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Infection Profiles (infection + profile)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	40%

Selected Abstracts

Association of BLV infection profiles with alleles of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene

ANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 4 2008
M. A. Juliarena
Summary Bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) causes lymphosarcoma and persistent lymphocytosis (PL). Some MHC class II gene polymorphisms have been associated with resistance and susceptibility to the development of lymphosarcoma and PL, as well as with a reduced number of circulating BLV-infected lymphocytes. Previously, 230 BLV-infected Holstein cattle were classified into two infection profiles characterized by low and high proviral loads (LPL and HPL respectively). Here, the influence of the polymorphism at the BoLA-DRB3.2* gene of these animals was examined. After genotyping, the association between the BoLA-DRB3.2* alleles and the BLV infection profile was determined as the odds ratio (OR). Two subtypes of allele *11 were identified (ISAG*0901 and *0902). Allele ISAG*0902 showed a stronger association with the LPL profile (OR = 8.24; P < 0.0001) than allele *11 itself (OR = 5.82; P < 0.0001). Allele ISAG*1701 (*12) also showed significant association with the LPL profile (OR = 3.46; P < 0.0055). Only one allele, ISAG*1501 or 03 (*16), showed significant association with HPL (OR = 0.36; P < 0.0005). The DRB3.2* alleles were assigned to three categories: resistant (R), susceptible (S) and neutral (N). Based on their DRB3 genotypes, cattle were classified as homozygous or heterozygous. The RR and RN genotypes were associated with the LPL profile, while the SS and NS genotypes were associated with the HPL profile. The RS genotype could not be associated with any particular profile. Our results show that allele ISAG*0902 appears to be the best BLV resistance marker in Holstein cattle. [source]

Periodontal infection profiles in type 1 diabetes

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 12 2006
Evanthia Lalla
Abstract Objectives: We investigated the levels of subgingival plaque bacteria and serum IgG responses in patients with type 1 diabetes and non-diabetic controls of comparable periodontal status. Material and Methods: Fifty type 1 diabetes patients (mean duration 20.3 years, range 6,41) were age-and gender-matched with 50 non-diabetic individuals with similar levels of periodontal disease. Full-mouth clinical periodontal status was recorded, and eight plaque samples/person were collected and analysed by checkerboard hybridization with respect to 12 species. Homologous serum IgG titres were assessed by checkerboard immunoblotting. In a sub-sample of pairs, serum cytokines and selected markers of cardiovascular risk were assessed using multiplex technology. Results: Among the investigated species, only levels of Eubacterium nodatum were found to be higher in diabetic patients, while none of the IgG titres differed between the groups, both before and after adjustments for microbial load. Patients with diabetes had significantly higher serum levels of soluble E-selectin (p=0.04), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1; p=0.0008), adiponectin (p=0.01) and lower levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1; p=0.02). Conclusions: After controlling for the severity of periodontal disease, patients with type 1 diabetes and non-diabetic controls showed comparable subgingival infection patterns and serum antibody responses. [source]

Isolates of Trichuris muris elicit different adaptive immune responses in their murine host

PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 3 2005
C. E. Johnston
SUMMARY The J and S isolates of Trichuris muris have different infection profiles in C57BL/6 mice; J worms are expelled, S worms survive to chronicity. Building on this, the ability of the J and S isolates to survive, and the quality of the immune response induced was explored in three different strains of mouse. The resistant BALB/c mouse mounted a strong Th2 response against both isolates, which were quickly expelled. The susceptible AKR host mounted a Th1 response and retained both isolates. Despite equivalent worm exposure, mesenteric lymph node cells from AKR mice infected with the S isolate produced significantly higher levels of IL-12 and the intestinal mastocytosis was reduced. IgG1 and IgG2a from S-infected AKR mice recognized low molecular weight antigens not recognized by J-infected mice. Differential expulsion kinetics was observed in the slower-responding C57BL/6 strain; J worms were expelled but S isolate worms were retained. Survival of the S isolate was again associated with elevated IL-12 and decreased Th2 responses. In resistant mouse strains, the outcome of infection is thus dominantly influenced by host genetics. However, in the slower-responding host, isolate-derived factors may play a role in shaping the quality of the adaptive immune response, thus influencing parasite survival. [source]