soluble and insoluble fibre separately. Results :,Seventeen studies were included in the analysis. None investigated primary care irritable bowel syndrome patients. Fibre, in general, was effective in the relief of global irritable bowel syndrome symptoms [relative risk, 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19,1.50]. Irritable bowel syndrome patients with constipation may receive benefit from fibre treatment (relative risk, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.21,2.02), but there was no evidence that fibre was effective in the relief of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome. Soluble and insoluble fibre, separately, had different effects on global irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Soluble fibre (psyllium, ispaghula, calcium polycarbophil) showed significant improvement (relative risk, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.35,1.78), whereas insoluble fibre (corn, wheat bran), in some cases, worsened the clinical outcome, but there was no significant difference compared with placebo (relative risk, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.72,1.11). Conclusions :,The benefits of fibre in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome are marginal for global irritable bowel syndrome symptom improvement and irritable bowel syndrome-related constipation. Soluble and insoluble fibres have different effects on global irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Indeed, in some cases, insoluble fibres may worsen the clinical outcome. Future clinical studies evaluating the effect and tolerability of fibre therapy are needed in primary care. [source]

PROTEIN, FIBRE AND BLOOD PRESSURE: POTENTIAL BENEFIT OF LEGUMES

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 4 2008
Ya Ping Lee
SUMMARY 1Prevention of hypertension and improved blood pressure control can be achieved through dietary modification. In particular, population studies and randomised controlled trials have indicated a beneficial effect of both dietary protein and dietary fibre on level of blood pressure. 2A large population study indicates that an increase in 37 g/day of protein leads to a decrease in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure by approximately 3 and 2.5 mmHg, respectively. This protective effect is independent of the source of dietary protein. 3Meta-analysis suggests that a fibre increase of approximately 17 g/day will decrease systolic blood pressure by 1.15 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 1.65 mmHg, with soluble fibre showing a stronger effect than insoluble fibre. 4Protein and dietary fibre may have additive effects to lower blood pressure. One feasible approach to increasing both protein and fibre in the daily diet could be through the incorporation of legumes, a protein- and fibre-rich food. 5This review assesses the evidence for effects of protein and fibre to reduce blood pressure and the potential of incorporation of legumes into the daily diet as a feasible approach to achieving such benefits for blood pressure. [source]

Identification of gas-producing components in different varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris by in vitro fermentation

JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 6 2001
M Granito
Abstract Phaseolus vulgaris consumption has been limited as part of the occidental diet owing to flatulence production. Raffinose, stachyose and verbascose have been shown to be the main components responsible for flatulence; however, it is thought that soluble fibre could also be involved in this phenomenon. The aim of the present study was to identify the main components of beans influencing flatus. Ten varieties of P vulgaris originating from South America were first analysed for their main nutrient and carbohydrate fractions. Three of the varieties were then fractionated to extract soluble and insoluble fibres. Various combinations of ,-galactosides and soluble and insoluble fibre fractions, in similar proportions to those contained in cooked grains, were used as substrates for in vitro fermentation studies using human faecal inoculum to determine the fermentative capacity of each of the three fractions. Considering the white varieties, total gas production and acidification of the medium were correlated with fermented organic matter from soluble fibre (R2,=,1)) and with ,-galactosides (R2,=,0.75). On the other hand, tannins present in pigmented varieties did not seem to interfere significantly in fermentation of soluble fibre. The total production of gas per gram of mixed fractions of soluble fibre and ,-galactosides in proportions found in cooked grains was lower than that expected from each substrate separately. It can be concluded that soluble fibre and ,-galactosides are good substrates for endogenous colonic flora subjected to in vitro fermentation studies and are thus responsible for flatulence induced by legume consumption. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry [source]